The life of Edward earl of Clarendon, written by himself

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1

THE

L I F E

OF

Edward Earl of Clarendon,

Lord High Chancellor of ENGLAND^

AND

CiiANCPLl,oR of the University o£ OXFORD,

CONTAINING,

An Account of his Life from his Birt^
to the Restoration in 1660.

WRITTEN BY HIMSELF.

Printed from his Original Manuscripts, given

to the University of OXFORD by

the Heirs of the late Earl of

CLARENDON.

Ne quid Falfi dicere audeat, ne quid Vert turn audeat. Cicerow
VOLUME THE FIRS T.^. —

■■ — ' /v./' !■ ' .^ 'i i, N^ '-

THE THIRD EDITION. \^ " .' .S ^J

OXFORD,

i^f tjie Cl-ARBlfOON PftlNTIlf G-|l9US|. M,DCC.LXI,

Ql^. n.. kUo .

THE

LIFE

O F

Edward Earl of Clarendon, ,

Lord High Chancellor of ENGL'ANDy

AND

Chancellor of the University of OXFORD,

CONTAINING,

L An Account of the Chancellor's

Life from his Birth to the

Restoration in 1660.

XL A G^ntinuation of the fame, and of his

History of the Grand Rebellion,

from the Restoration to his

Banishment in 1667.

WRITTEN BY HIMSELF.

Printed from his Original Manuscripts, given

to the University of OXFORD by

the Heirs of the late Earl of

CLARENDON.

Ne quid Falji dicere audeaty tie quid Veri non audeat, Cic,
in three volume 4by-y/i'\

THE THIRD EDITION. v- i Vii

OXFORD, '"-^aB^
At the Clarendon Frintinc-House. M.DCC.LXI.

( i )

The LIFE of

Edward Earl of Clarendon

From his Birth to the Reftoration of the
Royal Family in the Year 1660.

PART the FIRST.

Mmtpeliery i^Jul^ i66i.

H

E was born in Binton in the County oiWtltSy Phu^M.
fix Miles from Salifbury, in the Houfe of his ^^i^^^^^
Father who was Henry Hyde^ the third Son HisCtmA^
of Laurence Hyde^ of JVeJl-Hatchy Efq-, which Lau- <©'•
rence was the youngef Son of Robert Hyde of Nor-
bury in the County of Chejler^ Efq-, which Eftate of
Norbury had continued in that Family, and dc-
fcended from Father to Son from before the Con-
queft, and continues to this Day in Edward Hyde^
who is poffefled thereof: The other Eftate oi Hyde
having fome Ages fince fallen into that of Norbury^
by a Marriage, and continues ftill in that Houfe.

Laurence, being as was faid the younger SmeActmm
Son of Robert Hyde of Norbury, and the Cuftom of '-f^jj^'
that County of Chejier being to make fmall Pvoyi-fiiblr, '
fions for the younger Sons of the beft Families, was
by the Care and Providence of his Mother well
educated, and when his Age was fit for it, was
placed as a Clerk in one of the Auditor's Offices of
the Exchequer, where He gained great Experience,

Vol. J. A and-

Ttbe LIFE of Parti.

and was employed in the Affairs and Bufinefs of
Six John Thynne^ who under the Prote6lion and Ser-
vice of the Duke of Sovierfet had in a fhort Time (^)
raifed a very great Eftate, and was the firft of that
Name who was known, and left the Houfe of Long-
leat to his Heir, with other Lands to a great Value.
Laurence Hyde continued not above a Year ( or very
iittle ,more) in that Relation, and pever gained any
Thing by it ; but (hortly after married Anne^ the P.e-
lift and Widow of MaUhew CaUhurJi^ Efq; of Cla-
verton near Bath in the County of Somerfet^ by whom
He had a fair Fortune : And by her had four Sons
and four Daughters, that is to fay, Robert^ Laurence^
Henry^ and Nicholas^ Joanna^ married to Edward
Tounge of Durnford near Salt/bury^ Efq; Jlice, mar-
ried to John St. Loe of Kingston in the County of
WtltSy Efq; Anne^ .married to T'homas Baynard of
Wanftrow in the County of Somerfet^ Efq; and Su-
fanna^ married to Sir George Fuy of Kyneton in the
County of Wilts ^ Knight : And thefe four Sons and
four Daughters lived all above forty Years after the
Death of their Father.

Laurence, fliordy after his Marriage with
jinne^ purchafed the Manor of IVeJi^Hatch^ where
He died, and feveral other Lands ; and having taken
Care to breed his Sons at<he Univerfity of Oxford,
and Inns of Court, leaving his Wife, the Mother
6f all his Children, pofleffed of the greateft Part of
his Eftate, prefuming that She would be careful
and kind to all their Children, upon that Account
left the Bulk of his Eftate to Robert his eldeft Son,

who married Ame the Daughter of Cajiilian

of Benham in the County of Berks, Efq; who had
many Children, and lived to the Age of eighty,
arid left his Eftate, a little impaired by the Marriage
of niJ^ny Daughters, to his Son. To Laurence his
fecond Son, (who was afterwards Sir Laurence, and
Attorney General to Queen Anne, and a Lawyer of
great Name atid-Pra6tice) He left the impropriate

Redtory

Parti. Edward jE^r/g/' Clarendon. 3

Reftory of Dintm^ after the Life of Anne hifi Mo*
ther, charged with an Annuity of forty Pounds fft;
Annum to his third Son Henry for his Life \ and H^
cdiarged fome other Part of his Eftate with an An-
nuity of thirty Pounds per Artamm to his youngeft
Son NicholaSj for his Life, relying upon .the Good-
nefs of his Wife, who was left very n^h, as well by .
his Donation, as from her Hufband Caltbfirjl^ t\M
She would provide for the better Supporf of the
younger Children ; two of which raifed their For-
tunes by the Law, Laurence^ as was faid before, be-^
ing Attorney General to the Queen, and Nicholas^
the youngeft Son, living to be Lord Chief Jufticc
of the King's Bench, and dying in that Office -, both
of them leaving behind them many Sons and Daugh«
ters.

Henry, the third Son, being of thie Mddli^^'^^'
temple at bis Father's Peath, and being thought
to be moft in the Favour of his Mother, and bein^
ready to be called to the Bar, though He had ftu-
died the Law very well, and was a very gopd Scho*^
lar, having proceeded Matter of Arts in O^ford^
had yet no Mind to the Praftice of the Law, bu(
had long had an Inclination to travel beyond the.
Seas, which in that ftrift Time of Queen Etizflhetk
was not uiual, except to Merchants and fuch Gen^
demen who refolved to be Soldiers -, ^nd at laft pr?^'
vailed with his Mother to give him Leave to go to
the Spa for his Health, from whence He fdlowed
his former Inclinations, and paffing through GermOr
iry. He went into Itafy^ and from Florence Hte went
to Syena^ land thence to Rime: Which was not only
ftriaiy inhibited to all the Queen's Subjefts, but
was very dangenous to all the Englijh Nation whp
did not profefs themfelves iJ!^«w» Cathelicks^ to
which Profeffion He was very averfe, in Regar4 of
the great Animofity Sixtm ^infus (who y^as then'
Pope) had cb the Perfoa.of Queen Etizaktb: Yet
Cardinal ASm^ who wcas the laft Es^i/b Curdina]^

A a b^ing

The L I F R of ^ Parti

being thcti in Romey He received fo much Protec- (
tion from him, that during the Time He (laid there,
which was fome Months, He received no Trouble,
though many EngUJh Priefts murmured very much,
and (aid, ** that my Lord Cardinal was much to be
** blamed for protedling fuch Men, who came to
** Rome, and fo feeing the Ecclefiaftical Perfons of
**that Nation, difcovered them afterwards when
•* They came into England^ and fo They were put
"to Death."

After He was returned into England his Mo-
ther was very glad, and perliiaded him very ear-
neftly to marry, offering him in that Cafe, that
whereas She had the Reftory of Binton in Jointure
for her Life, upon which He had only an Annuity
of forty Pounds per Annum^ for his Life, the Re-
mainder being to come to Laurence the fecond Bro-
ther and his Heirs for ever. She would immediate-
ly refign her Term to him, for his better Support,
and would likewife purchafe of Laurencej the faid
Rectory for the Life of Henry ^ and fuch a Wife as
He fhould marry ; upon which Encouragement, and
depending ftill upon his Mother's future Bounty,
about the thirtieth Year of his Age, He married
Mdryy one of the Daughters and Heirs of Edward
Lar^ord of Trowbridge in the County of Wilts ^ Efq;
by whom in prefent, and after her Mpther, He had
a good Fortune, in the Account of that Age. From
that Time, He lived a private Life at Dinton afbre-
faid, with great Cheerfulnels and Content, and with
a general Reputation throughout the whole Coun*
try ; being a Perfon of great Knowledge and Repu-
tation, and of fo great Eiteem for Integrity, that
moft Perfons near him referred all Matters of Con-
tention and Difierence which did ariie amongit
them, to his Determination ; by which, that Part
of the Country lived in more Peace and Quietnefs
than many of their Neighbours. During the Time
of Queen EUzaktb He terved as a Burgefs for fome

neigh-

Paft I. Edwa?,d Earl g/* Clarendon,

neighbour Boroughs in many Parliaments; but
from the Death of Queen Elizabeth^ He never was
in London^ though He lived above thirty Years af-
ter ; and his Wife, who was married to him above
forty Years, never was in London in her Life ; the
Wifdom and Frugality of that Time being fuch,
that few Gentlemen made Journies to London^ or
any other expenfive Journies, but upon important
Bufinefs, and their Wives never ; by which Provi-
dence, They enjoyed and improved their Eftates in
the Country, and kept good Hofpitality in their
Houfes, brought up their Children well^ and were
beloved by their Neighbours ; and in this Rank,
and with this Reputation this Gendeman lived till
He was feventy Years of Age -, his younger Brother
the Chief Juftice dying fome Years before him, and
his two elder Brothers outlivmg him : The great
Affeftion between the four Brothers, and towards
their Sifters, of whom all enjoyed Plenty and Con-
tentednefs, was very notorious throughout the Coun-
try, and of Credit to them all,

Henry Hyde, the third Son oi Laurence^ by his
Intermarriage with Mary Langford^ had four Sons
and five Daughters, and' being by the Kindnefs and
Bounty of his Mother, who lived long, and till He
had ieven or eight Cnildren, poile0^ of fuch an
Eftate as made his Condition eafy to him, lived ftili
in the Country, as was faid before. Ijmrtnce his
cldeft Son died young •, Henry his fecond Son lived
till He was twenty fix or twenty feven Years of
Age ; Edward his third Son was He who came
afterwards to be Earl of Clarendon^ and Lord High
Chancellor of England ; Nicholas died young ; Hen-
ry and Edward were both in the Univerfity of Ox^
ford together-, Henry being Matter of Arts the Ad
before his younger Brother Edward came to the
Univerfity, who was dcfigned by his Father to the
Cloggy.

A 3 Edward

IS The L IF E of Parti.

^^^^'^ Edward Hyde, being the third Son of his Fa- (4)
Birth. ' ther, was born at Dinton upon the eighteenth Day
^^^^- of February in the Year 1608, being the fifth Year
of King James ; and was always bred in his Father's
Hoiife under the Care of a Schoolmafter, to whom
his Father had given the Vicarage of that Parifh,
who having been always a Schoolmafter, had bred
many good Scholars, and this Perfon of whom we
now fpeak, principally by the Care and Converfa-
tion of his Father, ( who was an excellent Scholar,
and took Pleafure in conferring with him, and con-
tributed much more to his Education than the
School did) was thought fit to be fent to thie Uni-
rerfity foon after He was thirteen Years of Age ;
and being a younger Son of a younger Brother, was
to expeft a fmall Patrimony from his Father, but
to make his own Fortune by his own Induftry ; and
tie is fent to w Order to that, was fent by his Father to Oxford
^^^^ at that Time, being about Magdalen Eleftion Time,
in Expectation that He ftiould have been chofen
Demy of Magdalen College, the Election being to
be at that Time, for which He was recommended
by a fpecial Letter from King James to Dr. Ldngton
then Prefident of that College ; but upon Pretence
that the Letter came too late, though the Eleftion
was not then begun, He was hot chofen, and fo re-
mained in Magdalen Hall (where He was before ad-
mitted) under the Tuition of Mr. John Oliver^ a
Fellow of that College, who had been Junior of the
Aft a Month before, and a Scholar of Eminency.

The Year following, the Prefident of the Col-
lege having received Reprehenfion from the Lord
Conway then Secretary of State, for giving no more
Refpeft to the King's Letter, He was chofen the
next Election in the firft Place, but that whole Year
pafled without any Avoidance of a Demy's Place,
which was never known before in any Man's Me-
mory 5 and that Year King James died, and fliortly

after,

Part I. Edward E^r/^/" Clarendon. f

after, Henry his elder Brother, and thereupon Ws
Father having now no other Son, changed his former
Inclination, and refolved to fend his Son Edward to
the Inns of Court : He was then entered in the
Middle Temple by his Uncle Nicholas Hyde^ who Mr, Hyde
was then Treafurer of that Society, and afterwards ^^\f^^^
Lord Chief Juftice of the King's Bench ; but by Temple.
Reafon of the great Plague then at London in the
firft Year of King Charles, and the Parliament be-
ing then adjourned to Oxford, whither the Plague
was likewife then brought by Sir James Huffy, one
of the Mailers of the Chancery, who died in New-
College the firft Night after his Arrival at Oxford^
and fhortly after Dr. Chaloner Principal of Alban-
Hall, who had fupped that Night with Sir James
Huffy, He did not go to the Middle "Temple till the
Michaelmafs Term after the Term at Reading, but
remained partly at his Father's Houfe, and partly
at the Univerfity, where He took the Degree of
Bachelor qf Arts, and then left it, rather with the
Opinion of a young Man of Parts and Pregnancy
of Wit, than that He had improved it much by In-
duftry, the Difcipline of that Time being not fo
ftrift as it hath been fince, and as it ought, to be i
and the Cuftom of Drinking being too much intro-
duced and praftifed, his elder Brother having been
too much corrupted in that Kind, and fo having at
his firft Coming given him fome Liberty, at leaft
feme Example towards that Licenfe, infomuch as
He was often heard to fay, " that it was a very
*' good Fortune to him, that his Father fo foon re-
** moved him from the Univerfity,'* though He air-
ways refervcd a high Efteem of it.

Before the Beginning of Michaelmafs Term,
(which was in the Year 1625) the City being then
clear from the Plague, He went frpm Marlborough
after the Quarter Seffions with his Uncle Nicholas
Hyde to London^ and arrived there the Eve of the

A 4 Term,

» 8 Tie L I F E of Pirt L

Term, bemg then between fixteen and feventeen (s
Years of Age : In the Evening He went to Prayers
- to the temple Church, and was there fei;sed upon

by a Fit of an Ague very violently, which proved
a Quartan, and brought him in a fhort Time fo
weak, that his Friends much feared a Confumption,
fo that his Uncle thought fit fhortly after AthoUand-
jtmmvtim tide to fend him into the Country to Pirton in North
'*»^**^* Wiltjbire^ whither his Father had removed himfelf
from Dinton ; choofing rather to live upon his own
Land, the which He had purchafed many Years be-
fore, and to rent Binton^ which was but a Leafe for
Lives, to a Tenant. He came Home to his Fa-
ther*s Houfe very weak, his Ague continuing fo
violently upon him ( though it fometimes changed
its Courfe from a quartan to a tertian, and then to
a quotidian, and on new Year's Day he had two
hot Fits and two cold Fits) until Whitfundcr/ fol-
lowing, that all Men thought him to be in a Con-
fumption ; it then left him, and He grew quickly
ftrong again. In this Time of his Sicknefs his Un-
^tewiito/^ qle was made Chief Juftice : It was Mcbaelmafs fol-
Tcmpic lowing before He returned to the Middle Tefnphj
having by his Want of Health loft a full Tear of
Study, and when He returned, it was without great
Application to the Study of the Law for fome Year ;
it being then a Time when the Town was full r '
Soldiers, the King having then a War both wi*
Spain and France y and the. Bufinefs of the Ifle of 1 '/
Ihortly followed ; and He had gotten into the / .-
cjuaintance of many of thofe Officers, which took
up too much of his Time for one Year ; but as the
"War was auickly ended, fo He had the good For-
tune quickly to make a full Retreat from that Com-
pany, and from any Converfation with any of them,
arid without any Hurt or Prejudice ; infomuch as
He ufed often to fay, " that fince it pleafed God to
*' preferve him whUft He did kqep that Compaiiy

" (m

Parti. Edward £/7r/g^ Clarendon. 9

" (in which He wonderfully efcaped from being in*
" volved in many Inconveniences) and to withdraw
** him fo foon from it. He was not forry that He
" had fome Experience in the Converfation of fuch
" Men, and of the Licenfe of thofe Times,** which
was. very exorbitant: Yet when He did indulge
himfelf that Liberty, it was without any fignal De-
bauchery, and not without fome Hours every Day,
at leaft every Night, fpent amongft his Books -, yet
He would not deny that, more than to be able to
anfwer his Uncle who almoft every Night put a
Cafe to him in Law, He could not bring himfelf to
an induftrious Purfuit of the Law Study ; but ra-
ther loved polite Learning and Hiftory, in which,
efpecially in t\it Roman^ He had been always con-
veriant.

I N the Year 1628 his Father gave him Leave to Settuaortth
ride the Circuit in the Summer with his Uncle the ^^^^^
Chief Juftice, who then rode the Norfolk Circuit ;
and indeed defired it, both that He might fee thofe
Countries, arid efpecially that He might be out of
London in that Seafon, when the Small Pox raged
very ftirioufly, and many Perfons, fome whereof
were much acquainted with him, died of that Dif-
eafe in the Mddle "Hempk itfelf : It was about the
Middle of July when that Circuit began, and Cam--
bridge was the firft Place the Judges begun at \ Mr.
Juffice Harvey^ (one of the Judges of the Common
Pleas) was in Commiffion with the Chief Juftice :
They both came intoCambridge on the Saturday Night,
and the next Day Mr. Edward Hyde fell fick, which ^f^.f
was imputed only to his Journey the Day before in ^cam- ^
very hot Weather ; but He continued fo ill the Day ^^t^
or two following, that it was apprehended that He
might have the Small Pox ; whereupon He was re-
moved out of Triniiy College, where the Judges
were lodged, to the Sun Inn over againft the Col-
lege Gate, the Judges being to go out of Town the

next

10 TbQ L I F E of Part L

next Day, but before they went, the Small Pox
appeared : whereupon his Uncle put him under the (6)
Care of Mr. Crane an eminent Apothecary, who had
been bred up under Dr. Buller^ and was in much
greater Pradlice than any Phyfician in the Univerfi-
ty ; and left with him Laurence Si. Loe one of his
Servants, who was likewife his Nephew, to aflift
and comfort him : It pleafed God to preferve him
from that devouring Difeafe, which was Jpread all
over him very furioufly, and had fo far prevailed
over him, that for fome Hours both his Friends and
Phyfician confulted of Nothing but of the Place and
Manner of his Burial ; but as I faid, by God's Good-
nefs He efcaped that Sicknefs, and within few Days
more than a Month after his firft Indilpofition, He
pafled in moderate Journeys to his Father's Houfe

^iturmogMn 2it Pirton^ where He arrived a Day or two before

^ A?^. Bartbolemew Day,

«^« He was often wont to fay, that he was reading

to his Father in Camdenh Annals, and that particu-
lar Place, in which it is faid, " Johannes FeltonuSy qui
** Bullam Pontificiam valvis Palatii Epifcopi Londinen-
^^fis affixerat jam deprehenfus^ cum fugere nollei^ fac-
** turn confejfus quod tamen crimen agnofcere noluit^ &c."
when a Perfon of the Neighbourhood knocked at
the Door, and being called in, told his Father, that
a Poft was then pafled through the Village to Charle-
ton^ the Houfe of the Earl of Berkjhire^ to inform
the Earl of Berkjhire that the Duke of Buckingham
was killed the Day before, (being the 24th of Au-
Snfiy Bartbolemew Day, in the Year 1628) by one
John Felton^ •\ which difmal Accident happening in
th^ Court, made a great Change in the State, pro-
duced a fudden Difbanding of all Armies, and a due
Obfervation of, and Obedience to the Laws ; fo that

f For the Particulars of the Duke of Buckingham'^ Death,
tnd of the Alterations it produced at Court and in publick Af-
fairs, Vid. Hift, of the Reb. Fol. Vol. i. Page *2, fcfr.

there .

Parti- Edward JB^r/g/' Clarendon. it

there being no more Mutations in View (which
ufually aflfeft the Spirits of young Men, at lead hold
them fome Time at Gaze) Mr. Hyde returned again ^ndfi-m
to his Studies at the Mddk Temple^ having it ftill SSSfc'"'^
in his Refolution to dedicate himielf to the ProfelV Temple.
fion of the Law, without dedining the politer Learn-
ing, to which his Humour and lus Converfation
kept him always very indulgent ; and to lay fome
Obligation upon himfelf to be fixed to that Courfe
of Life, He inclined to a Propofition of Marriage,
which having no other Paflion in it, than an Appe-
tite to a convenient Eftate, fucceeded not, yet pro-
duced new Acquaintance, and continued the fame
Inclinations.

About this Time his Uncle Sir Nicholas Hyde
Lord Chief Juftice of the King's Bench, died of a Death and
malignant Fever, gotten from the Infeftion of fome ^^ ^
Goal in his Summer Circuit : He was a Man of ex- sir Nich^ki
cejlent Learning for that Province He was to go- ^^'^^
vern, of unfufpefted and unblemifhed Integrity, of
an exemplar Gravity and Aufterity, which was ne-
ceflary for the Manners of that Tinne, corrupted by
the marching of Armies, and by the Licenfe after
the difbanding.them -, ahd though upon his Promo-
tion fome Years before, from a private Praftifer of
the Law, to the fupreme Judicatory in it, by the
Power and Recommendation of the great Favourite,
of whofe Council he had been. He was expofed to
much Envy and fome Prejudice •, yet his Behaviour
was fo grateful to all the Judges, who had an en-
tire Confidence in him, his Service fo ufeful to the
King in his Government, his Juftice and Sincerity
fo confpicuous throughout the Kingdom, that the
Death of no Judge had in any Time been more kr
mented.

The Lofs of fo beneficial an Encouragement and
Support in that Profeflion, did not at all difcourage
his Nephew in his Purpofe \ rather added new Re-

folution

It The LIFE of PartL

folution to him ; and to call Home all ftraggling (7)
and wandering Appetites, which naturally produce
Irrefolution and Inconftancy in the Mind, with his
5^;;J^'' Father's Confent and Approbation, He married a
young Lady very fair and beautiful, the Daughter
of Sir George A/Uffe^ a Gentleman of a good Name
and Fortune in- the County oi Wilts y where his own
Expeftations lay, and by her Mother (a St. John)
nearly allied to many noble Families in England.
He enjoyed this Comfort and Compofure of Mind a
very fhort Time, for within lefs than fix Months af-
ter He was married, being upon the Way from
London towards his Father's Houfc, fhe fell fick at
Readings and being removed to a Friend's Houfe
near that Town, the Small Pox diicovcred them-
felves, and ((he being with Child) forced her to mif-
^ /^ carry ; and She died within two Days. He bore her
Lofs with fo great Paffion and Confufion of Spirit,
that it (hook all the Frame of his Refolutions, and
Nothing but his entire Duty and Reverence to his
* Father Kept him from giving over all Thoughts of
Books, and tranfporting himfelf beyond the Seas, to
enjoy jiis own Melancholy ; nor could any Perfua-
lion or Importunity from his Friends prevail with
him in fome Years to think of another Marriage.
There was an ill Accident in the CoUrt befel a La-
' dy of a Family nearly allied to his Wife, whofe Me-
mory was very dear to him, and there always con-
tinued a firm Friendfhip in him to all her Alliance,
- which likewife ever manifefted an equal AfFeftion
to him s amongft thofe was fViUiam Vifcount Gran-^
difon^ a young Man of extraordinary Hope, between
whom and the other there was an entire Confi-
dence : The Injury was of that Nature, that the
young Lord thought of Nothing but rep^ring it his
own Way ; but thofe Imaginations were quickly at
an End, by the King's rigoi'ous and juft Proceed-
ing againft the Perfons offending, in committing

' them

PartL Edward £^r/g^ Clarendon. 13

them both to the Tower, and declaring that "fincc
" He was fatisfied that there was a Promife of Mar-
** riage in thp Cafe, the Gentleman Ihould make
** good his Proniifc by marrying the Lady ; or be
** kept in Prifon, and for ever banifhed from all
" Pretence or Relation to the Court," where He
had a very great Credit and Intereft : This Decla-
ration by the King made the neareft Friends of the
Lady purfue the Defign of this Reparation more
folicitoufly, in which They had all Accefs to the
King, who continued ftill in his declared Judgment
in the Matter : In this Purfuit Mr. H^de"^ paflionate
Affection to the Family embarked him, and They
were all as willing to be guided by his Conduft ;
the Bufmefs was to be followed by frequent Inftan-
ces at Court, and Conferences with thofe who had
moft Power and Opportunity to confirm the King
in the Senfe He had entertained 5 and thofe Confe-
rences were wholly managed by him, who thereby
had all Admiifion to the Perfons of Alliance to the
Lady, and fo concerned in the Dilhonour, which was
a great Body of Lords and Ladies of principal Re-
lations in tlie Court, with whom in a (hort Time He i^j^JSm
was of great Credit and Efteem j of which the Mar- kyA/tht,^
quis oiHamlion was one, who having married an l^'^.^i^
excellent Lady, Coufm-German to the injured Per- Ham^flf
Ion, feemed the moft concerned and moft* zealous
for her Vindication, and who had at that Time the
moft Credit of any Man about the Court, and up-
on that Occafion entered into a Familiarity with
him, and made as great Profeflions of Kindnefs to
him as could pafs to a Perfon at that Diftance from
him, which continued till the End and Conclufion
of that Affair, when the Marquis believed that Mr.
Hyde had difcovercd fome Want of Sincerity in him
in that Profecution, which He pretended fo much
toaflert

The

14 Ih L I F E of Part I.

The Mention of this particular little Story, in (%)
itfelf of no feeming Confequence, is not inferted
here only as it made fome Alterations, and acciden-
tally introduced him into another Way of Converfa-
tion than He had formerly been accuftomed to, and
which in Truth by the Acquaintance, by the Friends
and Enemies He then made, had an Influence up-
on the whole Courfe of his Life afterwards ; but as
it made fuch ImprcffionB upon the whole Court, by
dividing the Lords and Ladies, both in their Wiflies
and Appearances, that much of that Faftion grew
out of it, which furvived the Memory of the Origi-
nal ; and from this Occafion (to fhew us from how
(mail Springs great Rivers may arife) the Women,
who till then had not appeared concerned in pub-
lick Affairs, began to have fome Part in all Bufi-
nefs • and having fhewn themfelves warm upon this
Amour, as their Paflions or AfFedlions carried them,
and thereby entered into new Affeftions, and form-
ed new Interefts •, the A6tivity in their Spirits re-
mained ftill vigorous when the Objed: which firft
inlpired it was vanifhed and put in Oblivion, Nor
were the very Minifters of State vacant upon this
Occafion -, They who for their own Sakes, or, as
They pretended, for the King*s Dignity, and Ho-
nour of the Court, defired the Ruin of the Gentle-
man, preffed the Magnitude of the Crime, in bring-
ing fo great a Scandal upon the King's Family,
which would iiinder Perfons of Honour from fend-
ing their Children to the Court ; and that there
could be no Reparation without the Marriage, which
They therefore only infifted upon, becaufe They be-
lieved He would prefer Banifhment before it ; others
who had Friendfhip for him and believed that He
had an Intereff in the Court, which might accom-
modate himfelf and them if this. Breach were clofed
any Way, therefore if the King's Severity could not
be prevailed upon, wiflied it concluded by the Mar-
riage J

Parti. Edward E/^r/ g^CLARENDON. 15

riage ; which neither himfelf nor They upon whom
He moft depended, would ever be brought to con-
fent to ; fo that all the Jealoufies and Animofities in
the Court or State came to play their own Prizes
in the widening or. accommodating this Contention :
In the Conclufion, on a fudden, contrary to the Ex-
peftation of any Man of either Party, the Gentle-
man waiS immediately fent out of the Kingdom, un-
der the Formality ot a temporary and fhort Banifh-
ment, and the Lady commended to her Friends, to
be taken Care of till her Delivery ; and from that
Time never Word more Ipoken of the Bufinels, nor
Ihall their Names ever come upon the Stage by any
Record of mine : It was only obferved, that at this
Time there was a great Change in the Friendfhips
of the Court, and in thofe of the Marquis of Ha^
fnilton^ who came now into the Queen's Confidence,
towards whom He had always been in great Jealou-
ly 5 and another Lady more appeared in View, who
had for the moft Part before continued behind the
Curtdn ; and who in few Years after came to a very
unhappy and untimely End.

Now after a Widowhood of near three Years,
Mr. Hyde inclined again to marry, which He knew
would be the moft grateful Thing to his Father (for
whom He had always a profound Reverence) He
could do ; and though He needed no other Motive
to it. He would often fay, that though He was now
called to the Bar, and entered into the Profcflion of
the Law, He was not fo confident of himfelf that
He fhould not ftart afidc, if his Father fhould die,
who was then near feventy Years of Age, having
long entertained Thoughts of Travels, but that He
thought it neceffary to lay fome Obligation upon
himfelf, which would fupprefs and reftrain all thofe
Appetites ; and thereupon refolved to marry, and
fb being about the Age of twenty four Years, in the Hisficond
Year of our Lord 1632, He married the Daughter ^'"""^'^

of

i6 rhe L I F E of Parti.

of Sir Thomas A^lejbury Baronet, Matter of Requefts (9)
to the King, by whom He had many Children of
both Sexes, with whom He lived very comfortably
in the moft uncomfortable Times and very joyfully
in thofe Times when Matter of Joy was adminifter-
cd, for the Space of five or fix and thirty Years ;
what befell him after her Death will be recounted
in its Place. From the Time of his Marriage He
laid afide all other Thoughts but of his Profeflion,
to the which He betook himfelf very ferioufly ; but
in the very Entrance into it. He met with a great
Mortification,

Some Months after He was married. He went
with his Wife to wait upon his Father and Mother
at his Houfe at Pirtottj to make them Sharers in
that Satisfaftion which They had fo long defired
to fee, and in which They took great Delight.
His Father had long fuffered under an Indifpofi-
tion (even before the Time his Son could remem-
ber) which gave him rather frequent Pains than
Sicknefs ; and gave him Caufe to be terrified with
the Expeftation of the Stone, without being exer-
cifed with the prefent Senfe of it; but from the
trime He was fixty Years of Age, it ipcreafed very
much, and four or five Years before his Death,
with Circumftances fcarce heard of before, and the
Caufes whereof are not yet underftood by any Phy-
fician ; He was very often, both in the Day and the
Night, forced to make Water, feldom in any Quan-
tity, becaufe He could not retain it long enough,
and in the Clofe of that Work, without any (harp
Pain in thofe Parts, He was ftill and conftantly
feized on by fo fliarp a Pain in the left Arm, for
Half a Quarter of an Hour, or near fo much, that
the Torment made him as paie (whereas He was
otherwife of a very fanguine Complexion) as if He
were dead; and He ufed to fay, "that He had
** palled the Pangs of Death, and He fhould die in

" one

Part I. Edward Eari gf Clarendon. ij

*' one of thofe Fits ;" as foon as it was over, which
was quickly. He was thecheerfullefl Man living.;
eat well fuch Things as He could fancy, walked^
flept, digefted,^ converfed with fuch a Promptnefs
and Vivacity upon all Arguments (for He was om-
nifariam do^usj as hath been feldom known in a
Man of his Age : But He had the Image of Death
fo conftantly before him in thofe continual Tor-
ments, that for many, Years before his Death He
always parted with his Son, as to fee him no more ;
and at Parting ftill ftiewed him his Will, difcourfing
very particularly and very cheerfully of all Things
He would have performed after his Death.

H E had for fome Time before refolved to leave «?* fatUrU
the Country^ and to fpend the Remainder of his JJSSIIIyr
Time in Salijburyy where He had caufed a Hqufe to
be provided for him, both for th^ Neighbourhood of
the Cathedral Church, where He could perform his
Devotions every Day, and for the Converfatiqn of
many of his Family who lived there, and not far
from it ; . apd, ei^P^cially that He might be buried
there, whfere many of his Family and Friends lay ;
and He obliged his Son to accompany him thither
before his Return to London ; and He came to Sfalif-
bury on the Friday before M^baelmafs Day in' the
Year 1632, and lodged in his , own Houfe that
Night ; the next Day He was' fo wholly taken, up
in receiving Vifits from his many Friends, being a
Perfon wonderfiiUy reverenced in thofe Parts, that
He walked very little .out of his Houfe, The next
Morning, being Sunday^ He rofc.very early, and,
went to two or- three Churches, and when He re-
turned, which was by eight of the Clock, He told
his Wife and Jbis Son, " that He had been to logk
*'out a Place to be buried in, but found none,
"againft which He had not r fome Exception, the
** Cathedral only excepted, where he had made
J* Choice of a Place near a "Kiqiinan of his own

yoLI. B "Name,

l8 ^The L 1 F E of Parti.

**^N*ine, and had flicwcd it to the Sexton, whom(i
•* He had lent for to that Purpofe ; and wifhed thcrtfx
•* to fee him bxiried Acre ;** and this ^^jfe as much
Compofednefs of NCnd as if it had m9^ no Im-
t)relfion on him ; then went to the CatfiBWal to Ser-
mon, and fycM. the whole Day in as cheerful Con-
verfaiion with his Friends (faving only the frequent
Interruptions his Infirmity gave him once in two or
three Hours, ibmetimes more, ibmetimes lefs ) as
the Man in the moft confirmed Health could do^
Monday was Michaelmafs Day, when in the Morning
He went to vifit his Brother Sir Laurence ffyde^ who
was then making a Journey in the Service of the
King, and from him went to the Church to a Ser-
mon, where He found himfelf a littlfe prefTed as He
fried to be, and therefore thought fit to make what
Hafle He could to his Houle, and was no fooner
tome thither into a lower Room, than having made
Water, and the Pain in his Arm fcizine upon him,
dtiVeah. jjg fgij down dead, without the leafl Ntotion of any
Limb : The Suddennefs of it made it apprehended
to be an Apoplexy, but there being Nothing like
Convulfions, or the leaft Diftortion or Alteration in
the Vifagp, it is not like to be from that Caufe, nor
could the Phyficians make any reafbnable Guels
from whence that mortal Blow proceeded. He
- Wanted about fix Weeks of attaining the Age of fe-
venty, and was the greateft Infbmce of the Felicity
of a Country Life that was Icen in that Age ; hav-
ing enpoyed a competent, and to him a plentiful
Fortune, a very great Reputation of Piety and Vir-
tw, and his Death being attended with univerfal
Liamentation. It cannot be es^refled with what A-*
gony his Son bore this Lofs, having as He was vikd
to fay, " not only loft die befl: Famer, but the beft
^ Friend and the beft Companion He ever had or
•* could have ;" and He was never fo well pleafed,
in when He had fit Occafions given him to mentioA
■<■' his

Part I. Edward Earl ^Clarendon. jgf

his Father, whom He did in Trudi believe to hs
the wiieft Man He had ever known> and He was
often heard to fay, in the Time when hjs ConditiQA
was at highefl:, ^^ that though God Almighty had
** been very propitious to him in raifing him to
•* great Honours and Preferments, He did not value
** any Honour He had fo much, as the being the
** Son of fuch a Father and Mother, for whofe Sakn
^^ principally He thought God had conferred (hofe
** Bleflings upon him."

T H £ R £ fell out at this Time or thereabouts, |i
great Alteration in the Court and State, by the
Death of the Earl of PcrilanJ, Lord High Treafu-
rer of England. The King from the Death of the
Duke of Buckingham had not only been very reier*
▼ed in his Bounty, but fo ^ugal in his own Exr
penie, that He had retrenched much of wh;U 1^4
formerly ifliied out for his Hpuihold, inipo)^ ^
every Year fomewhat had been paid of has Diebts^
He refolved now to govern his Treafury by Com*
million, and to take a CQnftant Account of if: ; ^n^
thdrdby to difcover what had bten of late done
amils : The Comrpiflioners He appointed were thf ^T'^
Lord Archbifh(^ qf Canterbury Dr. Laudj (forme^iy ^'j^^
Bilhop of Londim) the Ijord Keeper Cavenfry^ ^ft^ mifimn^
Other principal Officers of State, who |;o^thei; witj^
die I^ofd Coningtm (who was Chan(cdlor of the Ex-
chequer, aiid by his OfEoe of the Quorum ;n thaf:
Conuniffion) were to fiapply the Qfiice of Treaftiref:
in all Particulars, The ArchbUhop of Canierbf^^
who till now had only ijtitended the gpo4 Goycrnr
ment of the Church, widuHit intermeddling in fer
oilar Afiairs, otherwife than when the Difeipline of
die Church was iconcejrnjed^ in whidi He was very V^^^
flria:, both in the high Commiffion and in all other u^htt.
Places where He lat as a privy CoynjfeHqr, wefl
f(H-efeeing, as He made ss^nifeft upon feyeral pc-
pafioos, Che Growdiiof ^Sckf/mstukf^ »nd.thatif

B a They

\lo . ^e L i F E of ' Parti.

They were not with Rigour fuppreffed, They would ('»
put the whole Kingdom into a Flame, which (hort-
\j after fell out to be too confefled a Truth j though
Tor the prefent his Providence only fcrved to increafe
the Number of his Enemies, who had from that his
Zeal contrafted all the Malice againft him that cart
be imagined, and which He, out of the Confcience
of his Duty, and the Purity of his Intentions^ and
his Knowledge of the King's full Approbation of
his Vigilance and Ardour, too much undervalued j
I fay, as foon as He was made Commiflioner of the
Treaiury, He thought himfelf obliged to take all
the Pains He could to underftand that Employment,
and the Nature of the Revenue, and to find out all
poiTible Ways for the Improvement thereof, and for
the prefent Managery of the Expenfe. Many were
of Opinion that He was the more folicitous in that
Difquifition, and the more inquifitive into what had
been done, that He might make fome Difcovery of
paft Aftions, which might refleft upon the Memo-
ry of the late Treafurer, the Earl of Portland^ and
call his Wifdom and Integrity in Queftion, who had
, been io far from being his Friend, That He had
always laboured to do him all the Mifchief He
• -"'" could, and it was no fmall Grief of Heart to him,
and much Occafion pf hi& ill Humour, to find that
the Archbifliop had too much Credit with the King,
to be fliaken by him y and the Archbifliop was not
in his AfFedions behind hand with him, looking al-
ways upon him as a Roman Catholick^ though He
diflembled it by going to Church ^ and as the great
Countenancer and Support of that Religion ; all his
Family being of that Profelfion, and very few re*
forting to it, or having any Credit with him but
fuch : It is very true, the Archbifliop had no great
Regard for his Memory, or for his Friends, and
was willing enough to make any Difcovery of his
Miicarriages, and to inform his Majefly of them,

who

PartL Edward fi^/g/'CLARENDoN. ^i

who He believed had too good an Opinion of him
and his Integrity.

The Truth is, the Archbifliop had laid down
one Principle to himfelf, which He believed would
much advance the King's Service, and was without
Doubt very prudent ; that the King's Duties being
provided for, and cheerfully paid, the Merchants
Ihouki receive all the Countenance and Proteftion
from the King that They could expeft ; and not be
liable to the Vexation particular Men gave them for
their private Advantage -, being forward enough to
receive Propofitions which tended to the King^s Pro-
fit, but careful that what accrued of Burthen to the
Subjedt, fhould redound entirely to the Benefit of
the Crown, and not enrich Projectors at the Charge
of the People ; and there is Reafon to believe that
if this Meafure had been well obferved, much of
that Murmur had been prevented, which contribu-
ted to that Jealouly and Difcontent which foon af-
ter brake out. This Vigilance and Inclination in
the Archbilhop, opened a Door to the Admiflion of
any Merchants or others to him, who gave him In-
formation of this Kind 5 and who being ready to
pay any Thing to the King, defired only to be pro-
tedled from private Oppreflions. The Archbifhop
ufed to ipend as much Time as He could get at
his Country Houfe at Croydon^ and then his Mind
being unbent from Bufinefs, He delighted in the
Converiapion of his Neighbours, and treated them
with great Urbanity.

There was a Merchant of the greateft Reputa-
tion, (Daniel Harvey) who having a Country Houfc
within the Diftance of a few Miles fi-om Croydon^
and underftanding the whole Bufinefe of Trade more
cxaftly than moft Men, was always very welcome
to the Archbifhep, who ufed to afk him many
Queftions upon fuch Matters as He defired to be
wormed in ; and received much Satisfaction from

B 3 ' him*

ti ^e t I F E of Parti.

ium. tJpon an accidental Difcourfe between thcm,(ii
what Encouragement Merchants ought to receive,
^ho brought a great Trade into the Kingdom, and
paid thereupon great Sums of Money to the King,
J^;^^ Mr. Hary^ mentioned the Difcouragcments They
fimwttotht had received in the late Tifties, by the Rigour of
^^^^Jjr^^the Earl of Portland^ in Matters that related no-
Fwtiand. thing to the King's Service, but to the Profit of
private Men ; and thereupon remembered a Parti-
cular, that, after the Diflblution of the Parliament
in the fourth Year of the King, and the Combina-
tion amongft many Merchants to pay no more Cuf-
toms or Impofitions to the King, becaule They had .
not been granted in Parliament, which produced
thofe Suits and Decrees in the Exchequer, which
arc generally underftood, and a general Diftraftion
in Trade ; many Merchants of toe greateft Wealth
and Reputation refolycd to continue the Trade;
and in a fhort Time reduced it into fo good Order,
and by their Advice and Example difpofed others
to make a puriftuarEntry of their Goods, and to pay
their Duties to the King, that the Trade feemed to
be rcftored to the Nation, and the Cuftoms to rife
above the Value They had ever yielded to the Crown;
which was no fooher brought to pafs, than the
Earl of Portland {who^tndc^vomed to perfuade the
King that this great Work was entirely compaflfed
by his Wifdom, Intereft, and Dexterity) difobliged
the Merchants in a very fchfible Degree, in requi-
ring them to unlade their Ships at the Cuftom-
Houfe Quay, and at no other Quay or Wharf, up*
6n Pretence that thereby the King would have his
Cuftoms well paid, of which otherwife He would
be in Danger to be cozened ; and alleged an Or-
der that had been fornierly made in the Court of
the Exchequer, that fine Goods which were porta-
ble (as Silks and fine Linens) and niight eafily be
ftolen, flxould alwa^ys be landed at the Cuftorti-

Houfe

Parti; EDW^ARtfE^/jg/^CiAfcENBON* gj^

HovSk Quay : The Merchants looked upon thil
Conftraint and Reftraint as a great C^preffion, and
apfdiied themfelyes to him for Reparation and Re*
drels ; They undertook to make it evident to him»
that it was merely a Matter which concerned the
private Benefit of the particular Wharfingers, and
not in the lea^ Degree the King's Profit ; that the
Cuilom-Houfe Quay was of great Value to the
Owner of it, who had a very great Rent for it, but
that it yielded the King nothing, nor would in fifty
Years or thereabouts, there being a Leafe yet to
come for that Term ; that the Mention of fine
Goods, and the Order of the Exchequer, was not
applicable to the Qucftion ; that They dilputed not
the JLanding of fine Goods, but that the Pretence
was to conipel them to bring their grofleft, and
their Merchandife of the greateft Bulk to that
Quay, whereas They had been always free to (hip
or unihip fuch Goods at what Wharf They woukt
chooie for their Conveniences -, there beins the fwom
Waiters of the Cuftom-Houfe attending in the one^
as well as the other; that the reftraining them to
one Wharf, and obliging all the Ships to be brought
thither, mull prove much to their Prejudice, and
make them depend upon the good Will of the
Wharfir^r for then: Diipatch, who in Truth, let
his Defire be never fo good, could not be aUe to
perform the Service, without obliging them to watt
very long, and thereby to loie thdr Markets : All
this Difcourfe, how reaibnable foever, made no Im**
prefllon upon the Treafurer, but He difmifled them
with his ufual Roughneft, and reproached them
that They defired all Occafions to cozen the King
of his Cufloms ; which They looked upon as an iU
Reward for the Service They had done, and a great
Diicouragement to Trade. Thq Aschbifhop heard
this Difcourfe with great Trouble and Indignation,
and being then into'rupted by the Coming of Per-

B 4 fons

84 ^The L 1 F E of Part I.

fons of Quality, told him. He would fome oiher(i3)
Time run over all thefe Earticulars again, and that
He Ihould recolleft himfelf for other Inftances of
that ftrahge Nature.

The next Time the Archbifhop returned to Croy^
doffy which He ufually did once in the Week during
the Summer, and ftaid a Day or two, impatient to
underftand more of the Matter, He fent for Mr.
Harveyj and told him, " that his laft Difcourfe had
•* given him much Caufe of Sorrow, in finding how
** the King had been ufed, and that He knew his
** Nature fo well, that He could confidently fay,
•* that He never knew of that Kind of Proceeding,
•* and that He wondered that the Merchants had
** not then petitioned- the King, to hear the Matter
« himfelf:*' He anfwered, « that They had left no
•' Way unattempted for their Eafe, having no Fear
** of difpleafing the Treafurer ; that They had caufed
*' a Petition to be drawn by their Council, which was
•* figned by all the principal Merchants in the City,
•* wherein (to obviate the Calumny concerning refu-
•* fing to pay,or ftealing Cuftoms)They declared,that
•* They were all very willing to pay all Duties to his
** Majefly, and would never refufe the fame, (which
•* was a Declaration would have been much valued
** a Year or two before, and ought to have been fo
** then) only defired to be left at Liberty to Ihip
** and land their Goods as They had been accuftom-
•* cd to ; that They had given this Petition to a Se-
** cretary of State to prefent it to the King, who
*^ referred it to the Confideration of the Treafurer ;
** and thereupon They purfued it no further, know-
•* ing how He flood refolved, and the Caufe of it,
•* which troubled them moft, viz. that that Cuf.
•*tom-Houfe Quay did, though not in his own
** Name, in Truth belong to Sir Abraham Dawes j
** one of the Farmers of the Cuftoms, and the only
V Favourite of the Lord Treafurer, all the other

" Farmers

Part I. Edward Earl ^Clarendon. 2§

** Farmers being offended with the Order, which

" They faw would offend the Merchants :'* The

Archbifhop afked " where that Petition was, that

" He thought it ftill of that Moment that He

" would be glad to fee it :" He anfwered, ** He

** knew not where it was ; but He believed it to re-

" main in the Hands of Mn Hyde^ who had drawn it,

" and was of Council with the Merchants through-

" out the whole Proceedings ; and was fo warm in

" it, that He had exceedingly provoked the Lord

"Treafurer, who would have ruined him if He

" could :*' He afked who that Mr. Hyde was, and

where He was ; the other faid, " He was a young a*-. Hamy

*^ Lawyer of the Middle Temple, who was not afraid h^^^*

"of being of Council with them, when all Men oi jMJnpp.

" Name durfl not appear for them ; and that He

" was confident that He, having been always pre-

" fent at all Debates, remembered manyCircumftan-

" ces in the Bufinefs which the other had forgotten;

" that He was generally known; and had lately mar-

" ried the Daughter of S\x Thomas Aylejbury^*

Within a few Days after, the Archbifhop meet-
ing Sir Thomas Aylejbury at Court, afked him whe-
ther He had married his Daughter to one Mr. Hyde
a Lawyer, and where He was ; He anfwered. He
had done fo, and that He lived in his Houfe, when
He was not at his Chamber in the Middle Temple:
The Archbifhop defired him to fend him to Him,
for He heard well of him ; and the next Morning
He attended him, and found him walking alone in Mr.^y^
his Garden 2X.Lambeth\ He received him civilly ac- "^^-^
cording to his Manner, without much Ceremony ; '
and prefently afked him, whether He had not been
of Council with fome Merchants in fuch a Bufinefs,
and where that Petition now was; He anfwered
him, not knowing why He afked, " that He had
" been about two Years pafl, of Council with fome
^ Merchants about fuch an Affair, in which the Earl

"of

S6 rbe L I F E tf f artX

^ of Portland had been much incenfed againft him }(&
** that He remembrcd He had drawn fuch a Peti*
*<tion, which was ligned by all the confiderabk
^^ Merchants pf LondoHj but that there was little
** Progrefs made thereupon, by Reafon of the Af»
« perity of the Treafurer ;'* He afked ftill for the
Petition that was fo figned ; He told him. He
thought He had it himfelf ; i He hsd it not. He
was confident He could find who had it: He defi*
red him, that He would find it out, and bring it to
him, and any other Papers concerning that Affair^
or die Bufinefs of the Cuftoms : He faid, " the
*^ King had, contrary to his Defire, made him one
•*.Qf the Commiflloners of the Treafury ; that He
^^underftood nothing of that Province, but was
** willing to take any Pains which might enable him
^^ to do his Mailer Service, which made him inqui^^
•* fitive into the Cuftoms, the. principal Branch of
•* the Revenue ; that his Neighbour Daniel Harvey
^* had ipoken much Good of him to Him ; and in«
•* formed him of that Complaint of the Merchants^
** which He thought had much Reafon in it, but it
** was like other Ads of the Earl of Partland\ that
** He would be willing to receive any Information
** from him, and that He ftiould be welcome when
*' He came to him/* He told him, in fhort (which
He heard would pkafe him beft) two or three Paf-
(ages that happened in that Tranfadtion ; and fome
haughty Expreffions which fell from the Treafurer,
when upon his urging that the Farmers would not
hold their Farm, if He did not ftridlly hold the
Merchants to Cuftom-Houfe Quay ; He told him,
•* that if the Farmers were weary of their Bargain,
^^ He would help theEling to forty thouland Pounds
"a Year above the Rent They paid, and that They
^^ ihould be paid all the Money They had advanced
" within one Week ;** upon which the Earl indeed
had let himiclf out into an indecent Rage, ufing

many

P«tl* Edward JEtfr/j/'CLAkENDON. t;?

manyThreaU toiiim; which He found was not in«
grateful to the Archblfhop^ upon whom He attend^
ed within a Day or two again, and delivered him
the Petition) and many other ufeful Papers, which
pleafed him abundantly ; and He required him to
lee him often.

By this Accident Mr^Hyde came firft to be known
to the Archbifhop) who ever afterwards \ifcd him
very kindly, and fpoke well of him upon all Occa^
lions, and took jparticular Notice of him when He
tame of Council in any Caufes depending at the
Council B^ard, as He did frequently ; and defined his
Service in many Occafions, and particularly in the
raifing Monies for the building St. FauTs Church,
in which He made a Journey or two into fFiltJhire
with good Succefs ; which the ArchbilHop ftill ac-
knowledged, in a more obliging Way than He was
accuftomed to ; infomuch as it was fo much taken
Notice of, that Mr, Hyde (who welt knew how to
cultivate thofe Advantages) was ufed with more^-^'**
Countena6cc by all the Judges in Weftminfter-HaU^ 7^LJ^
and the eminent Pra£Hfers, than was ufually given ^^M^
to Men of his Years -, fo that He grew every Day
in Pradlice, of which He had as much as He defi-
red, and having a compeljfcnt Eftate of his own. He
enjoyed a very pleafant dftd a plentiful Life, living
much above the Rank of thofe Lawyers, whofe Bu-
finefs was only to be rich; and was generally be-
Idvcd and efteemed by moft Pcrfons of Condition
and great Reputation, Though He purfued his
Profeflion with great Diligence and Intentnefs of
Mind, and upon the Matter wholly betook himfelf
to Bufihefs,^ yet He made not himfelf a Slave to it ;
but kept both his Friends at Court, and about the
Town, by his frequent Application and conftant
Converfation'; in Order to which, He always gave His moM
himfelf at Dinner to thctfc who ufed to meet toge- ^;^^
ther at thftt Hour, ftqd in fucb Places as was mu-

tually

28 He L IF E of Parti.

tually agreed between them ; where They enjoyed (i.
themfelves with great Delight, and publick Repu-
tation, for the Innocence, and Sharpnefs, and Learn-
ing pf their Converfation : For He would never fuf-
fer himfelf to be deprived of fome Hours (which
commonly He borrowed from the Night) to refrelh
himfelf with polite Learning, in which He ftill made
fome Progrefs : The Afternoons He entirely dedi-
cated to the Bufinefs of his Profeffion, taking In-
ftruftions and the like ; and very rarely fupped, ex-
cept He was called out by fome of his Friends, who
Ipared him the more, becaufe He always complied
with thofe Summons ; otherwife He never fupped,
for many Years (before the Troubles brought in that
Cuftom) both for the gaining that Time for himfelf,
and that He might rife early in the Morning ac-
cording to his Cuftom, and which He would fay.
He could never do when He fupped. The Vaca-
tions He gave wholly to his Study and Converfa-
tion, never going out of London in thofe Seafons,
except for two Months in the Summer, which He
%ent at his own Houfe in the Country, with great
Gheerfulnefs amongft his Friends, who then refort-
ed to him in good Numbers.

He never did ride any Country Circuits with the
Judges, which He often repented afterwards, fay-
ing, that befides the knowing the Gentry, and Peo-
ple, and Manners oi England (which is beft attain-
ed that Way) there is a very good and neceflary
Part of the Learning in the Law, which is not fo
eafily got any other Way, as in riding thofe Cir-
cuits, which as it feems to have much of Drudgery,
ib is accompanied with much Pleafure and Profit ;
and it may be, the long Lives of Men of that Pro-
feffion (for the Lawyers ufually live to more Years
than any other Profeffion) may very reafonably be
imputed to the Exercife They give themfelves by
their Circuits, as weU.as to their other Afts of Tem-
perance

Part L Edwaro Earl gf Clarendon. ag

perance and Sobriety : And as He had denied him-
felf that Satisfa6lion purely to have that Time to
hinifclf for other Delight, foHe did refolve, if the
Confufion of the Time had not furprifed him, for
three or four Years, (longer He did not intend) to
have improved himfelf by the Experience of thofe '
Journies.

H E was often heard to fay, that, " next the im-
" mediate Bleffing and Providence of God Almigh-.
" ty, which had prefervcd him throughout the whole
" Courfe of his Life (lefs ftridt than it ought to have
" been) from many Dangers and Difadvantages, in
" which many other young Men were loft. He ow-
^ ed all the little He knew, and the little Good
" that was in hini, to the Friendfhips and Conver*
*' fation He had ftill been ufed to, of the moft ex-
" cellent Men in their feveral Kinds that lived in
" that Age ; by- whofe Learning, and Information,
'' and Inftruftion, He formed his Studies, and mend-
*' ed his Underftanding ; and by whole Gentleneft
*' and Sweetnefs of Behaviour, and Juftice, and Vir-
** tue, and Example, He formed his Manners, fub-
•* dued that Pride, and fupprefled that Heat and Paf-
** fion He was naturally inclined to be tranfportcd
*' with/' And He never took more Pleafure in any
Thing, than in frequently mentioning and naming
thofe Perfons, who were then his Friends, or of his
moft: familiar Converfation ; and in remembring
their particular Virtues and Faculties; and ufed of-
ten to fay, " that He never was fo proud, or thought
" himfelf fo good a Man, as when He was the worft
** Man in the Company ;" all his Friends and Com-
panions being in their Quality, in their Fortunes,
at leaft in their Faculties and Endowments of Mind,
very much his Superiours ; and He always charged
his Children to follow his Example in that Point, in
making their Friendftiips and Converfation-, proteft-
ing, that in the whole Courfe of his Life, He ne-
ver

30 nit I I F E qf Partt

wr knew one Man, of what Gondition foevcr, ar*
rive to any Degree of Reputation in the World, who
made (;hoice or delighted in the Company or Con^(i<
verfation of thofe, who in their Qualities were infer
Hour, or in their Parts not much fuperiour tohimfelf.
^fST Whilst He was only a Student of the Law,
^^aintLe$ and flood at Gaze, and irrefolute what Courfe of
fiyjfL^rJf ^^^ ^ tski^^ his chief Acquaintance were Bm.Jobn-
'^^ fin^J^bn Seldeiff Charles Cottony John Vaugbany Sir
KtnelmDigbyy Thomas May y Bxidf bomas Car ewy and
fome others of eminent Faculties in their feveral
Ways. J?^, 7^i&;j/^»V Name can never be forgotten,
having by his very good Learning, and the Severi-
ty of his Nature and Manners, very much reform-
ed the Stage-, and indeed thtEngliJb Poetry itfelf:
gp^jY His natural Advantages were. Judgment to order
ion." ^ ' and govern Fancy, rather than ^cceis of Fancy, his
Frodu&ions being flow and upon Deliberation, yet
then abounding with great Wit and Fancy, and will
live accordin^y ; and furely as He did exceedingly
exalt the Engiyh Language in Eloquence, Proprie-^
ty, and mafculine Expreffions ^ {o He was the beft
Judge of, and fitteft to prefcribe Rules to Poetry '
and Poets, of any Man who had lived with, or be-
fore him, or iince: If Mn Cowley had not made a
JFlight beyond all Men, with that Modefly yet, to
afcribe much of this, to the Example and Learning
C^ Ben. John/on. His Converfation was very good,
and with the Men of mo(t Note ; and He had for
many Years an extraordinary Kindnefs fofr Mr. Hyde^
till He found He betook himfelf to Bufmefs, which
He believed ought never to be preferred before his
Company : He lived to be very old, and lill the
Palfy made a deep Impreflion upon his Body, and
his Mind.
^». w- Mr. Selden was a Perfon, whom no Gharader
can flatter, or tranfmit in any Exprefllons equal to
his Merit and Virtue ^ He was of fb fliupendous

Learning

Part I. Edward Earl ^ Clarendon. 3 1

Learning in all Kinds, an4 in all Languages (as
may appear in his excellent and tranfcendent Wri«
tin^) that a Man would haye thought He had been
entirely converiant amongft Books, and had never
J|>ent an Hour but in Reading and Writing ; yet
his Humanity, Courtefy, and Affability was fuch,
that He would have been thought to have been
bied in the beft Courts, but that his good Na-
ture, Cteuity, and Delight in doing good, and in
communicating all He knew, exceeded that Breed*
ing : His Stile in all his Writings feems har(h and
Ibmetimes obfcure ; which is not wholly to be im*
puted to the abftrufe Subjefls of which He com-
thonly treated, out of the raths trod by other Men ;
but to a little undervaluing the Beauty of a Stile,
and too much Propenfity to the Language of Anti-
quity \ but in his Converiation He was the moft
clear I^ifcourier, and had the beft Faculty in making
hard Things eaiy, and prefenting them to the Un-
derftanding, of any Man that hath been known.
Mr, Hjic was wont to fay, that He valued himfelf
upon nothing more than upon having Had Mr, SeU
tktfs Acquaintance from the Time He was very
young ; and held it with great Delight as long as
ITiey were fufFercd to conunue together in Lomoh 5
zhd He was very much troubled always when He
heard him blamed, cenfured, and reproached, for
fbying inL^i^ff, and in the Parliament, after They
were in Rebellion, and in the worft Times, which
his Age obliged him to do ; and how wicked fo-
ever tne A^Hons were, which were every Day done.
He was confident He had not given his Confent to
them ; but would have hindered them if He could,
with his own Safety, to which He was dways
enou]^ indulgent. If He had fome Infirmities
with other Men, They were weighed down with
wonderful and prodigious Abilities and Excellen-
cies in the other Scale.

Charles

32 ne fs 1 F E of \ Parti;

o/iMi-.Cot. Charles GotTOKr was a Gentleman born to a(»7
^^ .compet;ent Fortune, and fo qualified in his Perfon.
and Education, that for many Years He continued
the greateft Ornament of the Town, in the Efteem
of thofe who had been beft bred : His natural Parts
were very great. Ibis Wit flowing in all the Parts of
Converfation -, the Superllrudlure of Learning not
raifed to a confiderable Height, but having jpafled
fome Years in Cambridge^ and then in France^ and
converfing always with learned Men, his Expreffions
were ever proper, and fignificant, and gave great
Luftre to his Difcourfe, upon any Argument ; fo
that He was thought by thofe who were not inti-
mate with him, to have been much better acquaint-
ed with Books than He was. He had all thofe Qua-?
lities which in Youth raife Men to the Reputation
of being fine Gentlemen *, fuch a Pleafantnefs and
Gaiety of Humour, fuch a Sweetnefs and Gentle*,
nefs of Nature, and fuch a Civility and Delightful-. ^
nefs in Converfation, that no Man in the Court, or
out of it, appeared a more accomplilhed Perfon ;
all thefe extraordinary Qualifications being fupport-
ed by as extraordinary a Clearnefs of Courage, and
Fearleffnefs of Spirit, of which He gave too oftea
Manifeftation. Some unhappy Suits in Law, and
Wafte of his Fortune in thofe Suits, made fome
Impreflion upon his Mind ; which being improved
by domeftick AfBiftions, and thofe Indulgences to
himfelf, which naturally attend thofe Afiliftions,
rendered his Age lefs reverenced, than his Youth
had been \ and gave his beft Friends Caufe to have
wifhed, that He had not lived fo long.
^f^' John Vaughan was then a Student of the Law

*^*^ in the Inner Temple^ but at that Time indulged more
to the politer Learning ; and was in Truth a Man
of great Parts of Nature, and very well adorned by
Arts and Books ; and fo much cheriflied by Mr. SeU
den^ that He grew to be of entire Truft and Friend-

fliip

Parti. EDWARpE^/g^CLAREMDON. 33

fhip with him, and to that owed the beft Part of .
hi§ Reputation ; for He was of fo magifterial and
fupercilious a Humour, fo proud and infolent a Be-
haviour, that all Mr. Seldetfs Inftrudions, and Au-
thority, and Example, could not file off that Rough-
nefs of his Nature, fo as to make him very grate-
ful. He looked moft into thofe Parts of the Law,
which difpofed him to leaft Reverence to the Crown,
and moft, to popular Authority ; yet without Incli-
nation to any Change in Government ; and there-
fore, before the Beginning of the Civil War, and
when He clearly difcerned the Approaches to it in
Parliament, (of which He was a Member) He with-
drew himfelf into the Faftnefles of his own Country,
North Wales^ where He enjoyed a fecure, and as
near an innocent Life, as the Iniquity of that Time
would permit ; and upon the Return of King Charles
the Second He appeared under the Charader of a
Man, who had preferved his Loyalty entire, and
was efteemed accordingly by all that Party.

His Friend Mr. Hyde^ who was then become
Lord High Chancellor of England^ renewed his old
Kindnefs and Friendfhip towards him, and was de-
firous to gratify him all the Ways He could, and
earneftly preiBfed him to put on his Gown again,
and take upon him the Office of a. Judge ; but He
excufed himfelf upon his long Difcontinuance (hav-
ing not worn his Gown, and wholly difcontinued
the Profeffion from the Year 1640, full twenty
Years ) and upon his Age, and exprefsly reflifed to
receive any Promotion ;. but continued all the Pro-
feffions of Refpedt apd Gratitude imaginable to the
Chancellor, till it was in his Power to manifeft th^

, contrary, to his Prejudice, which He did with Cir-
cumftances very uncommendable.

<>^^ S I R Kenelm IHgby was a Perfon very eminent and of Sir Kt-
notorious throughout the whole Courfe of his Life, '^'^^^^^
from his Cradle to his Grave 5 of an antient Fami-
Vol.L C ly

54 ^The I, I F E of Part I.

Jy and noble Extradtion ; and inherited a fair and
plentiful Fortune, notwithftanding the Attainder of
his Father. He was a Man of a very extraordinary
Perfpn and Prefence, which drew the Eyes of all
Men upon him, which were more fixed by a won-
derful graceful Behaviour, a flowing Courtefy and
Civility, and fuch a Volubility of Language, as fur-
prifed, and delighted ; and though in another Maa
it might have appeared to have foqiewhat of Affec-
tation, it was marvellous graceful in him, and feem-
ed natural to his Size, and Mould of his Perfon, to
the Gravity of his Motion, and the Tune of his
Voice and Delivery. He had a fair Reputation in
Arms, of which He gave an early Teflimony in. his
Youth, in fome Encounters in Spain^ and Itaiy^ and
afterwards in an Aftion in the Mediterranean Sea,
where He had the Command of a Squadron of Ships
pf War let out at his own Charge under the King's
Commiflion-, with which, upon an Injury received,
or apprehended from the Venetians^ He encounter-
ed their whole Fleet, killed many of their Men,
and funk one of their Galeafles •, which in that drow-
fy and una£live Time was looked upon with a ge-
neral Eflimation„ though the Crown difavowed it.
In a Word, He had all the Advantages that Na-
ture, and Art, and an excellent Education could
give him, which, with a great Confidence and Pre-
fentnefs of Mind, buoyed him up againft all thoie
Prejudices, and Difadvantages, (as the Attainder
and. Execution of his Father for a Crime of the
higheft Nature; his own Marriage with a Lady,
though of an extraordinary Beauty, of as extraordi-
nary a Fame; his changing, and re-changing hi$
Religion ; and fome perfonal Vices, and Licenfes in
his Life) which would have fupprefled and funk any
other Man, but never clouded or eclipfed him, from
aj^aring in the beft Places, and the beft Company,
and with the befl Eftimation and Satisfa&ion.

Thomas

Part I. Edward JB^r/ 5^ Clarendon. 35

Thomas May was the eldeft Son of his Father, ofi^.nuf.
a Knight, and born to a Fortune, if his Father had
not Ipent it ; fo that He had only an Annuity left
him, not proportionable to a liberal Educatbn ; yet
fince his Fortune could not raife his Mind, He
brought his Mind down to his Fortune, by a great
Modefty and Humility in his Nature, which was
not afFedbed, but very well became an Intperfeftion
in his Speech, which was a great Mortification to
him, and kept him from entering upon any Dif-
courfe but in the Company of his very Friends.
His Parts of Nature and Art were very. good, a$
appears by his Tranflation of Lucan (none of the
eafieft Work of that Kind ) and more by his Sup-
plement ta LucaHy which being entirely his own,
for the Learning, the Wit, and the Language, may
he well looked upon as one of the beft Epic Poems
in the EngUJb Language ; He writ fome other com-
mendable Pieces of the Reign of fome of our
Kings ; He was cheriflied by many Perfons of Ho-
nour, and very acceptable in all Places-, yet (to
Ihcw that Pride and Envy have their Influences up-
on the narroweft Minds, and which have the great-
eft Semblan^ of Humility) though He had re*
ceived much Countenance, and a very confiderable
Donative from the King, upon his Majefty*s refu-
Cng to give him a fmall Penfion, which He had
defigned and promifed to another Very ingenious

. Peribn^ whofe Qualities He thought inferiour to his
own. He fdl from his Duty, and all his former
Fri€n^ ; aftd proftitdted himfclf to the vile Office
of celebrating the infamous Ads of thofe who were
in RebelFion againft the King; which He did ib
meanly, that He febu^ to all Men to have loft his

(»9) Wits, when He left his HOAefty ; and fo fhortly af-
ttf y died miferaUt aj^ fieglefted \ and deferves to
bb forgotttiD.

C 2 Thomas

S6 rhe L I F E of PartL

ofBirXt' Thomas Carew was a younger Brother of a
'^' good Family, and of excellent Parts, and had fpent*

many Years of his Youth in France^ and Italy \ and
returning from Travel, followed the Court ; which
the Modefty of that Time difpofed Men to do fome
Time, before They pretended to be of it ; and He
was wery much efteemed by the moft eminent Per-
fons in the Court, and well looked upon by the
King himfelf, fbme Years, before He could obtain
to be Sewer to the King ; and when- the King con-
ferred that Place upon him, it was not without the
Regret even of the whole Scotch Nation, which uni-
ted themfelves in recommending another Gentle-
nyin to it ; of fo great Value were thofe Relations
held in that Age, when Majefty was beheld with
the Reverence it ought to be. He was a Perfon of
a pleafant and facetious Wit, and made many Poems
(efpecialJy in the amorous Way) which for the
Sharpiiefs of the Fancy, and the Elegancy of the
Language, in which that Fancy was fpread, were at
Icaft equal, if not fuperiour to any of that Time :
But his Glory was, that after fifty Years of his Life
Ipent with lefs Severity or Exaftnefs than it ought
to have been. He died with the greaiift Remorfe
for that Litienfe, and with the greateft Manifefta-
tion of Chriftianity, that his beft Friends could de-
fire.

Among thefe Perfons Mr. Hyde^s ufual Time of
Converfation was Ipent, till He grew more retired
to his more ferious Studies, and never difcontinued
his Acquaintance with any of them, though He
fpent lefs Time in their Company ; only upon Mr.
Seldm He looked with fo much AfFedtion and Re-
verence, that He always thought himfelf beft, when
He was with him ; but He had then another Con-
junftion and Communication that He took fo much
Delight in, that He embraced it in the Time of his
greateft Bufinefs and Praftice^, and would fuffer no

other

Part L Edward Earl ^Clarendon. 37

other Pretence, or Obligation to withdraw him from
that Familiarity and Friendftiip ; and took frequent ^^'^/
Occafions to mention their Names with great Plea- ^Je immaa
fure •, being often heard to fay, " that if He had ^"•^^
** any Thing good in him, in his Humour, or in
" his Manners, He owed it to the Example, and
" the Information He had received in, and from
*' that Company, with moft of whom He had an
" entire Friendfliip :" And they were in Truth, in
their feveral Qualifications, Men of more than or-
dinary Eminence, before They attained the great
Preferments many of them lived to enjoy : The
Perfons were. Sir Lucm Carey, eldeft Son to the
Lord Vifcount Falkland^ Lord Deputy of Ireland',
Sir Francis IVmman of Oxford/hire ; Sidney Godolphin
oi Godolphin in Cornwall \ Edmund Waller of Beconf-
field I Dr, Gilbert Sheldon', Dr. George Morleyy Dr.
John Earles ; Mr. John Hales of Eton j and Mr. IVih
Uam CbillingworfL

With Sir Lucius Carey He had a moft entire ^^''Ludus
Friendftiip without Referve, from his Age of twen- ^'
ty Years, to the Hour of his Death, near twenty
Years after ; upon which there will be Occafion to
enlarge when We come to fpeak of tbaj: Tl^^j and
often before, and therefore We ftiaji fay no more of
him in this Place, than to ftiew his Condition, and
Qualifications, which were t^e firft Ingredients into
that Friendfliip, which wa5 afterwards cultivated,
and improved by a conftant Cony^atio^i ^pd Fa*
miliarity, apd by many Accidents which contribu-
ted thereto. He had the Advantage of a noble Ex-
tra^io^i, and of being born his Father's eldeft Son,
when there was a greater Fortune in Profped to be
inherited (befides what He might reafonably expedt
Mby his Mother) than came afterwards to his Poflef-
fion. His Education was equal to his Birth^ at leaft
in the Care, if not in the Climate ; for his Father
being Deputy of Irelmd^ before He was of Age fit

C 3 €0

38 The L I F E of Parti.

to be fent abroad, his Breeding was in the Court,
and in the Univeffity of Dublin \ but under the
Care, Vigilance, and Direftion of fuch Governors
and Tutors, that He learned all thofc Exercifes and
Languages, better than moft Men do in more ce-
lebrated Places 5 infomuch as when He came into
England^ which was when He was about the Age
of eighteen Years, He was not only Mailer of the
Latin Tongue, and had read all the Poets, and
other of the beft Authors with notable Judgment
for that Age, but He underftood, and Ipake, and
writ French^ as if He had Ipent many Years in
France.

H E had another Advantage, which was a great
Ornament to the reft, that was, a good, a plentiful
Eftate, of which He had the early Pofleflion. His
Mother was the fole Daughter and Heir of the
Lord Chief Baron Tanfield^ who having given a fair
Portion with his Daughter in Marriage, had kept
himfelf free to difpofe 6f his Land, and his other
Eftate, in fuch Manner as He ftiould think fit 5
and He fettled it in fuch Manner upon his Grand-
fdn Sir Lucius Carey^ without taking Notice of his
Father, or Mother, that upon his Grandmother's
Death, which fell out about the Time that He was
nineteen Years of Age, all the Land, with two Ve-
ry good Houfes very well furnifhed (worth above
£2000 per Annum) in a moft pleafant Country, and
the two moft pleafant Places in that Country, with
a very plentiful perfonal Eftate, fell into his Hands
and Pofleflion, and to his entire Difoofal.

With thefe Advantages, He had one great Dif-
advantage (which in the firft Entrance into the
World is attended with too much Prejudice) in his
Perfon and Prefence, which was in no Degree at-
traftive or promifing : . His Stature was low, and
fmaller than moft Men -, his Motion not graceful ;
and his Afpcdt fo fa? from inviting, that it had

fomc-

Part I. Edward Eij^r/ ^/^Clarendon. "31^

fomewhat in it of Simplicity ; and his Voice the
worft of the three, and fo untuned, that inftead of
reconciling, it offended the Ear, fo that Nobody
would have expefted Mufick from that Tongue;
and fure no Man was lefs beholden to Nature for itb
Recommendation into the World ; but then no Mah
fooner, or more difappointed this general and cuf-
"tomary Prejudice -, that little Perfon and fmall Sta-
ture was quickly found to contain a great Heart, A
Courage fo keen, and a Nature fo fearlefs, that no
Compofition of the ftrongcft Limbs, and mod har-*
(nonious and proportioned Prefence and Strength,
ever more difpofed any Man to the greateft Enter-
prize ; it being his gr^at^ft Weaknefs to be too fo-
licitous for fuch Adventures ; and that untuned
Tongue and Voice cafily difcovered itfelf to b*
fiipplied, and governed, by a Mind and Under-
ftanding fo excellent, that the Wit and Weight of
all He faid, carried another Kind of Luftre and
Admiration in it, and even another Kind of Ac-
ceptation from the Perfons prefent, than any Orna-
ment of Delivery could reafonably promife itfelf, or
is ufually attended with-, and his Difpofition and
Nature was fo gentle and obliging, fo much dc*.
lighted in Courtefy, Kindnefs, and Generofity, that
all Mankind could not but admire, and love him.

I N a (hort Time after He had Pofleflion of the
Eftate his Grandfather had left him, and before He
was of Age, He committed a Fault againft his Fa-^
ther, in marrying a young Lady, whom He pat
fionately loved, without any confiderablc Portion;
which exceedingly offended him : and difappointed
all his reafonable Hopes and Expectation, of re-
deeming and repairing his own broken Fortune^
»i)and defperate Hopes in Court, by fome advanta-
geous Marriage of his Son •, about which He had
then fome probable Treaty. Sir Lucius Carey was ve-
ry confoious to himfelf of his Offence and TranfgreC

C 4 fion,

40 "The L I F E of Parti.

iion, and the Confequence of it, which though He
could not repent, having married a Lady of a moft
extraordinary Wit, and Judgment, and of the moft
fignal Virtue, and exemplary Life, that the ^ Age
produced, and who brought him many hopeful
Children, in which He took great Delight ; yet He
confeflfed it, with the moft fincere and dutiful Ap-
plications to his Father for his Pardon, that could
be made j and for the Prejudice He had brought
upon his Fortune by bringing no Portion to him.
He offered to repair it, by refigning his whole Ef-
tate to his Difpofal, and to rely wholly upon his
Kindnefs for his own Maintenance and Support;
and to that Purpofe, He had caufed Conveyances
to be drawn by Council, which He brought ready
engrofled to his Father, and was willing to feal, and
execute them, that They might be valid ; but his
Father's Paffion and Indignation fb far tranfported
him (though He was a Gentleman of excellent
Parts,) that He refufed any Reconciliation, and re-
jedled all the Offers that were made him of the Ef-
tate ; fo that his Son remained ftill in the PoiTefTion
of his Eftate againft his Will •, for which He found
great Reafon afterwards to rejoice ; but He was for
the prefent, fo niuch affli(fted with his Father's Dif-
pleafure, that He tranfported himfelf and his Wife
into Holland, refolving to buy fome military Com-
mand, and to fpend the Remainder of his Life in
that Profeffion ; but being difappointed in the Trea-
ty He expedled, and finding no Opportunity to ac-
commodate himfelf with fuch a Command, He re-
turned again into England, refolying to retire to a
Country Life, and to his Books ; that fince He was
not like to improve himfelf in Arms, He might ad-
vance in Letters.

I N this Refolution He was fo fevere (as He was
always naturally very intent upon what He was in-^
clincd.to) that He declared, He would not fee Lon-
don

Part L Edward E^r/ ^/Clarendon. 41

don in many Years, which was the Place He loved
of dl the World -, and that in his Studies, He would
firft apply himfelf to the Greeks and puifue it with-
out Intermiffion, till He fliould attain to the full
Underftanding of that Tongue •, and it is hardly to
te credited, what Induftry He ufed, and what Suc-
ce(s attended that Induftry ; for though his Father's
Death, by an unhappy Accident, made his Repair
to London abfolutely neceflary, in fewer Years than
He had propofed for his Abfence ; yet He had firft
made himfelf Mafter of the Greek Tongue ( in the
Latin He was very well verfed before) and had read
not only the Greek Hiftorians, but Homer likewife,
and fuch of the Poets as were worthy to be perufed.
Though his Father's Death brought no other
Convenience to him, but a Title to redeem an Ef-
tate, mortgaged for as much as it was worth, and
for which He was compelled to fell a finer Seat of
his own ; yet it impofed ,a Burthen upon him, of
the Title of a Vifcount, and an Increafe of Expenfe,
in which He was not in his Nature too provident,
or reftrained ; having naturally fuch a Generofity
and Bounty in him, that He feertied to have his
Eftate in Truft, for all worthy Perfons who ftood
in want of Supplies and Encouragement, as Ben.
Jobnfimj and many others of that Time, whofe For-
tunes required, and whofe Spirits made them fupe-^
riour to, ordinary Obligations ; which yet They were
contented to receive from Him, becaufe his Boun-
ties were fo generoufly diflributed, and fo much

• without Vanity and Oftentation, that except from
thofe few Perfons, from whom He fometimes re-
ceived the Charafters of fit Objefts for his Benefits,
or whom He intrufted for the more fecret deriving

(«)them to them. He did all He could, that the Per-
fons themfelves who received them (hould not know
from what Fountain They flowed -, and when that
ccmld not be concealed. He fuftained any Acknow-
ledgment

42 He L I F E df PartL

Icdgment from the Perfons obliged, with fo much
Trouble, and Baftifulnefs, that They might well
perceive, that He was even afhamed of the little
He had given, and to receive fo large a Recom-
pence for it.

A s loon as He had finiftied all thofe Tranfac-
tions, which the Death of his Father had made ne-
ceflfary to be done. He retired again to his Country
Life, and to his fevere Courfe of Study, which was
very delightful to him, as loon as He was engaged
in it ; but He was wont to fay, that He never found
Reluftancy in any Thing He refolved to do, but in
his quitting X^»^», and departing from the Con-
verfation of thofe He enjoyed there ; which was in
- fome Degree preferved, and continued by frequent
Letters, and often Vifits, which were made by his
Friends from thence, whilft He continued wedded
to the Country ; and which were fo^ grateful to him,
that during their Stay with him, He looked upon
no Book, except their very Converfation made an
Appeal to fome Book -, and truly his whole Conver-
fation was one continued Convivium Philofophicum^
or CoTFuivium Theologicum^ enlivened, and refreftied
with all the Facetioufnefs of Wit, and Good-Hu-
mour, and Pleafantnefs of Difcourfe, which made
the Gravity of the Argument itfelf (whatever it
was) very delectable. His Houfe where He ufually
refided (Tew^ or Burford in Oxfordfhire) being with-
in ten or twelve Miles of the Univerfity, looked
like the Univerfity itfelf, by the Company that was
always found there. There were Dr. Sheldon^ Dr.
Mfrley^ Dr. Hammond^ Dr. Earles^ Mr. Chillingworth^
and indeed all Men of eminent Parts and Faculties
in Oxford^ befidcs thofe who reforted thither from
London •, who all found their Lodgings there, as
ready as in the Colleges, nor did the Lord of the
Houfe know of their coming, or going, nor who were
in his Houfe, till He came to Dinner, or Supper,-

where

Part I. Edward Earl c/' Clarendon. 43

where all ftill met ; otherwife, there was no trouble-
fome Ceremony, or Conftraint to forbid Men to
come to the Houfe, or to make them weary of ftay*
ing there ; fo that many came thither to ftufdy in a
better Air, finding all the Books They could de-
fire, in his Library, and all the Perfons together,
whofe Company They could wilh, and not find, in
any other Society. Here Mr. Chillingwortb wrote,
and formed, and modelled his excellent Book a-
gainft the learned Jefuit Mr. Nott^ after' frequent
Debates upon the moft important Particulars •, in
many of which. He fufFered himfelf to be over-ru-
led by the Judgment of his Friends, though in
others He ftill adhered to his own Fancy, which
was fceptical enough, even in the higheft Points.

I N this happy and delightful Converfation, and
Reftrainr^ He remained in the Country many Years,
and until He had made fo prodigious a Progrefs in
Learning, that there were very few claflick Authors
in the Greeiy or Latin Tongue, that He had not
read with great Exaftnefs ; He had read all the
Greeks and Latin Fathers •, all the moft allowed and
authentick ecclefiaftical Writers ; and all the Coun-
cils, with wonderful Care, and Obfervation •, for in
Religion He thought too careful and too curious
an Enquiry could not be made, amongft thofe,
whofe Purity was not queftioned, and whofe Au-
thority was conftantly and confidently urged by
Men who were furtheft from being of one Mind
amongft themfelves; and for the mutual Support
of their feveral Opinions, in which They moft con-
tradicted each other; and in all thofe Controverfies,
He had fo di^ffioned a Confideration, fuch a Can-
dour in his Nature, and fo profound a Charity in
(23) his Confeience, that in thofe Points, in which He
was in his own Judgment moft clear. He never
thought the worfe, or in any Degree declined the
Familiarity, oi thofe who were of another Mind ;

which.

44 The L I F E of ^- Parti.

which, without Queftion, is an excellent Temper
for the. Propagation, and Advancement of'Chrif-
tianity. With thefe great Advantages of Induftry,
He had a Memory retentive of all that He had ever
read, and an Underftanding and Judgment to ap-
ply it feafonably and appofitely, with the moft Dex-
terity and Addrefs, and the leaft Pedantry and Af-
feftation, that ever Man, who knew fo much,
was poffefled with, of what Quality foever : It is
not a trivial Evidence of his Learning, his Wit, and
his Candour, that may be found in that Difcourfe
of his againft the Infallibility of the Church of
Rome^ publifhed fince his Death, and from a Copy
under his own Hand, though not prepared and di-
gefted by him for the Prefs, and to which He
would have given fome Caftigations.

But all his Parts, Abilities, and Faculties, by
Art and Induftry, were not to be valued, or men-
tioned, in Comparifon of his moft accomplifhed
Mind and Manners ; his Gentlenefs, and Affability
was fo tranfcendent and obliging, that it drew Re-
verence, and fome Kind of Compliance from the
rougheft, and moft unpolifhed, and ftubborn Con-
ftitutions •, and made them of another Temper in
Debate, in his Prefence, than They were in other
Places : He was in his -Nature fo fevere a Lover of
Juftice, and fo precife a Lover of Truth, that He
was fuperiour to all poffible Temptations for the Vio-
lation of either -, indeed fo rigid an Exafter of Per-
fedion, in all thofe Things which feemed but to
border upon either of them, and by the common
Praftice of Me.n were not thought to border upon
either, that many who knew him very well, and
loved and admired his Virtue (as all who did know
him muft love and- admire it) did believe, that He
was of a Temper and Compofition fitter to live in
Republicd Platonis^ than in Piece Romuli'y but this
Rigidneis was only exercifed towards himfelf •, to-
wards

Part L Edward Earl of Clarendon. 45

wards his Friend*s Infirmities no Man was more in-
dulgent. In his Converfation^ which was the moft
cheerflil and pleafant that can be imagined, though
He was young (for all I have yet fpoken of him
doth not exceed his Age of twenty-five or twenty-fix
Years) and of great Gaiety in his Humour, with a
flowing Delightfulnefs of Language, He had fo
chafte a Tongue, and Ear, that there was never
known a profane or loofc Word to fall from him,
nor in Truth in his Company ; the Integrity and
Cleanlinefs of the Wit of that Time not exercifing
itfelf in that Licenfe, before Perfons for whom They
had any Efteem.

Sir Francis JVenman would not look upon him- o/SirFna-^
felf under any other Charadler, than that of a Coun- JJ^^
try Gentleman 5 though no Man of his Quality in
England was more efteemed in Court. He was of a
noble Extradion, and of an antient Family in Ox-
ford/hire, where He was poflefled of a competent
Eftate 5 but his Reputation of Wifdom and Inte-
grity gave him an Intereft and Credit in that Coun-
try, much above his Fortune •, and no Man had
more Efteem in it, or Power over it. He was a
Neighbour to the Lord Falkland^ and in fo entire
Friendfliip and Confidence with him, that He had
great Authority, in the Society of all his Friends,
and Acquaintance. He was a Man of a great Sharp-
nefs of Underftanding, and of a piercing Judg-
ment ; no Man better underftood the AfFeftions and
Temper of the Kingdom, or indeed the Nature of
the Nation, or difcerned farther the Confequence
of Counfels, and with what Succefs They were like
to be attended. He was a very good Latin Scho-
lar, but his Ratiocination was above his Learning ;
(H)and the Sharpnefs of his Wit incomparable: He
was equal to the greateft Truft and Employment,
if He had been ambitious of it, or folicitous for it ;
but his Want of Health produced a Kind of Lazi-

nefs

46 The L IF E of Parti.

ncfs of Mind, which difmclined him tO Bufinefe,
tti^ He died a little before the general Troubles of
the Kingdom, which He forefaw with wonderful
Concern, and when niany wife Men were weary of
living fo long.
^^<ido^" Sidney Godolphin was a younger Brother of
pSn. "^ ' Godolfinny but by the Provifion left by his Father,
and by the Death of a younger Brother, liberally
fupplied for a very good Education, and for a cheer-
ful Subfiftence, in any Courfe of Life He pfopofed
to himfelf. There was never fo great a Mind and
Spirit contained in fo littk Room j fo large an Un-
derftanding, and fo unreftrained a Fancy, in fo ve-
ry fmall a Body •, fo that the Lord Falkland ufed to
fay merrily, that He thought it was a great Ingre-
dient into his Fricndfliip for Mr. Godolphin^ that He
was pleafed to be found in his Company, where He
was the properer Man ; and it may be, the very
Remarkablenefs of his Tittle Perfon, made the Sharp-
nefs of his Wit, and the compofed Qiiicknefs of his
Judgment and Underftanding, the more notable.
He had Ipent fome Years in France, and in the Low-
Countries 'y and accompanied the Earl of Leicejier
m his Ambaffage into Denmark^ before He refolved
to be quiet, and attend fon^e Promotion in the
Court ', where his excellent Difpofition and Man-
DcrSy and extraordinary Qualifications, made him
very acceptable. Though every Body loved his.
Company very well, yet He loved very much to be
alone, being in his Conftitution inclined fomewhat
to Melancholy, and to Retirement amongft his
Books ; and was fo far from being a6feive, that He
was contented to be reproached by his Friends with
Lazinefs •, and was of fo nice and tender a Compo-
fition, that a little Rain or Wind would diforder
him, and divert him from any ftiort Journey, He
had nroft willingly propofed to himfelf; infomuch,
as when He rid abroad with thofe in whofe Com-
pany

Part I. Edward Earl tf Clarendon. 47

pany He moft delighted, if the Wind chanced to
be in his Face, he would (after a little pleafant
murmuring) fuddenly turn his Horfe, and go Home :
Yet the Civil War no fooner began ( the firft Ap-
proaches towards which He difcovered as foon as
any Man, by the Proceedings in Parliament, where
He was a Member, and oppofed with great Indig-
nation ) than He put himfelf into the firft Troops
which were raifed in the Weft for the King \ and
bore the Uneafinefs and Fatigue of Winter March-
es with an exemplar Courage and Alacrity; until
by too brave a Purfuit of the Enemy into an ob-
fcui;e Village in Devon/hire^ He was fhot with a Muf-
ket 5 with which ( without faying any Word more,
than. Oh Gody I am hurt) He fell dead from his
Horfe ; to the excefliye Grief of his Friends, who
were all that knew him ; and the irreparable Da-
mage of the Public,

Edmund Waller, was born to a very fair Et o/Mr, Ed.
tate, by the Parfimony, or Frugality, of a wife pa- j^^ ^^''
ther and Mother ;. and He thought it fo commend-
able an Advantage, that He reiolved to improve it
with his utmoft Care, upon which in his Nature
He was too much intent -, and in Order to that, He
was. fo much referved and retired, that He was
fcarce ever heard of, till by his Addrefs and Dexte-
rity He had gotten a very rich Wife in the City,
againft all the Recommendation, and Countenance,
and Authority of the Court, which was thoroughly
engaged on the Behalf of Mr. Crefts ; and which
ufed to be fuccefsful in that Age, againft any Op-
pofition. He had the good Fortune to have an Al-
liance and Fricndfliip with Dr. Mcn^leyy who had af-
fifted, and inftrudcd him in the reading many good
Books,, to which his natural Parts and Promptitude
(25) inclined him, elpecially the Poets-, and at the Age
wten other Men ufed to give over writing Yertes
(for He. wa&.neax thirty Yeans of Age, when He

firft

48 The L I F E of Parti.

firft engaged himfelf in that Exercife, at leaft, that
He was known to do lb ) He liirprifed the Town
with two or three Pieces of that Kind -, as if a tenth
Mufe had been newly born, to cherifli drooping
Poetry. The Doftor at that Time brought him in-
to that Company, which was moft celebrated for
good Converfation ; where He was received, and
efteemed, with great Applaufe, and Relpedt. He
was a very pleafant Difcourfer, in-Earndft, and in
Jeft, and therefore very grateful to all Kind of Com-
pany, where He was not the lefs efteemed for being
very rich.

H E had been even nuHed in Parliaments, where
He fat when He was very young •, and fo when
They were refumed again (after a long Intermif-
fion) He appeared in thofe Aflemblies with great
Advantage ; haying a graceful Way of Ipeaking,
and by thinking much upon feveral Arguments
(which his Temper and Complexion, that had much
of Melancholic, inclined him to ) He feemeti offen
to Ipeak upon the fudden, when the Occafion had
only adminiftred the Opportunity of faying what
He had thoroughly confidered, which gave a great
Luftre to all He faid ; which yet was rather of De-
light, than Weight. There needs no more be faid
to extol the Excellence and Power of his Wit, and
Pleafantnefs of his Converfation, than that it was of
Magnitude enough to cover a World of very great
Faults -, that is, fo to cover them, that They were
not taken Notice of to his Reproach ; viz. a Nar-
rownefs in his Nature to the lowcft Degree ; an Ab- •
jedlnefs, and Want of Courage to fupport him in
any virtuous Undertaking ; an Irifinuation, and fer-
vile Flattery to the Height, the vaineft, and moft
imperious Nature could be contented with ; that it
prelerved and won his Life from thofe, who were
moft refolved to takfe it; and in an Occafion in
which He ought to have been ambitious to have

loft

Parti. Edward E^r/g/'CLARENDON. 49

loft it J and then preferved him again, from the
Reproach and Contempt that was due to him, for
ib preferving it, and for vindicating it at fuch a
Price ; that it had Power to reconcile him to thofe
whom He had moft offended and provoked ; and
continued to his Age with that rare Felicity, that
his Company was acceptable, where his Spirit was
odious -, and He was at leaft pitied, where He was
moft detefted.

Of Dodor Sheldon there needs no more be faid y/v.Shd*
in this Place, than that his Learning, and Gravity, '^*"'
and Prudence, had in that Time raifed him to fuch
a Reputation, when He was Chaplain in the Houfe
to the Lord Keeper Coventry (who exceedingly ef-
teemed him, and ufed his Service not only in all
Matters relating to the Church, but in many other
Bufinefles of Impprpmce, and in which that great
and good Lord wajPucarly concerned) and when He
was afterwards Warden of JIl Souls College in Ox-
ford^ that He then was looked upon, as very equal
to any Preferment the Church could yield, or hath
fince yielded unto him -, and Sir Francis Wenman
would often fay, when the Doftor reforted to the
Converfation at the Lord Falkland s Houfe, as He
frequently did, that "Dr. Sheldon was born and
" bred to be Archbilhop of Canterbury'^

Doctor MrZjy /was a Gentleman of very emi- yDr.Mor*
nent Parts in all poUte Learning -, of great Wit,. ^^*
and Readineis, and Subtilty in Difputation ; and
of remarkable Temper, and Prudence in Converfa-
tion, which rendered him moft grateful in all the
beft Company. He was then Chaplain in the Houfe,
and to the Family, . of the Lord and Lady Camar*
voHy which, needed ^ wife, and a wary Direftor.
From fome academick Contefts He had been enga-
ged in during his living in Chrift Church in Oxford^
(16) where He was always of the firft Eminency, He
had by the natural Fadtipn and Animofity of th(^

Vol. L D Difpmct

so The L 1 F E tf Psttt

!>ii^ti» fallen under the Reproach of boWing feme
Opinions, which were not then grat^fol to thofe
Churchmen, who had the greatseft Power in iscclc*
iiafticd Promotions ; and fome {harp Anders ^nd
Replies, He ufed to mdkt in acddental Diic6Utfes,
and which in Truth were made for Mirth and Plea-
fantnefs Sake (as He was of the higheft FacetiouA
nefs) were reported, and ipreAd abroad to his Pre-
judice ; as being once alked by a grave Country
Gentleman (who was defirous to be inftruAed what
their Tenets and Opinions Were) " what the Arm-
^^nians held,*' He pleafantlv anfwered, that 7*gr
held aU the heft Bijhoprich ana Deaneries in England ;
which was quickly reported abroad, as Mr. MffHej^^s
JDefinition of the Jrminian Tenets.

SvcH and the like harmk& and jocular Sayings,
upon many accidental Occafio^ had wrought up^
On the Archbilhop of CaMetifit^ Laud^ (who lived
to change his Mind, and to haVe a juft Elteera of
him) to entertain fome Prejudice towards him ; and
the Relpeft which was paid him by many eminent
Perfons, as John Hampdetiy Arthur Goodwin, and o-
thers, who were not thought Friends to the Prof-
perity the Church was in, made others amntfhend
that He was hot enough Jealous for it : But that
DifafFedlion, and Virulency (which few Mew had
then owned and difcovered) no fooner appear^ in
thofe and other Men, but Ite. M&rky niiie Hafte
as publickly to oppofe them, both in private and
in publick •, which had the more Efffeft to the Be-
nefit of the Church, by his being a Perfon abovte
all polfible Reproach, and known and valued by
more Perfons of Honour than moft of the Clergy
were \ and being not only without the Envy of any
Preferment, but under the Advantage of a dilbotin*
tenanced Perfon : And as Hd was afterwards die
tate King's Chaplain, and much regarded by him,
and as long about him as any of has Chaplains

were

PantL Edward Ear/ ig/'CLARBNDON. ^i

were permkted to attend bim ; fo prdfendy after bia
Murder, He left the kingdom, and remained in
Baniifhment, till King Qm^les the Second's happy
Return.

Doctor Earles was at that Time Chaplain in VJ^
the Houfe to the Earl of Pemhoki^ Lord Chamber- ^
lain of his Majefly's Houihold, and had a Lodging
in the Court under riiat Relation : He was a Perfon
very notable for his £legandb in the Oreekj and La^
tin Tongues ; and being F^low of Muntw College
in Oxford^ and having been Pro^r of the Univer*
fity, and ibme very witty and fharp Diicourfes be*
ing publiihed in Print without his Confent, thpugh
known to be his, He ^ew fuddenly into a very ^^
neral Efteem with all Men ; being a Man of ^reac
Piety and Devotion ; a moft eloquent and powerful
Preacher ; and of a Conver&don fo pleaiant and
delightful, fo very innocent, and fo very facetious,
that no Man's 0>mpany was more defired, and
more loved. No Man was more negligent in his
Drels, and Habit, and Mien ; no Man more wary,
and cultivate^ttiin hit Behaviour, and Diibourie;
ioibmuch as He had the ^ater Advantage when
He waa known, by promiiing fo little baore He
waa known. He was an excellent Ppet, both in
LaHnj Gretkj and EngUfhy ais appears by many Pae*
a$ yet sdiroad ; though He fupprefl&d many more
himKlf, «^)ecially of EngUfk, incomparably good,
out of an Auflerity to diofe Sallies of his Youdi.
He was very dear to the Lord Falkland^ wiriy whom
Ht fpwt as much Time as He co|il<t ma^ hig
own s and as that Lord would impute the (peed^
Progfofs He^nade in the <rir^)t^ Tongue, todie la^
formftdoa and Affiftance He had frpm Mr, Earies^
h Mr. &«nbti would fvcquendy profefs, t&at He had
g^t more ufc^l Lea^pnihg hj his Conversation at
?iw (the Lord FaStknd's Houfe) than Htt^had at

D 2 ly.

52 The L I F E of ^ PartL

ly, He was made one of his Chaplains ; an^ attend-
ed on him when- He was forced to leave the King-
dom. He was amongft the few excellent Men who
never had, nor ever could .have an Enemy, but
fiich a one, who was an Enemy to all Learning,
and Virtue, and therefore would never make him-
ielf known.
Hai^' ^^- J^"^ Hales had been Greek Profefibr in

the Univerfity oi Oxford \ and had borne the great-
eft Part of the Labour of that excellent Edition and
Impreffion of St. Chryfofionfs Works, fet out by Sir
Harr/ Savile ; who was then Warden of Merton Col-
lege, when the other was Fellow of that Houfe.
He was Chaplain in the Houfe with Sir Dudiey
Carkton^ Ambaffadour at the Hague in Holland^ at
the Time when the Synod of Dort was held, and
fo had Liberty to be prefent at the Confultations in
that Aflembly ; and hath left the beft Memorial be-
hind him of the Ignorance, and Paflion, and Ani-
mofity, and Injuftice of that Convention; of which
Jie often made very pleafant Relations ; though at
that Time it received too much Cqifeitenance from
England. Being a Perfon of the greateft Eminency
for Learning and other Abilities, from which He
might have promifed himfelf any Preferment in the
Church, He withdrew himfelf from all Purfuits of
that Kind, into a private Fellowfhip in the College
q{ Efon, where his Friend Sir Harry Savik was Pro-
voft •, where He lived amongft his Books, and the
meft feparated from the World of any Man then
living -, though He was not in the leaft Degree in-
dined, to Melancholy, but on the contrary, of a ve-
ry open, and pleafant Converfation ; and therefore
was very well pleafed widi the Refort of his Friends
to him, who were fuch as He had chofen, and in
whofe Company He delighted, and for whofe Sake
He would iometimes, once in a Year, refort to Lon-
dm^ only.jtQjenjpy their cbeerlv} Converfation.
/ : ^ He

Part L Edward Earl g/' Clarendon. 53

H E would never take any Cure of Souls ; and
was fo great a Contexnner of Money, that He wa$
wont to fay, that his Fellowfliip, and the Burfar's
Place (which for the Good of the College He held
maay Years) was worth him fifty Pounds a Year
more than He could fpend ; and yet, befides his
being very charitable to all poor People, even to
Liberality, He had made a greater and better
CollcftioQ of Books than were to be found in any
other private Library that I have feen ; as He had
fiare re^d more, and carried more about him in
his excellent Memory, than any Man I ever knew,
my Lord Falkland only excepted, who I think fided
him. He had, whether from his natural Temper
and Conftitution, or from his long Retirement from
all Crowds, or from his profound Judgment, and
difcerning Spirit, contraded fome Opinions, which
were not received, nor by him publiftied, except in.
private Difcourfes j and then rather upon Occafion
of Difpute, than of pofitive Opinion -, and He
would often fay, his Opinions He was fure did
Him no Harm, but He was far from being confi-
dent that They might not do others Harm, who
entertained them, and might entertain other Re-
fults from them than He did-, and therefore He
was very referved in communicating what He
thought Himfelf in thofe Points, in which He dif-
fered from what was received.

Nothing troubled him more than the Brawls
which were grown from Religion ; and He there-
fore exceedingly detefted the Tyranny of the Church
of Rome ; more for their impofing uncharitably up-
on the Confciences of other Men, than for the
Errors in their own Opinions ; and would often fay,
that He would renounce the Religion of the Chut-ch
of England to-morrow, if it obliged him to believe
;28)that any other Chriflians fhould be damned ; and
that no Body would conclude another Man to be

D 3 damned.

54 rbe L IFE of ?art 1,

dsmned, who did not wi(h liifti to. No Man movt
ftria: and fevere to himfelf ; to othcf M^ii fb cha*
fitable as to their Opinions, that He thought that
6ther Men were more in Fault for their Gaitk%^
towards them, than the Men themfelves wete, whd
erred; and He thought that Pride, and J*afl36n,
more than Confcience, were the Caufe of all S^pa^
tation from each others Communion ; and He fire-*
qucntly faid, that that only kept the World from
j^eeing upon fuch a Liturgy, as might bring them
into one Communion ; all doftrinal Points \xp(m
which Men differed in their Opinions being to
have no Place in any Liturgy. Upon an occafional
Difcourfe with a Friend, of the frequent, and un-
charitable Reproaches of Heretick, and Schifmatick)
too lightly thrown at each other, amongft Men wh6
differ in their Judgment, He writ a little Difcouiife
of Schifm, contained in lefs than two Sheets of Pa-
|>er; which being tranfmitted from Friend to Friend
in Writing, was at laft, without any Malice, brought
to the View of the Archbilhop of Canterbury^ Dn
Laud^ who was a very rigid Surveyor of all Things
Which never fo little bordered upon Schifm -, and
thought the Church could not be too vigilant
againft, and jealous of fuch Incurfions.

H E fent for Mr. Hales^ whom, when They had
both lived in the Univerfity of Oxford^ He had
known well ; and told him, that He had in Truth
believed him to be long fince dead ; and chid him
very kindly fbr having nevfer come to him, having
been of his old Acquaintance; then afked him,
whether He had lately writ a Ihort Difcourfe of
Schifm, and whether He was of that Opinion,
which that Difcourfe implied. He told him, that
He had, for the Satisfadion of a private Friend
(who was not of his Mind) a Year or two before.
Writ fuch a fmall Traft, without any Imagination
that it would be communicated ; and that He be-

lieve^

Piart h Edward Earl 0/ Clarendon, 51

Kcved it did not cont^n any Thing, that was not
agreeable to the Judgment of the Primitive F^-r
thcrs ; upon which, the Archbifhop debated with
him upon ibme Exprellions of IretLeus^ and the
moft antient Fathers ; and concluded with faying,
that the Time was very apt to fet new Do<£brinea
on. Foot, of which the Wits of the Age were too
iulceptible ; and that there could not be too mucTi
Care taken to preferve the Peace and Unity Ox the
Church ; and from thence afked him of his Con*-
dition, and whether He wanted any Thing, and
the other anfwering, that He had enough, and
wanted, or defired no Addition, fo difmifled him
with great Gourtefy ; and fliortly after fent for him
again, when there was a Prebendary of Wind/or
fallen, and told him, the King had given him the
Preferment, becaufe it lay fo convenient to his Fel-
lowihip pf Eton ; which (though indeed the moft
convenient Preferment that could be thought of
for him ) the Archbiftiop could not without great
Difficulty perfuade him to accept, and He did acr
cq>t it rather to pleafe Him, than Himfelf ; be^
caufe He really believed He had enough before.
He was one of the leaft Men in the Kingdom ; and
one of 'the greateft Scholars in Eurcpf.
. Mr. Chillingworth was of a Stature little fu- o/Mr.chn.
peiiour to Mr. Haks (and it was an Age, in which ^"^B^orth,
there were many great and wonderful Men of that
Si^e) and a Man of fo great a Subtilty of Under-
ihuiding, and fo rare a Temper in Debate ; that
as it was impoflible to provoke him into any
Paflion, fo it was very difficult to keep a Man's
fclf from being a little difcompofed by his Sharp*-
nefs, and Quicl^ncfs of Argument, and Inftances,
in which He had a rare Facility, and a great Ad-
vantage over all the Men I ever knew. He had
fpent all his younger Time in Difputation ; and
(^9) had arrived to fo great a Mattery, as He was infe-

D 4 riour

56 rbe L I F E of Parti.

riour to no Man in thofe Skirmifhes ; but He had,
with his notable Perfection in this Exercife, con-
tradted fuch an Irrefolution, and Habit of doubt-
ing, that by Degrees He grew confident of No-
X thing, and a Sceptick at leaft, in the greateft Myf-
teries of Faith.

This made him from firft wavering in Religion,
and indulging to Scruples, to reconcile himfelf too
fbon, and too eafily to the Church of Rome ; and
carrying ftill his own Inquifitivenefs about him,
without any Refignation to their Authority (which
is the only Temper can make that Church fure of
its Profelytes) having made a Journey to St. Omers^
purely to peifeA his Converfion, by the Converfa-
tion of thofe who had the greateft Name, He
found as little Satisfaction there ; and returned with
as much Hafte from them ; with a Belief that an
entire Exemption from Error was neither inherent
in, nor neceflary to any Church : Which occafioned
that War, which was carried on by the Jefuits with
{o great Afperity, and Reproaches againft him, and
in which He defended himfelf, by fuch an admira-
ble Eloquence of Language, and clear and incom-
parable Power of Reafon, that He not only made
them appear unequal Adverfaries, but carried the
War into their own Quarters -, and made thd Pope's
Infallibility to be as much Ihaken, and declined
by their own Dodors (and as great an Acrimony
amongft themfelves upon that Subjedt) and to be
at leaft as much doubted, as in the Schools of the
Reformed or Proteftant ; and forced them fince,
to defend and maintain thofe unhappy Coqtroverfies
in Religion, with Arms and Weapons of another
Nature, than were ufed, or known in the Church
of Rome^ when Bellarmine died ; and which proba-
bly will in I'ime undermine the very Foundation
th^t Supports it,

SvcH

Part !• Edward Earl ^Clarekdon. $7.

Such a Levity, and Propenfity to change is
commonly attended with great Infirmities in, and
no lefs Reproach and Prejudice to the Perfon ;
but the Sincerity of his Heart was fo confpicuous
and without the leaft Temptation of any corrupt
End, and the Innocence and Candour in his Na-
ture fo evident and without any Perverfenefs •, that
all who knew him, clearly difcerned, that all thofe
rcftlefs Motions and Fluftuations proceeded only
from the Warmth and Jealoufy of his own Thoughts,
in a too nice Inquifition for Truth. Neither the
Books of the Adverfary, nor any of their Perfons,
though He was acquainted with the beft of both,
had ever made great Impreflion wpon him -, all his
Doubts grew out of himfelf, when He aflifted his
Scruples with all the Strength of his own Reafon,
and was then too hard for himfelf j but finding as
little Quiet and Repofe in thofe Vidories, He quick-
ly recovered, by a new Appeal to his own Judg-
ment •, fo that He was in Truth, upon the Mat-
ter, in all his Sallies, and Retreats, his own Con-
vert ; though He was not fo totally divefted of all
Thoughts of this World, but that when He was
ready for it. He admitted fome great and confider-
able Churchmen, to be Sharers with him in his
publick Converfion.

Wh I l s t He was in Perplexity, or rather fome
paffionate Difinclination to the Religion He had
been educated in. He had the Misfortune to have
much Acquaintance with one Mr. Lugar^ a Mi-
nifter of that Church ; a Man of a Competency of
Learning, in thofe Points moft controverted with
the Romanifts^ but of no acute Parts of Wit, or
Judgment ; and wrought fo far upon him, by weak-
ening, and enervating thofe Arguments, by which
He found He was governed. (as He had all the Lo-
gick, and all the Rhetorick, that was neceffary to
perfuade very, powerfully Men of the greateft Ta-
lents)

j8 the hlF E tl P«tl.

Icnts) that the poor Man, not abk to live long in
Doubt, too haftily deferted his own Church, and^3<:
betook himfelf to the Roman : Nor could all the
Arguments, and Reafons of Mn ChilUngwartb niakc
him paufe in the Expedition He was ufing -, or re-
duce him from that Church after He had given
himfelf to it \ but He had always a great Animo-'
fity againft him, for having (as He faid) unkindly
betrayed him, and carried him into another Reli-
gion, and there left him. So unfit are fome Con-
ftitutions to be troubled with Doubts, after They
are once fixed.

H E did really believe all War to be unlawful ;
and did not think that the Parliament ( whofe Pro-
ceedings He perfedily abhorred ) did in Truth in-
tend to involve the Nation in a Civil War, till
after the Battle of Edgehill -, and then He thought
any Expedient, or Stratagem that was like to put
A fpeedy End to it, to be the moft commendable :
And fo having too mathematically conceived an En-
gine, that fhould move fo lightly, as to be a Breaft-
work in all Encounters, and Aflkults in the Field j
He carried it, to make the Experiment, into that
Part of his Majefty's Army, which was only in that
Winter Seafon in the Field, under the Command
of the Lord Hoptoriy in Hampfinrty upon the Bor-
ders of Sufftx ; where He was (hut up in the Caftle
of Arundel \ which was forced, after a fliort fharp
Siege, to yield for want of Vidtual ; and poor Mr.
CUllingworth with it, faUing into the Rebels Hands ;
and being moft barbaroufly treated by them, eipe-
cially by that Clergy which followed them ; and be-
ing broken with Sicknefs, contraded by the ill Ac-
eommodation, and Want of Meat and Fire during
the Siege, which was in a terrible Seafon of Froft
and Snow, He died (hortly after in Prifon. He
was a Man of excellent PartSj and of a cheerful
Difpofition s void of aJl Kind of Vicp, and endued

with

Parti. EDWARiijEar/ ^Clarendon. 59

with many notable Virtues -, of a very publick Hfcanv
and an indefatigable Defire to do Good ; his only
Unhappinefs proceeded from his flecping too Httle,
and thinking too much; which fometimes threw
him into violent Fevers.

This was Mr. Eyd^s Company, and Convcrfa-
tion, to which He dedicated his vacant Times and
all that Time which He could make vacant from
the Bufinefs of his Profeffion 5 which He indulged
with no more Paflion than was neceflary to keep u^
the Reputation of a Man, that had no PurpcMe to
be idle \ which indeed He perfectly abhorred : And
He took always Occafion to celebrate the Time He
had fpent in that Converfation, with great Satif-
faction, and Delight. Nor was He Icfs fortunate,
in the Acquaintance and Friendfhips which He made
with the Perfons in his Profeffion; who were all
eminent Men, or of the moft hopeful Parts ; who
being all much fuperiour to him in Age, and Ex-
perience, and entirely devoted to their Profeffion,
were yet well pleafed with the Gaiety of his Hu-^
mour, and inoffenfive and winning Behaviour ; and
this good Inclination of riieirs was improved by the
Intereft They faw He had in Perfons of the beft
Quality, to whom He was very acceptable, and
his Condition of living, which was with more Ex-
peofe than young Lawyers were accuftomed to.

T H o $ E Pafons were, Mr. Lane^ who was then m^: Hydc*
Attorney to the Prince of Wales \ and afterwards p^^^i"/'*
Loni Chief Baron of the Exchequer ; and laftly
upon the Death of the Lord Uttleton^ was macfe
Keep^gr of the Great Seal, who died in Baniihment
with King Cbarks the Second. Mr. Geoffrey PaU
met^ afterwards Attorney General. Mr. John May-
fktrd ; and Bulftrode WUtkd ; all Men of eminent
PartS) and great Learning out of their Profeffions ;
and in their Profeffions, of fignal Reputation ; and
though the two laft did afterwards bow their Knees

to

6o lie L IF E of Parti.

to Baal^ and fo fwerved from their Allegiance, it
was with lefs Rancour and Malice than other Men ; (3«
They never led, but followed ; and were rather
carried away with the Torrent, than fwam with the
Stream ; and failed through thofe Infirmities, which
left than a general Defection, and a profperous Re-
bellion could never have difcovered. With thefe,
and very few other Perfons of other Societies, and
of more than ordinary Parts in the Profeflion, He
converfed. In Bufinefs, and in Fradtice, with the
reft of the Profeflion He had at moft a formal
Acquaintance, and little Familiarity ; very feldom
ufing, when his Pradtice was at higheft, fo much
as to eat in the Hall, without which, no Man ever
got the Reputation of a good Student ; but He
ever gave his Time of eating to his Friends \ and
was wont picalantly to fay, " that He repaired
*' himfelf with very good Company at Dinner, for
** the ill Company He had kept in the Morning -,"
and made himfelf Amends for the Time He loft
with his Friends, by declining Suppers ; and with
a Part of that Time which was allowed for Sleep :
But He grew every Day more intent on Bufmefs,
and more engaged in Praftice, {o that He could
not aflign fo much Time as He had ufed to do, tq
his beloved Converfation.

The Countenance He received from the Arch^
bifliop of Canterbury^ who took all Occafion to men-
tion him as a Perfon He had Kindnefs for; the
Favour of the Lord Coventry y manifefted as often
as He came before him •, the Reception He found -
with the Lord Privy Seal, the Earl of MancheJieTy
who had raifed the Court of Requefts to as much
Bufinefs as the Chancery itfelf was poflfefTed of, and
where He was looked upon as a Favourite ; the
Familiarity ufed towards him by the Lord Pembroke^
who was Lord Chamberlain of the King's Houfe,
and a greater Man in the Country than the Court ;

by

Parti. Edward E^r/^/'CLARENDoN. 6i

by the Earl of Holland^ and many other Lords and
Ladies, and other Perfons of Intereft in the Court,
made him looked upon by the Judges infVeftminfter^
Hall^ with much Condefcenfion ; and They^ who
before He put on his Gown, looked upon him as
one who defigned fome other Courfc of Life, (for
though He had been always very pundtual in the
Performance of all thofe publick Exercifes the Pro-
feffion obliged him to, both before, and after He
was called to the Bar-, yet in all other Refpeds He
feemed not to confine himfelf wholly to that Courfc
of Life ) now when They no fooner faw him put
on his Gown, but that He was fuddenly in Prac-
tice, and taken Notice of particularly in all Courts
of Juftice with unufual Countenance, thought He
would make what Progrefs He defired in that Pro-
feffion.

. As He had thofe many Friends in Court, fo He
was not lefs acceptable to many great Perfons in
the Country, who leaft regarded the Court, and
were leaft efteemed by it ; and He had that rare
Felicity, that even They, who did not love many
of thofe upon whom He moft depended, were
yet very well pleafed with him, and with his Com-
pany. The Earl of Hertford^ and the Earl of Ejfex^
whofc Interefts, and Friendfhips were then the
fame ; and who were looked upon with Reverence
by all who had not Reverence for the Court, and
even by all in the Court, who were not latisfied
there (which was, and always will be a great Peo-
ple) were very kind to him, and ready to truft
him in any Thing that was moft fecret -, and though
He could not difpofe the Archbiftiop, or the Earl
of Effex to any Correfpondence, or good Intelli-
gence with each other; which He exceedingly
laboured to do, and found an equal Averfion in ^.^^"^^
both towards each other -, yet He fucceeded to his jircbbijhop
Wilb in bringing the Archbiftiop and the Earl oi'f^^"^

Hert-

ea rbf L I F E of Parti.

H^if^iy to a very good Acquaintance and Incli*
nation to each other ; which They both often ac-(3«
knowledged Idndly to him, and with which the
Earl qi Effex was as much unfatisfied.

The Perfon whofe Life this Difcourfe is to re^
coiled (and who had fo great an AfFedion and
Reverence for the Memory of Archbifhop Laud^
that He never fpakc of him without extraordinary
Efteem, and believed him to be a Man of the moft
exemplar Virtue, and Piety of any of that Age)
was wont to (ay, the greateft Want the Archbifhop
had, was of a true Friend, who would feafonably
have told him of his Infirmities, and what People
ipake of him ; and He faid. He knew well that
jfuch a Priend would have been very acceptable to
him ; and upon that Occafion He ufed to mention
a Story of Himfelf ; that when He was a young
Praftifer of the Law, being in fome Favour with
him (as is mentioned before) He went to vifit him,
in the Beginning of a Micbaelmafs Term, IhortLy
after his Return from the Country,, where He had
(pent a Month or two of the Summer.
jTtsfieeEx' He found the Archbifhop early walking in the
wtbtb^ Garden V who received him according to hisCuftom,
^Snhbipf. y^iy gracibufly, and continuing his Walk, alked
him, *' what good News in the Country?" to which
He anfwered, " there was none good ; the People
** were univerfally difcontented ; and (which trou-
*' bled him moft) that many People fpoke extreme
*'ill of his Grace, as the Caufe of all that wa«
** amife.'* He replied, " that He was forry for it ;
^' He knew He did not deferve it ; and that He
•'muft not give over ferving the King, and the
"Church, to pleafe the People, who otherwife
^* would not fpeak well of him." Mr. Hyde told
him, "He thought He need not leffen his 21eal for
"cither; and that it grieved him to find Perfons
" of the bcft-Condition, and who jipve^ both King,

"and

l^arcL Edward iS^r/g/'CLAiiENDON. 63

" and ChiR-ch, exceedingly indevoted to Him; conl-
^ plaining of his Manner <^ treating them, when
" They had Occafion to refort to him, it may be,
^for his Direftions.^ And then named him two*
Peribna of the moft Intereft and Credit in Wiltjhire^
who had that Summer attended the Council Board
in fome Affairs which concerned the King and the
Country J that all the Lords prefent ufed them with
great Coortrfy, knowing well their Quality and
Reputation ; but that He alone (pake very (harply
to them, and without any Thing of Grace, at whicn
They were much troubled ; and one of them, fup-
pofing that Somebody had done him ill Offices,
went the next Mining t?o Lambeth^ to prefent his
Service to him, and to difcover, if He could, what
Mifreprefentatioh had been made of him : That
after He had attended very long. He was admitted
to (peak with his Grace, who fcarce hearing him,
fearply anfwered him, that ** He had no Leifurc
•* for Compliments ;'* and fo hurried away j which
put. the other Gentleman much out of Counte-
nance : And that this Kind of Behaviour of his was
the Difcourfe of all Companies of Perfons of Qua-
lity ; every Man continuing any fuch Story with
anodier like it, very much to his Difadvanta^ie ;
and to the Trouble of thofe who were very juft
to him.

H E heard the Relation very patiently, and atten- ru Anb-
rively ; and difcourfed over every Particular with^?^''^'
all imaginable Condefcenfion 5 and faid, with evi-
dent Shew of Trouble, that '* He was very unfor-
" tunate to be kt ill underftood 5 that He meant
*• very well ; that He remembered the Time, when
"thofe two Perfons were with the Council; that
^* upon any Deliberations, vrhen any Thing was re-
" folved, or to be feid to any Bodv, the Council
** enjoined him to deliver their Refolutions ; which
*• He did always according to the beft of his Un-

" derftanding \

64 The L 1 P E of Part !•

^ derftaading \ but by the Imperfeftion He had by
" Nature, which He faid often troubled him. He
*' might deliver it in fuch a Tune, aad with a (33)
,*' Sharpnefs of Voice, that made Men believe He
*' was angry, when there was no fuch Thing; that
*' when thofe Gentlemen were there, and He had
>' delivered what He was to fay. They made feme
^ Stay, and (pake with fome of the Lords, which
'' not being according to Order, He thought He
'' gave them fome Reprehenfion ; They having at
** that Time very much other Bufinefs to do :-That
'* He did well remember, that one of them, (who
" was a Perfon of Honour) came afterwards to him,
" at a Time He was Ihut up about an Affair of
" Importance, which required his full Thoughts ;
" but that as foon as He heard of the other's being
" without. He fent for him, himfelf going into the
" next Room, and received him very kindly, as He
*^ thought ; and fuppofing that He came about Bu-
"finefs, aflced him whatjiis Bufinefs was; and the
*' other anfwering, that He had no Bufinefs, but
"continuing his Addrefs with fome Ceremony, He
" had indeed faid, that He had not Time for Com^
^^piiments', but He did not think that He went
*' out of the Room in that Manner : And con-
** eluded, that it was not poffible for him in the
*' many Occupations He had, to fpend any Time
*' in unneceffary Compliments ; and that if his In-
" tegrity and Uprightnefs, which never fhould be
" liable to Reproach, could not be ftrong enough
" to preferve him. He muft fubmit to God's Plea-
" fure/'

H E was well contented to hear Mr. Hyde reply
very freely upon the Subjeft, who faid, " He ob-
"ferved by what his Grace himfelf had related,
*' that the Gentlemen had too much Reafon for
" the Report They made ; and He did not won-
"dcr that They had been much troubled at his

" Carriage

Part I. Edward Earl of Clarendon. 6^

** Carriage towards them *, that He did exceedingly
•' with, that He would more referve his Paffion to-
** wards -all Perfons, how faulty foever-, and that
** He would treat Perfons of Honour, and QuaUty,
** and Intcrcft in their Country, with more Cour-
*' tefy and Condefccnfion ; cfpecially when They
'* came to vifit him, and make Offer of their Ser-
*'vice." He faid, fmiling, that " He. could only
** undertake for his Heart •, that He had very good
" Meaning j for his Tongue^ He could not under-
*' take, that He would not fometimes fpeak more
•' haftily, and fliarply, than He fhould do, (which
''oftentimes He was forry and reprehended him-
" felf for) and in a Tune which might be liable to
•' Mifinterpretation, with them who were not very
" well acquainted with him, and fo knew, that it
*' was an Infirmity, which his Nature, and Educa-
" tion had fo rooted in him, that it was in vain. to.
"contend with it." For the State and Diftance
He kept with Men, He faid, " He thought it was
" not more than was fuitable to the Place and De-
"greCjHe held in the Church and State; or fo.
".much .as others h^d affumed to themfelves, who.
"hjKJ.fat in his Place-, and thereupon He told him.
" ibnie Behaviour and Carriage of his Predeceflbr
Vy4Mi^/ Cwho He faid was not better born than
" hanjfelf ) towards the greateft Nobility of the King-
"cjoni, which He thought was very infolent, and
" inpccvifablc ;" apid was indeed very ridiculous,

AjXJPR this free Difcourfe, Mr. Hyde ever found:
himfeif morp gracioufly received by him, and treats
cd with more Familiarity j upon which He always
concluded, that if the Archbifliop had had any true
Friend, who wpi4d, in proper Seafons, have dealt
fnmkly. with him,: in the moft important Matters,
anid wherein the= Errors were like to be moft penaJ,
Hejvoiild not only have received it very well, but
have profited himfelf by it. But i^ is the Misfpr-.

Vol^.L E tunc

46 The L IF E of Parti.

tune of moft Pcrfons of that Education (how wor-
thy focvcr) that They have rarely Friendihips with
Men above their own Condition ; and that their
Afccnt being commonly fudden» from low to high.
They have afterwards rather Dependants than (34
Friends ^ and are ftill deceived, by keeping fbme-
what in Referve to themfelves, even fiDqi thofe
with whom They feem moft openly to commani-
cate; and which is Worfe, receive for the moft
Part their Informations and Advertifements from
Clergymen, who underftand the leaft, and take the
worft Meafure of human A^rs of all Mankind
that can write and read.

Under this univerfal Acquaintance, and gene-
ral Acceptation, Mr. Hyde led, for many Years, as
cheerful and pleafant a Life, as any Man did en^
joy, as long as the Kingdom took any Pleafurc in.
itfelf. His Prailice grew every Day as much as
He wiftied ; and would have been much mom, if
He had wiftied it ; by which. He not only fup-^
ported his Expenfe, greater much than Men rf his
Rank and Pretences ufed to make, but encreafed
his Eftate by fome convenient Purchafes of Land,
adjoining to his other ; and He grew ib much in
Love with Bufinefs and Pradtice, that He give up
his whole Heart to it -,. rcfolving, by a Cotirie of
fcvere Study, to recover the Time He had loft
upon lefs profitable Learning, and to intend no-
thing elfe but to reap all thofe Benefits to which
that Profeffion could carry him, and to the purfiiing
whereof He had fo many and fo unufual Encoii^
ragements 5 and towards which it was not the leaft,
that God had bleffed him with an excellent Wife,
who perfedly refigned herfelf to him 5 and whp
then had brought him, before any Troubles in the
Kingdom, three Sons and a Daughter, whieh He
then and ever looked upon as his greaceft Blefling
and Confolation»

BECAtrSB

Pitttl. Edward Etfr/g/^CLAKENDON. 67

Because we fliall have little Caufc hercafte? to iWJ-.Hyde'.
mention any other Particolars, in the cabn Part ^i^^^!^*^
his Life, whilft He followed the Study asid Prac-^f^sf^w
tice erf the Law, it will hot m this Place appca* ^ ^^
very impertinent Digreffion to fay, that He was,
in that very Time when Fortinne fecmed to finife
and to intend well towards him, and often aftcsr^p
wards throughout the whole Courfe of his Life,
wont to fay, that *' when He refkfted upon him-
•* felf, and his paft Aftions, even from the Time of
" his firft coming to the l^dMe Tempk^ He hsi
*^ much more Caufe to be terrified upon the Re-^
•' fle6lion, than the Man had, who viewed Rah^
^^ter Bridge in the Morning that it was brokssn,
•* and which He had galloped over in the Night %
" that He had pafTed over more Precipices dtan chd
•• other had done, for many Nights, znA Days^ and
•• Ibme Years together ; from which nothing bos
•* the immediate Hand of God could have pite-
^ ferved him.^ For though it is veiy true, the
Perfens before mentioned were the only Men^ ill
whofe Company, in thofe Seafons of his Life, He
Book Delight ; yet He frequently found himfeljf
ki the Converfetion of worfe, and indeed of alt
Manner of Men ; and it being in the Time when
the War was entered into againft the two Crowns ^
and the Expeditions made to, and unprofoerou9
Returns from CudiZy and the Ifle of Ree^ the Towri
was foil of Soldiers, and of young Gentlemen who
intended to be Soldiers, or as like them as They
cd^ild; great Licenfe ufed of all Kinds, in Cloaths^
in tSet, in Gaming-, and all Kind of Expenfe^r
equally carried on, by Men who had Fortunes of
tlirir own td lupport it, and by others, who having
nothing of their own, cared not what They Ipent,
^^rfiffllrThey could find Credit; fo that there wasf
aevcr an Age, in which in fo fhort a Time, fb
many young Gentlemei}, who had not Experience

E 2 in

the LIFE of Partt

in the World, or Ibme tutelar Angel to prote6t
them, were infenfibly a«id fuddenly overwhelm-
ed in that Sea of Wine, and Women, and Quar-
rels, and Gaming, which almoft overipread the
whole Kingdom, and the NobiKty and Gentry
thereof. And when He had, by God's immediate
Bkflmg, difentangled himfelf from ihefe Labyrinths (3i
(his Nature and Inclination difpofing him rather to
pafs through thofe diflblute Quarters, than to make
any Stay in them) and was enough compofed againft
any extravagant Excurfions ; He was ftill conver-*
iant with a Rank of Men (how worthy foever) above
his Quality ; and engaged in an Expenfe above his
Fortune, if the extraordinary Accidents of his Life
had not fupplied him for thofe Excefles ; fo that it
brought no Prejudice upon him, except in the Cen^
fure of fevcrc Men, who thought him a Perfon of
more Licenfe than in Truth He was ; and who in
a fhort Time were very fully reconciled to him.
And hit (mm He had without Doubt great Infirmities ; which
by a providential Mercy were feafonably reftraincd
from growing into Vices, at leaft into any that were
habitual. He had Ambition enough to keep Him
from being fatisfied with his own Condition, and to
taife his Spirit to great Defigns of raifing himfelf;
but not to tranfport him to endeavour it By any
crooked and indiredt Means. He was never fuf-
pefted to flatter the greateft Man ; or in the leaft
Degree to diflemble his own Opinions or Thoughts,
how ingrateful foever it often proved ; and even an
affefted Defeft in, and Contempt of thofe two ufe-
ful Qualities coft him dear afterwards. He indulged
his Palate very much, and took even fome Delight
in eating and drinking well, but without any Ap-;
proach to Luxury ; and, in Truth, rather difcourfed
like an Epicure, than was one •, having fpent much
Time in the eating Hours with the Earl of Darfetj
the Lord Conway^ and the Lord Jjmley^ Men who

excelled

CbaraBer.

PartL Edward £^/^Clarisndon^ ^9

excelled in gratifying their Appetites. He had t
Fancy (harp and luxuriant ; but fo carefully culti-
vated, and ftriftly guarded, that He never was heard
to fpeak a loofe or a profane Word ; which He
imputed to the Chaftity of the Perfons, where his
Converfation ufually was ; where that rank Sort of
Wit was religioufly detefted •, and a little Difcouil-
tenance would quickly root tbofe unfavoury Weeds
out of all Difcourfcs where Eerfons of Honour are
prefenc

He was in his Nature inclined to Pride and
Paflion ; and to a Humour, between Wrangling
and Dilputing, very troublefome j which good Com-
pany in a fliort Time fo much reformed and maf-
tered, that no Man was more ^flPable and courteous
10 all Kind of Perfons 'j and They who knew the
gre^t Infirmity of his whole Family, which abound-
ed in Paflion, ufed to fay. He had much excin-
guifhed the Unrulinefs of that Fire. That which
fapported and rendered him generally acceptable,
was his Generofity ( for He had too much a Con-
tempt of Money) and the Opinion Men had of the
Goodpofs, and Juftice of his Nature which was
trai^fcendeat in him, in a wonderful Tendernefs,
and Delight in obliging. His Integrity was ever
without Blemilh ; and believed to be above Temp-
tation. He was firm and unfliaken in his Friend-
Ihips : And though He had great Candour towards
others in the Differences pf Religion, tje was zea^
loufly and deliberately fixed in the Principles both
of the Doftrine and DifcipUne of the Chyrch : Yet
He ufed to fay to h^s neareft Friends, in that Time,
when He expefted another Kind of Calm for the.
Remainder of his Life, ** though He JiM fome
" glimmering Light of, and Inclination to Virtue
*^ in his Nature, thaf the whole Progrefs of his Life
^*had been full of jdefperate Hazards; and thaf
^'jonly the merciful Hand of God Almighty h^ad

E 3 ."pre-

TO 9ie LIFE of PartT

** prevented his being bodi an unfortunate and a
« vicious Man :" And He ftitt fidd, that « God had
•* vouchfafed that fignal Goodnefs to him, for the
** Piety and exemplar Viitiic of his Father and
^* Mother/* whoTe Menwry He had always in V©»
Iteration ; and He was pleafed with what his near^
Ally, and Bofom Friend Serjeant Hy3i (who was
afterwards Chief Juftice of the King's Bench) ufedfs^)
at that Time to fay of him, that his Coufin had
pafled his Time very luckily; and with notably
Succefs ; and was like to be very happy in the
World 5 but He would never advife any of his
Friends to walk in the fame Paths, or to tread in
his Steps.
Gvierai State I T was about the Year 1639, when he was little
^^^.D^i^i^i more than thirty Years of Age ; and when Etigland
enjoyed the greateft Meafure of Felicity, tl^t it
had ever known 5 the two Crowns of France and
Spain worrying each other, by their mutual Incur-
lions and Invafions ; whilft They had both a Civil
War in their own Bowels ; the former, by frequ«it
Rebellions from their own Fa6)ion$ and Animofi-
ties ; the latter, by the Defeftion of Portugal \ and
both laboured more to ranfack and burn each
other's Dominions, than to extinguilh their own
Fire. AH Gerfnan^ weltering in its own Blood ;
and contributing to each other's Deftrudbion, that
the poor Crown of Sweden might grow great out of
their Ruins, and at their Charge : Denmark and
Poland being Adventurers in the fame deftruQive
Enterprizes. HoUand and the United Provinces wea-
ried and tired with their long and chargeable War,
how pro^rous foever They were in it ; and be-
ginning to be more afraid of France^ their Ally,
than of SpMtj their Enemy. Itahf^ every Year in*
fefted by the Arms of Spain and Frame \ which
divided the Princes thereof into the feveral Fac-
tions.

Of

Part I; Edward £^/ g^ Clarendon. 71

Of all the Princes of Europe^ the King of Eng-
kmd alone feemed to be feated upon that pleafant
Promontory, that might fafely view the tragick Suf-
^Suinga pf all hi? Neighbour$ about him, without
any other Concernment, than what arofe from hi*
own princely Heart, aixJ Chriftian Compaffion, to
fee fuch Defofetion wrought by the Pride, and Paf-
jBpri, and Ambition of private Pcrfong, fupported
by Princes, who knew not what themfelves woulcj
have. His three Kingdoms flourifhing in entire
Peacft and univerfal Plenty ; in Danger of Nothing
but their own Surfeits ; and his Dominions every
Day enlarged, by fending out Colonies upon large
and fruitfol Plantations; his ftrong Fleets com-
manding all Seas ; and the numerous Shipping of
the Nation bringing the Trade of the ^orld into
his Ports; nor could it with unqueftionable Se-
curity be carried any whither elfe ; and all thefe
Bleflings enjoyed, under a Prince of the greateft Cle-
mency and Juftice, and pf the greateft Piety and
DevQtion> and the moft indulgent to his Subjeds, and
jpoft fpjicitous for their Happinefs and Profperity.

fortunati nimiutHy honafijua rwrintl

Ik this blcfled Conjunfture, when no other Prince
thought He wanted any Thing, to compafs what
He mit^ defired to be ppflefled of, but the Affec-
tion and FriendQiip of the King of Englani\ a
ihiaU, fcarce difcernable Cloud arofe in the North %
wl^cb W86 iboftiy after attended with fuch a Storm,
tbfit never gave over ra^ng, till it had fhaken, and
even rooud up the greateft and talleft Cedars of the
thnee Nations; blafted all its Beauty and Frmt-
fulnefs ; brought its Strength to Decay, and its
Glory to Reproach, and almoft to Defolation ; by
fuch a Career, and Deluge oH Wickednefs, and Re-
bellion, aa by not being enough forefeen, or, in
Truth, fufpcftcd, could not be prevented.

E 4 Upon

7* The L I F E of Parti.

Upon the Rebellion in Scotland, in the Year
1640, the King called a Parliament^ which met
according to Summons upon the 3d of jfpril Mr.
ASr. Hyde fjyJe was chofen to ferve for two Places ; for the
tfftJw'oi Borough of Wotton-Bajfet in the County of TViUs ;
ton-Biuret. and for the Borough of Sbaftejbiory^ in the County
of Dorfet ; but made Choice to ferve for his Neigh-
bours of the former Place ; and fo a new Writ (37)
iffued for the Choice of another Burgefs for Sbaftef-
bury.

The next Day after Mr. Pjm had recapitiilatcd
the whole Series of the Grievances, and Mifcar-
f^atintbe ^^^8^^' which had been in the State; Mr. Hyde told
jH^felf^ the Houfe, that "that worthy Gentleman had o-
p"*^^' *' mitted one Grievance, more heavy than (as He
** thought ) many of the others ; which was, the
" Earl Marfliars Court ; a Court newly erdfted,
<* without Colour or Shadow of Law, which took
" upon it to fine, and imprifon the King's Subjefts ;
*' and to give great Damages for Matters which the
♦' Law gkve no Damages for." He repeated a plea-
fant Story of a Citizen, who being rudely treated,
for more than his Fare came to, by a Wate;rpian,
who prefling him, ftill fhewed his Creft or Badge
upon his Coat, the Citizen bad him begone with
ins Goofe% whereas it was in Truth, a Swan, the'
Creft of an Earl, whofe Servant the Waterman was ;
whereupon the Citizen was called into the Marflial's
Court, and after a long and chargeable Atten-
dance, was, for the opprobrious dijhonouring the EarFs
Creft^ by calling the Swan a Goofe^ fined, and im-
prifoned, till He had paid confiderable Damages to
' the Lord, or at leaft to the Waterrtian ; which real-
ly undid the Citizen.

H E told them another Story as ridiailous, of a
Gentleman, who owing his Taylor a long Time, a
good Sum of Money for Cloaths, and his Taylor
coming one Day tg his Chamber, with more than

ordinary

Part I. Edward Earl (^/Clarendon. 73

ordinary Importunity for his Debt, and not receiv-
ing any good Anfwer, threatened to arreft him ;
upon which the Gentleman enraged, gave him very
ill Words, called him bafe Fellow, and laid his
Hands upon him, to thruft him out of his Cham-
ber ; in this Struggle, and under this Provocation,
Oppreflion, and Reproach, the poor Taylor chanced
to fay, that He was as good a Man as the other ;
for which Words He was called into the MarfhaPs
Court ; and for his Peace, was content to be fatif-
fied his Debt, out of his own ill Manners ; being
compelled to releafe all his other Demands in Lieu
of Damages. The Cafe was known by many, and
detefted by all.

H E told them, that " there was an Appendant
** to that Court, which He called the Pageantry of
*' it, the Heralds, who were as grievous to the Gen-
" try, as the Court was to the People. He faid,
" that fure the Knights of that Houfe, when They
*' received that Honour from the King, though
" They might think themfelves obliged to live at
" a higher Rate, yet They believed, that They
" might die as good cheap as other Men ; He told
"them They could not, it would coft them ten
** Pounds more ; and yet a Gentleman could not
" die for Nothing.** The Heralds had procured fuch
an Order from the Earl Marflial, to force all Perfons
to pay at their Funerals fuch feveral Sums, accord-
ing to their Iqyeral Degrees. He concluded with a
Defire, that when the Wifdom of that Houfe pro-
vided Remedies againft the other Grievances, it
would likewife fecure the Subjeft againft this Ex-
orbitance, This Reprefentation was very accept-
able to the Houfe, both in Refpeft of the Matter,
which was odious enough •, and in Regard of the
Perlbn that ufurped that monftrous Jurildiclion,
who was in no Degree grateful to them •, upon
Whoo) He that made the Motion, had not made

the

74 I'he L I F E of Parti.

the leaft ReHeaion. The Modefty of that Time
not permitting the Mention of great Men, with
any Reproach, until their Offences were firft exa-
mined, and proved ; and tlus being the firft Part
He had adted upon that Stage, brought him much
Applaufe i and He was ever afterwards heard with
great Benignity.
mmdeavoun u p o N the Warm Debate in the Houfc of Com*
'hiffoiutiJof mons, concerning the giving the King Money, Mr.
«6fP4»-A>. jjy^ obferved by the feveral Difcourfes of many oiW
the Court, who were of near Admilfion to the Kim
and Queen, and hke to make probable GueffiC
that They behevcd, the King would be fo much
difpleafcd at the Proceedings of the Houie, that
He would diflblve them ; which He believed would
prove the mod fatal Refolution could be taken. As
loon as the Houfe was up. He went over to l^mn-
ietby to the Archbilhop ; whom He found walking
in his Garden, having received a full Account of
all that had pafled, from Perfons who had made
more Hafte from the Houfe. He appeared fad,
and iuU of Thoughts ; and calling the other to him,
Icemed willing to hear what He would lay. He
told him, " that He would not trouble him with
" the Relation of any Thing that had paflfed, of
*' which He prefumed He had received a ^ood Ac-
*' count ; that his Bufinefs was only to inform liim
**of his own Fears and Apprehenfions 5 and the
"Obfervation He had made upon the Difcourfes
*' of fome confkkrable Men of the Court ; as if the
** King might be wrought upon, becaufe there had
*' not been that Expedition ufcd as He expe^ed,
"fpeedily to diflblve the Parliament. That He
" came only to befeech him to ufe all his Credit,
" to prevent fuch a defper^ Counfel ; which wouU
" produce great Mifchief to the King, and to the
" Church : That He was confident the Houie was
" as well oonftituted and difpofed, as ever Houfe of

"Com-

Part L Edward Ear! g^ Clarendon. 75

^ Commons was, or would be : That the Number
** of the difaflfedted to Church, or State, was very
^ finall ; arid though They might obftrud for fomc
" Time the quick refolving upon what was Jit, They
** would never be able to pervert their good Incli-
^^ nations and Defires to ferve the King."

The Archbilhop heard him very patiently, and
feid. He believed the King would be very angry at
the Way of their Proceedings; for that in this Con-
jun&ure, the delaying, and denying to do what He
(fefired, was the fame Thing -, and therefore He be*
iievBd it probable, that He would diflblve them •,
without which He could not enter upon other
Couniels. That for his own Part, He was refolved
to deliver no Opinion ; but as He would not per*
foade the Diflfolution, which might be attended by
Conieqnences He could not forefee, ib He had not
& good an Opinion of their Afiet^ions to the King,
or the Church, as to perfuade their longer Sitting,
if the King were inclined to dtiS)lve them. As He
adually did on the 4th or 5th of M^^ not three
Weeks after their firft Meetings

Th B Temper and Conftitution of both Houfes He is again
of Psuiiament, which the King was forced to call^'^^^p^^^
fliortly after, and met on the 3d oi November 1640, /'^«»^.
was very diflfarent from the laft : And They difco-
vered not more Prejudice againft any Man, than
againft Mr. Hyde ; who was again returned to ferve
there, and wliiom They were forry to find amongft
diem ; as a Man They knew well to have great
Afledkion for the Archbifhop •, and of unalterable
Defotion to die Government of the Church ; and
therefons They firft laboured to find fome Defoft in
Us Eiedtion ; and then to irrecondle thofe towards
hiai, who They found had any Efteem or Kind-
ncfs for him: But not finding the Succefs in either,
anfoperable to their Expefbation, They Hved fairly
uwards iiim^ aod endeavoured by feveral Applica-

tions.

•

76 The L I F E of ' Parti.

tions, to gain Credit with him ; who returned them
their own Civilities ; having had very particular
Acquaintance with many of them, whom 'He as
much endeavoured to preferve from being prevail-
ed upon.
^|ro»m Within few Days after their Meeting, He re-
rftSs'^ newed the Motion He had made in the laft Parlia-
^j^** ment, againft the Marfhal's Court, (though He (39)
knew the Earl Marflial had gotten himfelf much
into their Favour, by his Application, and fome
Promifes He had made to them at the Meeting at
Tork^ and principally by his declared Averfion
and Prejudice to the Earl of Strafford) and told
them what extravagant Proceedings there had been
in that Court, fince the Diffolution of the laft Par-
liament ; and that more Damages had been given
there, by the fole Judgment of the Lord Marihal,
for contumelious and reproachful Words, of which
the Law took no Notice, in two Days, than had
been given by all the Juries, in all the Courts in
Wejiminjlir Hall, in the whole Term, and the Days
for Trial after it was ended. Upon which He got
a Committee to be named, of which himfelf fat
in the Chair ; and found that the firft Precedent
They had in all their Records, for that Form of
Proceedings which They had ufed, and for giving
of Damages for Words, was but in the Year 1 633 v
and tlie very Entrance upon this Inquifition put
zn End to that upftart Court, which never pre&m«-
ed to fit afterwards ; and fo that Grievance was
thoroughly abolifhed. And to manifeft how great
an Impreflion the Alarums of this Kind made upon
the higheft and the proudeft Natures, the very
next Sunday after this Motion was made in the
Houfe of Commons, the Earl Marfhal, feeing Mf.
Hyde in the Clofet at JVhiteball, during the Time of
the Sermon, He came with great Courtefy to him,-
thanked him for having treated his Perfon fo civilly^.

wheo

P^t L Edward Earl of Clarendon. 77

when u|)on fo juft Reafon He had found Fault with
ibme of his Adtions; faid. He believed He had
been in the Wrong •, but that He had been mifled
by the Advice of Sir Harry Martin^ and other Civi-
lians, who were held Men of great Learning, and
who aflured him, that thofe Proceedings were juft
and lawful. He faid. They had gained well by it^
but fhould miflead him no more : And concluded
with great Profeflions of Kindnefs, and Efteem;
and oflfered him all Offices in his Power ; when in
bis Heart, He did him the Honour to deteft and
hate him perfcdUy; as He profeffed to all whom
He trufted. ,

His Credit grew every Day in the Houfe, in
Spite of all the Endeavours, which were ufed to
IdSen it. And it being evident, that He had no
Depeqdftnce upon the Court, and infifled wholly
upon maintaining what the Law had eftablifhed,
very many wife Men, and of Eftate, and Reputa-
tion in the Kingdom (who obferved well the crook-
ed, and ambitious Defigns of thofe, who defired uy
be thought to care only for the good of their Coun-
try) adhered to him 5 and were willing to take Ad-
nce from him, how. to prevent thofe Miferies, which
were like to be broijght upon the Kingdom : So
that They who had cut out all the Work from the.
Spinning, and feldom met with any notable Con-
tradidiion, found themfelves now frequently difap-^
pointed ; and different Refolutions taken, to what
They had propofed 5 which They imputed to his
Adivity,

He was very much in the Bufinefs of the Houfe :
The greateil Chairman in the Committees of the
majteft Moment; and very diligent in attending
me Service both in the Houfe, and at Committees :
FcMP He had from the Beginning of the Parliament ^ ^,^^
laid afide his Gown and Pra£tice, and wholly given biidnuyad
himfdf up to the publick Bufincfe ; which He faw ^*^

78 rbe LIFE ^ Parti.

£> mach concerned the Peace, and verf Being of
die Kingdom. He was in the Chair of that C6m«

' mittee which confidered of the lUegaUty of the
Court of Tark : And the other, that examined the
Mifcarriagp of the Judges, in the Cafe c^ Ship-
Money, and in other Cafes of Judicatory, in riieir
ieveral Courts-, and prepared Charges theitupofi
againft them. He was in the Chair agaii^ the
Marfhal's Court: In that Committee whkh was
againft the .Court of Tork ; which was fsxxfeciited(4o)
with great Paflion, and took up many Weeks De-
bate : In that which concerned ^ Juiifdi^on d
the Lord Prefident, and Council, of the Marches
of Wales y which likewife held a long Hmc^ and
was prof^uted with great Bittemefs and Aninx>«
fity ; in which the Inhabitants of the four neigh-
bour Counties of Sahp^ JVorc^er^ Her^wiy and
Gloaftir, and confequently the ICnights, and Bitr-
geflbf which ferved for the fame, were paffimatdy
con^med to abfc^e themfelves from ttie Burthen
of that jurifdidlion ; and all the Oflkers of that
Court, and Council, whereof fbme were very greac
Men, and held Offices oi great Value, hiboured
with equal Paifion and Concernment to fiippon,
and maintain what was in Prafiace, and Poflefiion %
and their Friends appeared accordingly.

H £ was in the Chair in many Committees made
upon private Complaints: Inibmuch as He ww
feldom in the Afternoon free from that Service in
the Committees ; as He was never abient in Mor*
nings from the Houfe : And He was often heard
to mention one private Committee, in which He
was put accidentaUy into the Chair, upon an ln«*
dofore which had been made of fome great Waftes,,
bdonging to fome of the Queen's Manors, without

, the Gaifent of the Tenants, the Benefit whercol
had been given by the Queen to a Servant of near
Truft s who forthwith feld the Lands indofed u^

the

Part !'• Edward Earl of Clarendon, 79

the Earl of Manchefler^ Lord Privy Seal ; who to-
gether with his Son Mindevil^ were now moft con-
cerned to maintain the Inclofure; againft which^
as well the Inhabitants of other Manors, who claim-
ed Common in thofe Waftes, as the Queen's Te-
nants of the fame, made loud Complaints, as a great
Oppreflion, carried upon them with a very high
Hand, and fupj)orted by Power.

Th B Committee fat in the Queen's Court 5 and the/uft
Oliver Cromwell being one of them, appeared much ^c^^^
concerned to countenance the Petitioners, who were wdi's^mw-
nunierous, together with their Witnefles ; the Lord ^^^^
MandevU being likewife prcfent as a Party, and by
the Direftion of the Committee, fitting covered :
Cromwell (who had never before been heard to fpeak
in the Houfe of Commons) ordered the WitnefJcs
and Petitioners in the Method of the Proceeding ;
and fdconded, and enlarged upon what They faid
with great PafTion ; and the Witnefles and Perfons
concerned, who were a very rude Kind of People,
interrupted the Council and Witnefles on the other
Side, with great Clamour, when They faid any
Thing that did not pleafe them -, fo that Mn Ifyde
(whofe Office it was to oblige Men of all Sorts to
keep Order) was compelled to ufe fome fharp Re-
proofs, and fome Thrieats, to reduce them to fuch
a Temper, that the Bufinefi might be quietly heard.
Crofffivell in great Fury reproached the Chairman
for being partial, and that He diicountenanced the
Witneffts by threatening them ; the Other appeal-
ed to the Committee, which juftified him, and de-
clared, that He behaved himfelf as He ought to
do ; which more enflamed him, who was already
too much angry. When upon any Mention of Mat-
ter of Faft, or the Proceeding before, and at the
Inclofure, the Lord Mandevil defired to be heard,
and with great Modefly related what had been done,
or explained what had been faid, Mr« Cromwell did

anfwer.

8o The L I F E of PartL

anfwer, and reply upon him, with fo much Inde-
cency and Rudenefs, and in Language fo con-
trary and offenfive, that every Man would have
thought, that as their Natures, and their Manners
were as oppofite as it is poflible^ (o their Intereft
could never have been the fame. In the End, his
whole Carriage was fo tempeftuous^ and his Beha-
viour fo infolent, that the Chairman found himfelf
obliged to reprehend him ; and to tell him, if He
proceeded in the fame Manner, He would prdently(4il
adjourn the Committee j and the next Morning com-
plain to the Houfe of him •, which He never forgavje;
and took all Occafions afterwards to purfue him with
the utmoft Malice and Revenge, to his Death.

When Mr, Hyde fat in the Chair, in the grand
Committee of the Houfe, for the Extirpation of
Epifcopacy, . all that Party made great Court to
him •, and the Houfe keeping thofe difbrderly
Hours, and feldom rifing till after four of the
Clock in the Afternoon, They frequently impor-
tuned him to dine with them, at Mr. Pytn^s Lodg-
ing, which was at Sir Richard Manlfs Houfe, in a
little Court behind JVejtmt^er HaU\ where He,
and Mr. Hawhdeny Sir Arthur Hajlerigj and two or
three more, upon a Stock kept a Table, where They
tranfaded much Bufmefs ; and invited thither thofe,
of whofe Converfion They had any Hope.

One Day after Dinner, Nathaniel Fiennes:, who
that Day likewife dined there, aflced Mr. H^dej
whether He would ride into the Fields, and take
a little Air, it being a fine Evening ; which the
other confenting to. They fent for their Horfes,
and riding together in the Fields, between Wefl-
^cw>. mnjler and Chelfeaj Mr. Fiemes alked him, what
Fi^. *** it was that inclined him to adhere fo paffionately to
the Church, which could not poffibly be fupported.
He anfwered, that He could have no other Obli-
gation than that of his own Cpnfcience and his,

Reafon^

PartL Edward E^r/g/'CLARtNpoM. Bi

Reaibn, that could move with him ; for He had hd
Relation or Depcndance lipon any Churchmen
that could diipofe him to it^ th^t He could not
conceive how Religion could be preferved without
Biihpps ; nor how the Government of the State
could well (iibfift, if the Government of the Church
were altered ; and alked him what Government
They meant to introduce in its Place: To which
He anfwered, that there would be Time enough to
think of diat ^ but aflured him, and wifhed him tcr
remember what He faid, that if the King refolved
to defend the Bifhops, it would coft the Kingdom
much Blood ; and would be the Occafion of as fharp
a War, as had ever been in England: For that there
was a great Number of good Men, who refolved to>
lofe their Lives, before They would ever fubmit to
that Government. Which was the firft pofitive De-*
daration He bad ever heard from any particular
Man of that Party ; very few of them having at
that Time that Refolution, much lels avowing it; ^

and if They had, the Kingdom was in no Degree
at that Time infefted with that Poifon, how much
Ibever it was fpread afterwards.

Within two Days after this Difcourfe from Mr.'
Fimnesy Mr. Hydcy walking between the Parliament
Houfe and JVeftminfter^ in the Church -Yard met
with Harry Martin j with whom He lived very fa- -^WwVA
miliarly ; and (peaking together about the Proceed- ^J^*^^
ings of the Houfes, Martin told him, that He would
undo himfelf by his adhering to the Court-, to which
He replied, that He had no Relation to the Court,
and was. only concerned to maintain the Govern-
m^t, and preferve the Law : And then told him
He could not conceive what He propofcd to him-
felf, for He did not think him to be of the Opi-
nion, or Nature with thofe Men, who governed the
Houfe ; and afked him what He thought of fuch
and iuch Men^ and He very frankly angered, that

Vol.1. F He

8i The L 1 F E ,0/ Parti

He thought them Knaves ) and that when Th^
had done as nrmch as They ^mtcnded to doj Thejr
ibould be Ufed A% They had ufed bthers. The
other prtScd him then to fay what He defired ; to
which, after a Ktdc Paufe, He very roundly anfwered^

^//^"L- ^ ^ ^^ ^^^ ^^ ^^^^ ^^ emi^b to govim us all:
pMium. 'which was the firft Word He had ever heard any
Man Ipeak to that Purpofe; and would without
Doubt, if it had been then communicated or ttt^it^)
tempted, been the moft abhorred by the whole Na-^
tion, of any Dcfign that couM be maitioned ; and
yet it appears it had even fo early entered into the
Hearts of fome defperate Perfbns : That Gehdeman
being at that Time poflefled of a very great Fortune^
aiKl having great Credit in his Country.
• Whilst Things were thus dependingy one Mor^*'
ning, whto tbert was a Conference with the Lords^
and fb the Houfe adjourned, Mr. Hyde being wa&-^
mg in the Houfe, Mr. Peirtyy Brother to the Earf
m, Hyde If of Nortktmdperlandj being a Member of the Hou&,
^'>^'^came to him, and told him, that the King wotdd
"*' ipeak with him, and would have him that After-
noon to come to him. He anfwered. He beliewd
it was fome Miftake, ft>r that He had not the Ho-
nour to he known to the King ^ and that there was
another of the fame Name, of the Houfe. Mr*
Peirxy affured him. He was the Man ; and fb it
was agreed, that at fuch an Hour in.the iEvien*
ing. He *^ould call on him at his Chamber; whkji
He did, and was by him condu£bed iotio die Gal^
lery, and fo into the fquare Room ; where He .ftaM
till the other went to the King 5 who in a very (koct
Time came thither, attended only by Mr* Priny^
who, as foon as Mr. H^dehscA kified his iMajefly's
Hand, withdrew.
^AJ^rV The King told him, "that He heard ftomaH
^nfm. " Hands, how ftiuch He was behbkfen to kim^j afid
^* that when all his Servants in tbe Houfe c(f Cotsh*

. '^OTons

fart J. Edward JE^ir/g^ Clarendon.

'^ mon^ ekher negleded hU S^r^ice, fH* cpuld AQt
'^ gppe^r ufefuUy in it. He took all Occ^iom^ tp dp
^* \am Service 5 for which K{e thopghf fit fio gji^
- ' hiin his own Thanks, and to a^ure him diiat l^
^* WQJLild repvember it to his Ady4nt9gB." Ife W)|t
Notice of his AfFeftion to the Church, for whidj.
He faid, ^* He thanjged him ipore th^n iV fU the
•* reft ;" which the gthpr acknowledged iwrittf {|gp
Puty di^t becm^e him 5 ^nd faW , " jH? va? yg?y
*^ happy, t^at hi$ M^'efty y^ pl^a^id wi«h ^v^#|C
^ He did ; hiutif He had comm^pded hiip to ha^
*^ withdrawn his AflfeJtion and Reverence ^ d]^
*^ Church, He would not have obeyis^ Wm y'^i^sk
his Majefty faid, made him loy^ hm tj^c bfitp^r.
Then He dilcouifed of the P^Bion pf s\ip J4^i^
and of the Bill thf a brwght in ^g^ioft fipif^pp^:^
and aiked him, ^^ whethier He thought: 1j}ey v^}i
i^ht able to carry it;" to whid]L He ^ofyfe^^
i^He believed They could not, ^ k9&9 tbiyc Jf
<f would be very loi^ iirft:.** ^VN«iy (replied >^
^King) ifyou'Ulooktoit, that They do not :<^«.
i*ry it ihefore I ^ for Scotlandj .whidi will be ^
^ fuch a Time, when the Armies Ihall be diibftncfeJ^
^I will undertake for the Church after that Tim^i
^ why then (laid the other) by the^Grace.of jGod*:^
^^ will not Jbe in much Danger :^^ Wvt^ which )t]^9
King was well pleafed ; and difmiJfled him with very
gracious Expreflions. And^ this was tif& firit Intro-
duflion of him to the King'ij taking NotiGC of ^lim/
Afterwards in that Summer, during the Tinje
of his Majefty*s Stay in Scotland, Mr. Secretary M*
cbolas (who then kept the Signet, though He was
not fwom Secretary till the King's Return) being
very fick, lent to him, to defire to fpeak with him ;
whereupon He went to him to his Houfe in King^s^
Street ; and found him in his Bed : And the Bufi*
nefs was wholly to Ihew him a Letter from the King
to him, in which He writ to him, that He under-

F 2 flood

V

84 He L 1 P E of Partt

-itood by feveral Hands, that He was very much
beholden to Mr. Hyde for the great Zeal He fhew-
cd to his Service ; and therefore convrtianded him to
Ipeak with him, and to let him know the Senfe He
had of it •, and that when He returned, He would
let him know it himfelf.

Having now taken a View of him from his (43
Birth, and through his whole Youth, and firft En-
trance into the Bufinefs of the World, in which
"He had great Succefs and Prolperity, (arid if the
Calm, in which He was born, and lafted fo long,
had continued, no Man could with more Probabi-
fity have promifed himfelf better Fortune in the
Profeffion to which He had dedicated himfelf) and
having now brought him to be known to the King ;
and the Tempeft, that from the prefent foul Wea-
ther Ihortly dter broke out, driving him from far-
ther applying himfelf to, or profecuting that Pro-
feffion; and the Parliament making fome fhort Re-
tefi, during the King's being in Scotland ; we will
here conclude the firft Part of his Life, and enter
iipon the fecond, which wU contain a more im-
portant Part •, and in which We will mention no
Particulars of that aftive Time, but fuch in which
He had a fignal Part ; leaving the reft to the Hifto-
ry of thofe great and monftrous Actions.

Montpelier.
2yth of Marcbf 1669. j.

The

( 85 )

The L I F E of

E p w A R J) Earl of C l a r e n d o n'

From his Birth to the Reftoration of the
Royal Family in the Year 1660.

PART the SECOND. ^.

{44) ^X THEJ*J fhe Remonftra;ic.e of the State of
%/L/ the Nation, and its particular Grievari-
T T pes, was (by Order ofthe Houfe of Com-
mons) printed ; Mr. Hyde^ only to give Vent to his a*-. Hyde
own Indignation, and without the ieaft Purpofe of ^^J^X
comniunicating it, or that any Ufc flipuld be made P^a^memu
of it, had drawn fuch a fuU Aitfwpr to it, as the *'*^'^****
SubjeA would have ejiabled anv Man to have done»
who h^ thought of it : And the Lord Digby^ who
had much Converfation and Fnendfhip with him,
coming accidentally an4 fyddenly into the Room,
where He was alone amongll his Books and Par
pers ; conferring together of the extravagant Pror.
ceedings c^ the Parliament, He, upon the Familia-^
rity that was between them, and upon the Argu-
ment that was then between them, read the An^
fwer to hin> which He had prepared to the Remon-
ftrance v with which He feemed much pleafed, and
defired him that He would permit it to be made
Ufe of by the King, and that He might ihew it to
h^ Majefty -, who found it abfolutcly neceflary to

F 3 publilh

S6 rbe LIFk of Part II.

publifli fome Anfwer in his own Name to that Re-
monftrance, which had fo much poifoned the Hearts
of the People ; and that his Majefty was endeavour-
ing to procure fuch an Anfwer to be drawn. The
other exprefsly and pefitively refufed to give it him,
or that any Ufe ftiould be made of it ; and reproach-
ed him for propofing a Thing to him, which might
I^itoVe ruinous to hitaii if tke Houfefhould hiVdth*
lead Imagination that He exercifcd himfelf in fuch
Offices : With which Anfwer He feemed fatisfied,
and departed : No other Perfon having feen it but
the Lord Falkland, from whom Nothing was ever
concealed.

Within few Days after, the Lord Bighy^ with
whom the King advifed in the Bufinefs of the Par-
liament without Referve, came again to him ; and
after fome Apologies, told him freely, that very
many had been with the King, defiring Mm- that
Hfe would take Care that fome Anfwer mijg^t be
publiftied to that Remfohftrahce ; which had alrfca-
dy done much Harm, ahd would do thuch ttiott ff
it were not inlwei'ed •, ahd that the King had fpb-
ken to hiih; uJjoti \vhich He had confefftrd that He
had feen an Arifwei-, that pteafed him vety W6ll;(4s)
but cbuld not prevail with the Author of it to M-
fcr it to be made Ufe of ; and told him who it
was : Whefeivpdn the King feemed to wonder vfeiy
much, that. irerifbn Hvho had appeared fo ^pufbUdk-
ly ih Defence bf his Sertrit^, fliould be fo ^aiy of
gifting hini in ^ivkte: Alfd after manyE}tf):fefttori&
of Gi-ace toWdras that Oehtiemaii, his MijfeSy had
cdmitianded hrrll to Comii in his N'amfe to niih y atid
i6 conjure hihi'tb fentl that i^aper to him • artd to
avfe hrih his koyal WdrtJ, that no JP^erfon Svih'^
ftotrid know 1A(2X He hid the te'dft Hahd iii It •
fo that i^O Dkrfget fliOtiia kgWie tci Wti th?tt^

Part U. Edward EarJ of Clarendon. 87^

Mr. Hyde, though He was verjr unfatisfied
with what die Lord Digiy had done (whofe Affec-^
tion to him He did not in any Degree make Quef-
tbn of, but did not Uke his over A&iyity, to which
his rcBdcik Fancy always di(pofed him ; and ^ He
doubted not, that him&lf had given the Qccafioa
ID the King to fend thofe Commands, {o He had
likewiie enlarged thofe Commands, as He beUeved^
in iiich a Manner as He thought might moft ob-
lige him) jet upon the real Confideradon that it
might do die Kmg much Service, He did without
Delay deliver the Papers : Infifting upon the Pro-
mife of Secrecy,, and likewiie, that his Majefty
would not publiih, widiout firft oommunicadng it
to ids Council, and as done with their Advice.
And to that Purpofe He affixed that Tide to it,
before He delivered the Papers out of his Hands ;
believing that as it would be tnore far the King's
Servioe to carry fuch an Authority in the Front of

cil^ fi> it oouid not be refiiied bf diem, and yet
might engage them in ibme DHpteafuie widi the
Houfe of Commons, which probably might be of-
fended at it. The King was very punAual in doing
wluit was defined; and cauied it to be read at a fiiil
Council; where many of the Lords commended it
very nrach, and none fpake againft it ; and io k
was piihlifcfri and printed : And it was very ^pa-
lent « all Men, that the King's Service was very ir^^^i^
madk advanced by it: And it wasAot more evident ^jf^^
loaiiy, than to tfacHoufe of Commons; who knew a^
wicbKmiD niakeany£3i^x)ftulationupon it, it be-
ing in the Kin^s own Name, and p«ibliihed with
die Advice of his Privy Council ; fo that all They
coidd do, was ^ocndeavour to difcover who was du;
J^eBoar^kit^ to which Difeovery They were moft
infieat bf ill their iecret Friends in Court ; who

F 4 found

83: The L 1 F E of PartlL

found Means to difcover moft other Secrets to
them, but in this could do them no Service.

A s foon as the Lord Falkland and Sir John Cole-
pepper were called to the Privy Council, the King
fent for Mr. Hyde to him, who had not fcen his Ma-
jefly from the Time He had been prefented by Mr.
Peircy. He commanded the Lord Digby to bring
him when it was Night to the Queen's back Sta'u^ ;
and as foon as He was there, both King and Queen
came into the Room ; and when He had kifled their
Hands, and the Lord Digby was withdrawn, the
King told him '* He was much beholden to him for
*' many good Services ; and that now He had pre-
** ferred two of his Friends, it was Time to give
*' Him fome Teftimony of his Favour; and thcre-
*' fore He had fent to him to tell him, that He in-
** tended to make him his Solicitor-General, in the
" Place of him who had ferved him fo ill,'* Mr.
Hyde^ fuddenly anfwered, " God forbid ! " With
Mr Hyde which the King feeming furprifed^ faid " why God
(^TJsoii- ^^ forbid ? " The other replied, " it was in no De-
titorJStncrai. « gree fit at this Time that He fhould remove the
^' other ; and if He were removed, himfelf was in
*Vno Degree fit for it." The Queen faid, **Hc
*' ought not to fuffer for his Modefty : She had-
** heard Men, who could judge well, fay, that He
" was as fit for it as the other". Mr. Hyde faid
^* that was an Argument that Gentleman thoughtU^)
*' the other not fit for it, not that He believed him
*' fit •,' which in Truth He faid He was not. That
*'it might be, that when the Place was aftually
*' void, the King might have filled it better with
^* another Man, than with Mr. St. John ; whofe Parts
*' were not above many others ; and his A£Fe6lions
" were below moft Mens : But now that He was
•* inverted in that Office, it was not a good Con-
" jundlure to remove him ; and when it fhould be,
^^ He 4id humbly a4vife his Majefty to make Choice

IWtll: Edward £/ir/^CLARj:NDON. 89^

*' of the ableft Man of the Profeffion, whole Affec*'
*' tions were clear ; by whom He might indeed
** have great Benefit -, whereas himielf was young,
*' and without any of that Learning or Experience,
*' which might make him capable of that great
*'Truft." The Queen faying again this was his
Modefly, He replied, ''^ Madam when you know
*' me better, you will not find me fo modeft a Man,
** but that I hope by your Majefty's Favour ih due
*'Time to be made a better Man, than I am at
*' prefent-, but if you believe that I know any Thing
**of the Difpofition of the prefent Time, or of
** what may conduce to the King's Service, I pray
" believe, that though the Solicitor will never do
*' much Service, He will be able to do much more
** MMchief if He be removed/' The King at the
lame Time refolved to remove another Officer, who
did diflerve him notorioufly, and to prefer Mr. Ityde
to that Place ; with which their gracious Intention*
both their Majefties acquainted him ; but He po-
fitively refufed it ; and aflured both their Majefties,
that He fliould be able to do much more Service in
the Condition He was in.

Bbforie the King left Whitehall He renewed his He Uetitrt^
Commands to the three Perlbns mentioned before, foi^lftim
the Lord Vifcount Falkland, Sir John Colepepper^ and King^*^-
Mr. Hfde^ to meet conftantly together, and confult-f^^*'"
upon his Affairs ; and conduft them the beft Way
They could in the Parliament ; and to give him
conftant Advice what He was to do ; without which
He declared again very folemnly He would make
no Step in the Parliament. Two of them were ob-
liged by their Offices and Relations, and the other
by his I>uty and Inclination, to give him all Satif-
faftion; notwithflanding the Difcourageinent They
had io laixrly received, in the King's going to the
Houie to demand the five Members, without ever
CQmiQ^nicating bis Intention to then) \ and which

had

9a ^he L I F E of • P^rtlL

had made a deep Impreflion upon them. And fo
They met every Night late together; and commu-
nicated their Otfervation and Intelligence of the
Day 5 and fo agreed what was to be done, or at-
tempted the next ; there being very many Perfons
of Condition and Intereft in the Houfe, who would
follow their Advice, and affifl: in any Thing They
defired. And bccaufe Mr. Hyde had larger Accom-
modation in the Houfe where He lived in fFefimin-
fter, than eithet of the other had, the Meetings at
Night were for the moft Part with him ; and after
their Deliberation together, what was to be put in
Writing was always committed to Mr. Itfde. ; and
when the King had left the Town, He writ as freely
to the King as either of the other did -, and fome-
times when They would be excufed, He went to
him in great Secret.

H E had been from the Beginning very imbdov*
ed by all the governing Party -, and though They
took fome Pains at firft to win him, yet their Hope
of that was quickly defperate ; and from the Ni^t
of the Proteftation, He was as much in their Detcf-
tation as any Man ; and the more, that They could
take no Advantage againft him : And though They
had a better Opinion of his Difcretion, than to be-
lieve He had any Share in the Advice of the late
. Proceedings, yet They were very willing that others
fhould believe it ; and made all the Inniiions They
could to that Purpofe amongft thofe, who took their (47)
Opinions from them -, towards which his known
Friendfhip with the Lord Digh ^^ ^^ Argument
very prevalent ; and then his (^pofmg the Votes
upon their Privilege had inflamed liiem beyond
their Temper ; infomuch as Mr, Hanbden told, iiim
one Day, that the Trouble that had lately befallen
them had been attended with that BeiKfit^ that
They knew who were dieir Friends : And the ochor
oifering to fpcak upon the Point of Piivik^ and

how

P«C fl, Edward Earl c/'Clarandon. 91

how monftroUs A Thing it w^s to make a Vote fo
contrary to the knbwh Law ; He replied Very fnap^
piflily, " that He well knew He had a Mind They
^ flioHkl be all in Pf ifon/' and fo departed without
flaying for an Anfwen Then They imputed to him
the dh^)dfiilg the Lord Falkland to fervc the Court,
and the Cdurt to receive his Service; and from the
Time thit He and Colepepper were called to the
Council, They equally were enraged againft both :
And now. When They had difbovered the Place of
the liightly Meetings, that a Secretary of Sute and
a ChalMldtor of the Exchequer every Day went to
the LbdgiAg of a private Perfcm, who ought to at-
tend thfciii) They belitved it a Condefcenfion that
had ibitae other Fouiidation than mere Civility -, yet
Thcf coidd not difcover any Thing j^inft thenH
which Thfey thought fit to offer in Publick.

It is not amifs in this Place to fay ibmewhat of
Aofe thfe^ Perfons^ who had from that Time fb
grttc a Part in the Buftfi^s that wa^ upon the
Std^^ And did in a Ihort Time raife the Reputa^
don <tf Ac Kiti^, tod <^ his Caufe, to ^ very great
Dejgrcc ; tnd who* though They wtfc well united
in th^ Oppofition c^ all die ill Defijgtil agaiiift the
Crown, And concurred in the publick Service witik
neceflaryimd mutual Civilities towanis each other;
yet their Principles, and Conflitutions were v^
different ; and the Lord Falkland and Mr. Mydi
(between whom, as is f^d before, the Fncndmip
was fnoft entire) had never had the leaft Acquaint-
ance ^A Sr Jebn Colepepper^ htfatt the Parlia*
liient ; and finding themftlves often of one Opi-
Hiohj gkrw into Ibciie Conver&tion ; ^aid being af-
ter imited in the King^s Truft, They rardy -oo^r-
red bat in the Agitation of feufin^; their Natures
bdlig in tidding Hte.

Tnt JjytdFaOiand, though He Was a Man of a J^^
fbpttMCpittcriaO^ was cif a fevcrc Nature, and ^Prr^-

a Lover ^w^

92 "The LIFE of : partll;

a Lover of Virtue ; yet He had great Efteem for
all Men of great Parts, though They applied them
to ill Purpofes. He was fo gre^t an Enemy. to all
Diflimulation, that He choie fometimes the other
Extreme, when it was not requifite. He had not
the Court in great Reverence ; and had a prefaging
Spirit that the King would fall into great Misfor-
tune : And often faid to his Friend, that He chofc
to ferve the King, becaufe Honefty obliged him to
it ; but that He forefew his own Ruin by doing it.
He had a better Opinion of the Church of England^
and the Religion of it, than of any other Church
and Religion ; and had extraordinary Kindneis for
very many Churchmen ; and if He could have help-
ed or prevented it, there Ihould have been no At-
tempts againft it. But He had in his own Judg«
ment fuch a Latitude in Opinion, that He did not
believe any Part of the Order, or Government of it,
to be fo effentially neceffary to Religion, but that it
might be parted with, and altered, for a notable
publick Benefit or Convenience : And that the
Crown itfelf ought to gratify the People, in yield-
ing to many Things •, and to part with fome Power,
rather than to run the Hazards, which wotild at^
t^nd the Refufal. But He was fwayed in this by a
Belief, that the King would in the End be prevail-
ed with to yield to what was preffed ; and this Opi-
nion wrought too much upon too many.

Albeit He had the greateft Compliance with (48)
the Weaknefs^. and even the Humour of other Men,
when there could be no Sufpicion of Flattery j and
the greateft Addrefs to inform, and reform them \
yet towards the King, who many Times obftinate-
ly adhered to many Conclufions which did not na-
turally refult from good Premifes, and did love to
argue many Things to which He would not (b po*
fitivcly adhere. He did not pradtife that Condefcen-
fionj but.contracUdled, him with niore^Bluntn'efi,

aiicf

Part n. Edward Uarl ^/^Cl aRendom. 93

and by Iharp Sentences 5 and in fome Partkolarg,
(as of tte Church) to which the King was in Con-
fcicncc moft devoted : And of this his Majefty often
compl^iited; and cared lefs to confer with him ia
private, and was lefs perfuaded by him, than his
Afiairs, aftd the other's great Parts and Wiftlom
would have required : Though He had not a bettef
Opinion of any Man's Sincerity, or Fidelity towards
him.

Sir John Cdlepepper had fpent fome Years of his of Sir John
Youth in foreign Parts, and efpecially in Armies ; ^^^^'^^pp®^*
where He had feen good Service, and very well ob-
fervcd it ; and might have made a very good Offi-
-cer, if He had intended it. He was of a rough Na-
ture \ a hot Head ; and of great Courage ; which
had engaged him in many Quarrels, and Duels i
wherein He ftill behaved himfelf very fignally. He
had in a very good Seafon, and after a fmall Wafte
of his Fortune, retired from that Courfe of Life,
and married, and betook himfelf to a Country Life ;
and ftudicd the Bufinefs of the Country, and the
Concernments of it, in which He was very well
verfed ; and being a Man of Sharpnefs of Parts,
and Volubility of Language, He was frequently
made Choice of to appear at the Council-Board,
in thofe Matters which related to the Country : In
the managing whereof, his Abilities were well ta-
ken Notice m. His Eftate was very moderate, and
his ufual Expenfe exceeded it not -, not being de-
lighted with Delicacies of any Nature, or indeed
cvar acquainted with them. He had Infirmities,
which fometimes made a noife ; but his Parts, and
Abilities made him very acceptable to his 'Neigh-
bours, and to thofe who were moft confiderable in
their Eftates, and moft popular ; fo that with very
little Oppofition, He had been chofen to be Knight
of that great County Kent for the Parliament \ where
He quickly made himftlf to be taken Notice of.

He

^ The I, I JP ^ qf f^p.

" He was pipud, hikI j^mWtiQiWt wd v^rf viiHJi 4ifr
pofed ^o ijpppQVC Iw j^ ortuw : WWch ffc Iww
well how to do, by Indufiry, wSl Thn^^ wit)i9(#
pooping tQ any corrupt Ways, t;o whi^h Ifs wv
DOC incUned.

. H £ dkl not love the F^{^s of fnuiy 9f tJbofe
who wene the violent Managerf \ and }^ t^QJf 2>e-
figns : And therefore He P9 foon^r ]^ew 4^ He
was well fpoken of at Court, but He expofed bim-
ielf to the Invitation, and heartily Qtiibr^c^d that
Intereft : And when He came thither, Hp flight
very well be thought a Man <>f no very good 9ff9d*
ing ; having never facrificed to the Mu^, op* &^r
yerfed in any polite Company. He w^ wf^t iW^
pofitive in Debates % and pf priefent F^ey ^00^:^4^^
and find Fault with what w^ pi^opoii^ \ ai^ iip4M^
would take any Argumjcnt \ti Pieces, an4 ^PQi^ XF
excellently to a full View ^ and l^ave ^(pt)iif^ 19 -
Chance, or Accident, without making \t /prewcH^
but after that, knew not fp ^rtcU what to jw^ fui^
determine ; and was ib irresolute, and h^d ^ F^Of^
lb perpetually working, fh^t after a Cpof^vJ^^
made. He would the next Day, in the j^xe^^utiflia
of it, and fpmetimes after, raife new Do^bts^ m4
make new Obje£bioi^; which always 9^^^yS^i^
TrouWe \ 4nd fom^ifnes produped Jnciwivpaiwoe.

In Matters oi jReligion, He was in iii^ Jjudig-r
ment very indififerent ; but more inclined tp w^
wa^ eftaWifhed, to avoid the Accidents wh}ch flop*
monly attend a Cha^gp^ without a^y A$9^jiFqf(49)
from his Confcience ; which yet He ]sj^ fp hHQ-
ielf ; and was well content -to have it b^ievied ^9f
the Aftivity proceeded frpm thence. H^hi^, m^
all this UAcourtlinefs (fpr fure no M W Ig^ .^Ff)fi^-t

' ed a Courtier) and Ungra^efuln^f? in \^}i^}^:isA
Motion, a wondeiful Infinuattion and A^f^ jotii
the Acceptation, and Confic^nc.e of jh^ Ki^ li^
Queens «id Flattery bpitig a W^ :W>t fe m^^

to

Part II. Edward Eixr/^CLA&ENDON* ^5

to the Air and Soil of the Country, where He had
wholly lived, He was believed to fpeak with all
Plainnels and Sincerity ; when no Man more conv-
plied with thoie Infirmities they both had ; and by
that Cdmpliaiice prevailed often over them.

H £ had a very tragical Way in expcefling him<-
felf, to raife the Fears and Apprehenfions of tho&,
who were naturally appreheniive of Dangers : And
by this Means He prevailed marvcUoufly with the
Quceo, in thofe Matters to which She was mod: a^
verfe; by reprefcnting Things as difmally to her as
He could wdl do : And on the other Hand^ to the
King (who was naturally very Sanguine) He was
full of Compliante ; cheriihed all his Hopes and
Imaginations; and raiiicd and improved thofe Hopes ,
very frequently by Ejq)edicnts very unagreeable to
the End fX'opded. He was then ( as was faid b&-
fore) very pc^ive in his Condufions : As if He did
not pmpofe a Thing that mig^t come to pafs, but
wluK ixrfallibly muft be fo ; which was a Tempea:
the King could not contend with ; and did fo much
fujpeft himfclf (which was his greaicfl: Infirmity,
and the. diief Ground of all his Su&xings) that He
did bdiew a Man, of whom He thought very weiU
did know every Thing that He confidently infifted
upon. But his greatieft Advantage was (befides his
IMigraof: in Speaking as o&en as He could with
&e King and Quem, and always with the Queen^
upon mxy important Caunfel) that He had an endire
Cdofidence wd Friendfhip with Mc. Jioim j^itut%*
iamj wiiom JthelCing lored, and truftod very jnuchr;
and niio always imprinted that Advice in the King's
Mind, which the other had infiafed:; .and being 6
Member of the Houfe, was jdwa^ iready to import
the Servdce lie did hk MajcAy there, as .axivanta^
gBOufly JELS the Bu^efs would bear.

' M:Bi.JS^devi3&in iits Nature and Dddpofkion, dif* o/MrMy^e.
facni&ma both :die ^ther 4 nkdch mwr begot ithe

leaft

96 The L I F E cf Partll.

leaf): Difagreement between the Lord Falkland and
him. He was of a very cheerful and open Nature,
without any Difllmulation ; and delivered his Ofi-
nion of Things or Perfons, where it was conyenient,
without Referve or Difguife ; and was at Icaft te-^
nacious enough of his Opinion, and never departed
from it out of Compliance with any Man. He had
a very particular Devotion and Pafiion for the Pcr-
fbn of the King ; and did believe him the moft, and
the bell Chriftian in the World. He had a moft
zealous Efleem and Reverence for the Conftitution
of the Government •, and believed it fo equdiy peri-
led, that if the leaft Branch of the Prerogative was
torn off, or parted with, the Subjedl liiffered by it,
and that his Right was impaired : And He. was as
much troubled when the Crown exceeded its juft
Limits, and thought its Prerogative hurt by it :
And therefore not only never confented to .any Di-
minution of the King's Authority, but always wilh-
ed that the King would not confent to it, with
what Importunity or Impctuolity foever. it waai dc-
fired and prelTed.

H £ had taken more Pains than fuch Men ule to
do, in the Examination of Religion ; having always
converfed with thofe of different Opinions. with. ali
Freedom, and Affedtion ; and had very much Kin4-
nefs and Efteem for many, who were in no Degree
of his own Judgment ; and upon all this. He did(5o)
really believe the Church of England the moft. cx^
a6Uy formed and framed for, the Encouragement
and Advancement of Learning and Piety, and £oi
the Prefervation of Peace, or any Church. in the
World ; that the taking away any of. its. Revenue,
and applying it to fecular Ufes, was Robbery, and
notorious Sacrilege ; and that the diminilhing tfajB
Luftre it had, and had always had in the Govern-
ment, by removing the Bilhops out of the Houfe
erf Peers, was a Violation of Juliice i . the removing'

aLandt

PartlL £dwardE^/*/ ^Clarendon. 97

a Land-mark ; and the (baking the very Founda-
tion of Government : And therefore He always op-
pofed, upon the Impulfion of Confcience, all Mu--
tations in the Church ; and did always believe, let
the Seafon or the Circumftance be what it would,
that any Compliance was pernicious ; and that a
peremptory and obftinate Refufal, that might put
Men in De^air of what They laboured for, and
take away all Hope of obtaining what They defired,
would reconcile more Perfons to the Government,'
than the gratifying them in Part ; which only whet-
ted their Appetite to defire more, and their Confi-
dence in demanding it.

Though He was of a Complexion and Humour
very far from Defpair, yet He did believe the King
would be oppreffed by that Party which then go-
verned, and that They who followed and ferved
him would be deftroyed; fo that it was not Ambi-
tion of Power or Wealth that engaged him to
embark in fo very hazardous an Imployment, but
abftradly the Confideration of his Duty ; and He
often ufed to apply thofe Words of Cicero to him-
. felf, Mea Mtas incidit in id Bellum, cujus altera Pars
Scekris nirmum babuit^ altera Felicitatis parum. It is
very probable, that if his Accefs at that Time had
been as frequent to the King, as Sir John Cokpep"
M^s was, or the Lord Falkland's might have been,
Ibme Things might have been left undone, the do-
ing whereof brought much Prejudice to the King ;
for all His Principles were much more agreeable to
his Majefty*s own Judgment, than thofe of either
of the other 5 and what He laid was of equal Au-
thority with him 5 and when any Advice was given
by either of the other, the King ufually alked,
*' whether Ned Hyde were of that Opinion ;'* and
They always very ingenuoufly confeffed that He
was not : But his having no Relation of Service,
and fo no Pretence to be feen often at Court 5 and
,Vol.I. . G the

^ ffje L I FE pf PkrtJl

the great Jcaloufy that was entertained towards hkn^
made it neccflary to him tx> repik oniy in the Dark
to the King upon emergent Occafione^ and kmt
the reft to be imparted by the other two j and tbt
Differences in then- Natures alid Opintons ti€ff»
produced any Di(Union between tktcm in thofe CouA^
dls, which concerned the Condud of the Kki^ S@IV
Wee ; but They proceeded with great Unanin^^
and very manildlly nmch advanced the King^ fiu^^
fineis from the very k>w Stave it waa in, wtoi
They were firft trufted ; the other tw© having al^
ways much Deference to the Lord FMand^ wte
allayed their Pafiions Sr to whidt Tbey wem Ixfth
enough inclined.

Wh £ IT the two Fills were fent to the Kiiu|, for
the grofOif^ the MiUtiay aisd the remmm^ tbe wft^
M of the Houfs of Peers^ moft Men did believe tluK
the king would never give his Affint td either of
thefe two; idiough very many had conicurred in
them for no other Reafon dian becade They ^imn
allured He would not refufe, and others upon Om^
fidence that He would ; and thertifope would Mt
render themielves obno:]dous t^ oppo&ng Ihemt
Upon all which die Queen continued her Refoiu-^
tion ; and haftened faerjourney that S3ie might be
out of the Way, and thereby die King mi|^t tkt
naore refbhitdy reje6b thofe Bilk^ wUch He intend-
ed to do ; and the Houfes the more impoitunasdy
prefied the Di^atch of the Bills, as ioon as die (54
Day was appointed for the Queen's be^nning her
Journey from Windfor towards 'Dover.

I N this Perplexity, when Nothing was {k> mcdf^
fey as the moft obftinate Refolution, ?!aJohn Cok^
pepper^ who was naturally inclined to £xpe(£ents>
and, in difficult Cafes, that is. Cafes made difficult
by the Perverfenefs of fupercilious Contendefs, to
Compofition, much defired, that the King wooUl
pa& that againft the Bifhops^ and abiblucely rge&

die

Part If.. Edward Etfr/ 2^ Clarendon. 99

th^ other; which He did in Truth believe would
fatisfy fo many, that thofe that remained unfatisfied,
would not have Credit enough to give any further
Pifturbance ; and in his own Judgment, as hath
been faid before. He thought the Matter of little
Importance ; but He knew that Argument would
make no other Impreflion upon the King, than to
tbe Difedvantage of the Arguer ; and if He had
diQUght himfelf obliged to have enadl^d one. He
would have chofen to have pafled that for the Mill*
tia, rather than the other ; He urged there&re to the sir jotm
King, no other Perfon prefent, the Ncceffity of giv- ^|[p^ ,
ing the Parliament Satisfadion in one of thole Bills ; asf^ topafi
and that there were more who would be (atisfied ^•^'^*
with that concerning the Biftiops, than with the Bifrfu
^cher concerning the Militia ; and therefore it would
be bcft to gratify the major Part. Then He expo-
fid the dreadful Confequences which would attend
the yielding in the Point of the Militia, as if it
would be me next Day in their Power to depofe
him ; and all the tragical EfFeds of granting that
Autfaorky. He feemed in no Degree to undervalue
the Mifchief of confenting to the Bill againfl the
Biihc^ ; yet that it would be attended with that
prefent Benefit, that the Church would be fr^ from
futher A{)prehen[ion i and that this Degradation
vauld iiecure the Fundion, and the Revenue ; and
tkat Mrhcn thefe Jealoufies and lyfifundetilandinsa
fiouid be once compofed, that Bill would be eamy
sepeaied, by the Experience how much the Govern-^
ment was hurt by it; and whilil the Sword remain-
ed ia the King's own Hand$, there would be no At-
tsempt M ma(:e farther Alterations. The King alked
him, j»^)edier Ned Byde was of that Mind ; to which
He angered. He was not, nor did wiifa that either
of the Bills (hould be pafTed, which He thought, as
liie Time was, could not be a reafbnable Judgicnent \

G % the

i6i rbe L IFE 6f Partit

ah IntroduftiOfi to the entire Deftruftioh of the Go-
yernment of the Church, and to the Alteration of
the Religion of the Kingdom : And very many,
who more confidcred the Policy than the Juftice
and Piety of the State, did ever after believe, that
being removed out of the Parliament, the prefcrv-
fcg them in the Kingdom was not worth any nota-
ble Contention. Then They looked upon the King'i
Condefcenfion in this Particular, in a Subjedl tlutt
all Men knew had a wonderful Influence upon hiJ
Confcicnce, as He often took Occafion to profeft^
as a Manifeftation, that He would not be conftanc
in retaining, and denying any Thing that fliould
be impetuoufly and fiercely demamied ; which as
it exceedingly confirmed thofe, who were enj^iged
in that Party, fo it abated the Courage of too
niany, who had always oppofed them, and heartily
detefted their Proceedings ; and made them tnprc
remifs in their Attendance at the Houfe, and left
folicitous for any Thing that was done there : Who
by Degrees firft became a neutral Party, believing
They fhould be fafe, in angering no Body ; and
when They afterwards found no Security in that
IndifFerency, They adhered to thofe, who They
faw had the beft Succefs ; and fo went Sharers widi
them in their, Future Attempts, according to their
iffeveral Tempers and Inclinatiojis.

The Benefit that would redound to the King
from not pafling the other Bill of the Militia, more
than avoiding the Infamy of confen ting to jt, was
|lot evident to difccrning Men ; ibr They ftyreftw(53)
that They would quickly wreft it out of his Hands
without his Confcnt ; and that the Reputation of
the Parliament was fo great, that whatfoevCT the
two Houfes ( which the People looked upon as the
l*arliament) fliould concur in, and enjoin to bfl
(Jone, the People would look tqx>n as Law, an4
pbferv^ ft accordinglyi fo that when by rix6 Re^

piQVal

inevfil <rf ib many Vpices out of the Hgufe of Peers,
a^ the Jj^lfh^ made, who were always firm to the
Cro^A and Gcfvernmcnt, the Houfe of Commona
iiwwfici a Conetirrem« from the Lords, in all They
propei^t their joim Determination would find Obe-
4ie!QQe, Hwr the moft Part, from the People : Whom
^re WQre aU Endeavours ufed to corrupt, and
pofl^is, by prefently printing, and caufing to bo
cead in Cl^rches, all their Meffagcs and Petitions
tQ the King; that They might iee all their Con-
^esnffiQnt^ were for the Good of the Kingdom, and
Profervation of the People.

W ji « N the King accompanied the Queen to Do^
Vtr^ where They expefted a Wind many Days, He
l^nt the Friace, xmder hip new Governour, the Mar-
^Utl oifkrtfinij to Richmond \ that there might be
40 Room for the Jealoufy, that the Prince fhould
^ tranfported bftyond tl^ Seas ; which had been
infufed into the Minds of many ; and would have
maiie a greatNoifeyif Hehad waitoJ upon hi« Mother
to Dmer: But as foon as the Wind appeared hope-
ful for her Majefty's Enibarkation, the King fentjx^^*/
an Exprefe to Mclmmd^ that the Prince fhould ^x,-^ptinutl
tend his Majefly at Greenwich, the Saturday follow- Greenwich.
ing : The Marquis being* at that Time very much
inaiipoied fay a Defluftion upon his Eyes, and a Ca-
tarrh. The Parliament being prefently informed,
4$ They had Spies in all Places, of this Direftion^
^md there l^eing yet no Certainty of the Queen-s
iieing embarked, was much troubled ^ and reTolved
to fcnd to his Majefly, by Members of both Houfes,
to (^firc that the Prince might not remove from
Midnmrnd^ at lead till the Marquis recovered Health
«fiou^ 10 be able to attend him ; and at the fame
Time ^boc Ui ^xprefs Ckider to the Marquis, that
He &ould not ftifFer the Prince to go from thence,
tiU H& him&lf ihottld be able to go with him.

G 4 They

104 ^the L I F E of Partll.

Mr. Hyde is * Th E Y appointed one Lord and two Commoners
^^f!^mtbat ^o carry the Meflage to the King, whom They be-
Occajm, lieved to be ftill at Dover \ and Mr. Hyde coming
accidentally into the Houfe, when the Matter was
in Debate, They appointed him to be one of the
Meflengers ; which no Excufes could free him from,
for They did not intend it as a Favour to him ; fo
that They were obliged prefently to begin their
Journey ; and that Night They went to Gravefend.
The next Day They were fully informed of the
Queen's being gone to Sea; and that the King
would be that Night at Canterbury \ whither the-
Meflengers made what Hafte They could; and
found his Majefly there, with a very little Courts
moft of his Servants having Leave to go before to
Londoriy the better to provide themfelves for a far*
ther Journey. When They read their Meflage to
the King, in the hearing whereof He ihew^ no
Satisfaftion, He appointed them to attend him after
He had fupped, and They Ihould receive their An-
Iwer : And accordingly about nine of the Clock He
caufed it to be read, and delivered it to them ; taking
no Notice of Mr. Hyde as if He had been known to
him. That MeflTenger who was a Member of the
Houfe of Peers received it/rom his Majefty, as of
Right He ought to do, that it might be firft report-
ed to that Houfe.

^vi. Hyde was very much troubled when He
heard the Anfwer read ;' for it had much Sharpnefs
in it, which at that Time could only provoke them :
So without taking any Notice of it to his Compa-(54
nions. He pretended to them only to be very weary,
and defirous to go to Bed, and bade them good
Night ; having the Conveniency offered him by the
Lord Grandifon, (his familiar Friend) to lodge with
him in a Houfe, next the Coiu-t : And fo the other
two Meflengers making Hafl:e to find fomc Loclg-*
ing ii) an Inn, He fcnt the Lord Grandifin to the

Duke

Part II. Edward Earl g/* Clarendon. 105

Duke of Richmond^ to defire the King that He
might fpeak with him before He went into his Bed.
The King was half undrelTed, yet faid He would
ftay for him, and bade that He fhould make
Hafte to the back Stairs ; and as foon as He came
thither, the Duke went in to the King, who im-
mediately came out in his Night Drefs ; and the
Duke having before fent all other Servants from
thence, retired likewife himfclf.

H E told the King that " He was forry that his
** Majefty had exprefled fo much Difpleafure in his
"Anfwer, which could produce no Good, and
" might do Hurt ; and therefore He defired He
<* would call for it, and alter fome Expreffions j'*
wliich his Majefty was not inclined to do ; enlarg-
ing himfelf with much Sharpnefs upon the Infolence
of the Meffage, and of the Order They had fent to
the Marquis of Hertford: And feemed to apprehend
that the Prince would not be fufFered to attend him
at Greenwich •, the Thought whereof had caufed that
Warmth in him. It was now Friday Night, and
his Majefty refolved the next Night to be at Green-
wicb\ and to ftay there all Sunday \ and then to
purliie his former Refolutions : Upon which Mr.
H/de told him, " that He hoped the Prince would
**be at Creenwich as foon as He, and then that
** Point would be cleared ; that They could not re-
**port His Meffage to the Parliament till Monday
^ Morning ; and that They might well attend upon
** his Majefty again on 5«»i^, and receive his Plea- "
*' fure 5 and at that Time the Lord Falkland and
"Sir Join Ccleptpper would be likewife prefent,
**when his Majefty might take what Refolution
^* He pleafed in that Matter ; and therefore He be-
** fought his Majefty that He would prefently fend
*^ a Servant io the other two Meffengers, at fuch an
*♦ Inn, for the Anfwer He had delivered to them,
t^of which He would farther confider when He
. . '-' *'came

io6 The L I F E (f Piw^tlL

" came to Greiftmeb \ where He commanded them

*^ to attend him on Sundof^ and that He "wK^uld ^f-

** patch them foon enough for them to be at Londtm

%^o^^ " *^^ Night/* All which his Majefty was pleafed

dS^^. " to confent to, and imniediately feat a Gentleman w

^J^^ them for the Paper, with that Injunftion j and then

fcnt it by the Lord Grandijin the fame Night to

Mr. Hyde, whom He had commanded to attend him

on Sunday Morning, faying He had very much t«

lay to him.

When his Majefty came to Grctmmib^ He ibuwt
the Prince there with his Governour, who though
indifpofed in hi« Health, without returning any An-
fwer to the Parliament, brought the Prince vcrj^
early from Richmond to Gpeehwicb ; with which the
King was very much pleafed, and in very good
Humour. And the next Morning when Mr. Hydf
came to Court (to whom his Companions had told»
that the King had fent for his Anfwer to them
again, and appointed them to attend him for it at
Greenwich that Afternoon ; which They had agreed
together to do) the King being come into the Privy
Chamber, and feeing him there, alked him aloud»
where the others who came in the Meflage with
him were ; and faid. He would expeft them in the
Afternoon ; and io difcourfing fomewhat of the Wea*
ther, that all Men heard. He came near him, and
as it were pafling by (which no Body took Notice
of, the Room not being full) He bade him dine
with Portery at the back Stairs, that He might be
in the Privy Chamber when He rofe fronrj Dinner 5(55)
and after He had dined He found him there ; and
at that Hour moft People looking after their own
. Dinner, his Majefty did, without any Body's takittg
Notice of it, bid him follow him into Uic Privy
Gallery; where He was no fooncr erttercd, than
the King locked the Door with his own Kcy> fay-
ing, '' We will not now be difturbod> &r tbcce is no

"Man

Partll. Edward Eiar/g^ Clarendon. 107

*' Man in the Houfe now, who hath a Key to this
" Door." Then He (aid, « I wiU fay Nothing of
" the Anfwcr, for I am furc Falkland and Cokpepper

' ^ will be here anon ; and then prepare one, and I
**wiil not diflfer with you; for now I have got-
**tcn CbarleSy I care not what Anfwcr I fend to
♦*thcm." ,

Thjn He {pake of many Particulars of the Par- ^«?<*
liainent with Warmth enough; and lamented hxsJmZ ^^
having confented to the Bill concerning the Bifhops, oiccnwidu
which He faid. He was prevailed upon to do, for
his Wife's Security ; but He ihould now be with-
out any Fear to difpleafe them. He faid. He would
lay the next Night at Theobalds ; where He would
ftay a Day or two, that his Servants might provide

, themfelves to attend him Northward : That He
ihould not fee him any more before He took that
Journey \ and therefore He required him upon all
Occafions to write to him, and advertife him of luch
Matt?ers as were fit for him to know 5 and to pre-^
pare and fend him Anfwers to fuch Declarations or
Meflages as the Parliament fhould fend to him : He
find. He knew well the Danger He underwent if
it were difcovcred : But his Majefly afTured him,
and bade him be confident of it, that no Perfoa
alive, but himfelf and his two Friends, Ihould know
that He correfponded with his Majefty ; and that
H^ would himfelf tranfcribe every Paper in his own
Hand, before He would (hew it to any Man, and
before his Secretary fhould write it out. Mr. H^de
told him, that He writ a very ill Hand, which
Would give his Mjyefty too much Trouble to tran-
fcribe himfelf, and that He had fo.much Fnendlhip
with Secretary Nuhlas^ that He was well content^
Heflioukibetrulted: To which the King faid, iVSf-
nboks wis a very honeft Man ; and He would truft
him in any Thing that concerned himfelf; but in
tMs FisMticuiar, if hi^ yto^M be io peoal to the

other.

io8 ne LIFE of . Partll.

other, if it flaould be known, it was not neceflary ;
for He would quickly learn to read the Haiid, if it
' were writ at firft with a little the more Care ; and no
Body (hould fee it but himfelf. And his Majefty
continued fb firm to this Refolution^ that though
the Declarations from the Houfes Ihortly after grew
fo voluminous, that the Anfwers frequently con-
tained five or fix Sheets of Paper, very clofely writ ;
his Majefty always tranfcribed them with his own
Hand ; which fometimes took him up two or three.
Days, and a good Part of the. Night, before He
produced them to the' Council, where they were
firfl: read •, and then He burned the Qriginals. And
He gave himfelf no Eafe in this particular, till Mr.
Hyde left the Parliament, and by his Majefliy's Com-
mand attended upon him at Tork: Which will be
mentioned in its Time.

Wh I l s t the King held this Difcourfc with him

in the Privy Gallery, many of the Lords were come

from London ; and not finding him, the Earls of . .

EJfex^ and Holland^ who by thpir Offices had Keys

to the Gallery, opened that Door, and went in;

and feeing no Body there, walked to the farther

End ; where in a/ turning Walk the King and Mr.

Hyde were : And though They prefently drew back,

the King himfelf as well as Mr. Hyde was a litde

difcompofed ; and faid, " I am very forry for this

" Accident, I meant to have faid fomewh^t to you

" of thofe Gentlemen ; but we mufl: not ftay longer

' ^ together ; forget not what I have faid ; and "fend,

*' me prefently the Anfwer for your Meflage, and (5^)

*' then attend with your Companions in the Privy

" Chamber, and! will come out and deliver it to

** them :*^ And fo He withdrew : The two Earls

^^^*^^ fmiling, and faluting Mr. -^^ civilly. He quick-.

iiv*!S»- ly found the Lord Falklandy and Colepepper^ and

/ttw. They as quickly agreed upon the Anfwer which the

Lord Falkland carried to ihe King : , And bis. Ma-,

^ ' jefty

PartlL Edward JEjr/(?/CLARENDON. 109

jefly approving, and figning it. He came out, and
<JeIivered it, after He had caufed it to be read, to
the Meflengers who attended to receive it; and
who went that Night to London ; and the next
Morning at the firft fitting of the Houfes, report-
ed, and delivered it.

I T was expedted, and believed, that as foorf as
the Queen was gone for Holland^ the King would
return to Whitehall^ and refide there; And many
wife Men were of Opinion, that if He had done
fo. He would have been treated with more Duty
and Refpeft ; and that He would be able to bring
his Bufinefs to a fair End, by very moderate Con-
defcenfions ; for the univerfal 'Prejudice and Aver-
fion was to the Queen, how unjuftly and unreafon-
ably foever ; and to the King only as it was gene-
rally believed, that He governed himfelf entirely
by her Didlates ; and many of thofe, whofe Coun-
tenance had moft fupported the violent Party, by
their Concurrence with them, were grown weary of
thofe Excefles ; and as They had been feduced, and
craftily drawn farther than They meant to have
gone, fo They plainly difcerned that there would
be farther Attempts made, than were agreeable to
their Wiflies, or their Intereftsjand therefore re-
folved to fecond them no farther.

The Earl oi EJfex himfelf was in his Nature an
honeft Man, and ia Man of Honour; and though He
did not think the King had any gracious Purpofes to-
wards him, or great Confidence in him, yet He was
willing to retire from that angry Company • and did
neither defire the Dignity of the King fliould be af-
fronted, or the Government receive an Alteration, or
Diminution; and did hope nothing more, than to
make himfelf the Inftrument to reconcile the Parlia-
ment to the King, by fome moderate and plaufible Ex.
pedient. But it was no fooner known in the Houfes,
that his Majefty was gone to Tkohlds, and had

taken

uo ^ LIFE ^ Partlt

trfttp djc Princt with him, with a Purjpofc of mar
king a Pjxjgrcfs farther Northward ; but They fell
into all their ufual Heat, and Debate, of their juft ,
OiHies of Jealouiy and Diftruft, and the Wicked-
nefs of thofe Perlbns who mifled him ; and the next
Morning, being well informed that the King ftaid
all Day at tbtobaUs^ They nefolved to &nd a Com-
miti^ of four Lords, and eight Commoners to him,
to put him in Mind of his violating their Privilraes,
£m* which They had yet no Reparation or Satisfac*-
tton ; his Refuial to fettle the Militia, whereby He
lelc his Kingdom and Peq)le expofed to the Vio«
lence of a Foreign Enemy, or a domeftick Infur*
£e6tion ; the great Jealouiies and Fears wfaicK poT^
ieSkd the Mmds of all his Subjedb, which would
be now exceedingly increa&d by his Removal in
this Conjunfhire from his Parliament ; and there«
upon concluded, that He would refiam to IjmdoHj
or refide at fuch a Diftance, that They might eafily
Bq>air to him.

When the Per£ins ddfigoed for die Mefiage

withdrew to prepare themfelves for their Journey,

1^ Me0age being read and agreed upon, Mr»

Sfyde went likewife out of the Houfe ; and that the

King might not be fiirpriied with the Si^ of the

Meflage before He heard of it. He fent inftantly to

tbe Lord Grandifon (in whom He had entire Confi-

,<|ence) to Ipeak with him ; and defined him to caufe

his Hbiie to be made ready, that He might with

aU poffible Expedttion carry a Letter to the Kiiog,

which He would prepare by the Time He could be

^^^« ready for the Journey. He writ to the King, that

%nai^f' foch Perfons would be prefently with him; 3nd thcis?)

^f*vf^tbt Subftance of the Meflage They would bring to him;

*^ ''•'"• which in Refpeft of the Length of it, and of many

Rartieulars in it, would require fonae Time co an**

fiver, which He fhould receive foon enough ; and

jfar the prefent, He might, upon the,IM*ycry, make

fome

JPiirt IL Edward Etu-J ^Cl ar^ndon* 1 1 1

fimie fhort Rdentment of the Houles proceeding
with faim ; and conclude, that He would lend an
Anfvmr to their Me^ge in due Time. The Lord
GrunSfM came to IHMhalis when the King had newly
dined, fo that He was alone in his Bedchamber \
m]«d as jfoon as He had delivered the Letter, He le*-
tumed to Lmdimy and met the Meflixkgers within a
Mik or two cf^beoiM.

As ibon as They had delivered their Meflage,
wiich one of titem read^ the King with a difpleafed
Countenance, and in a warmer and more fprtghtly
Tone than was natural to him, told them, ^' that
^ He was amazed at their Nfeflage, and could not
" aanceiTe what lliey would have, nor what They
^^ meant to do : That They made a great Noife with
^ their Privileges, but fbi^ that He had Privileges
^ tjoo, which They made no Confcience to vidate :
** That They talked of their Fears and Jealoufies,
•' for which They had not the kaft Ground ; but if
** Ttey would well confidcr. They would find that
*' They gave Him Caufe enough for Jealoufy : " And
concbided, '' that He would think of their Medkge,
^* and fend an Anfwer to the Houfes in oonvenieoc
•* 'Hme :* Without faying any Thing of his Jour*
iiey, whfen or whither He nieant to go ; nor held
any farther Diicourfe with them. The Manner and
the Matter of the King^s Ihort Diiboiurfe to them
wonderfully iutprifed the McQengers, who were all
Perfons of the beft Quality in borii Houfes, the
Earl of iPembrohe being the Chief, and ibme of them
wene of known Affeftions to his M4^fty*s Service \
who were wondetlfully deligh^d with the King's
quick and iharp Ti^eatment, with which the reft
were as much troubled : A^ fo They all returned
the fame Night to London.

Thx Kflng refohred to purfue the Courfe agreed
Upon with <&he Queen at her Departure ^ a«id would
00 -mwe rdfoim the Confideration of ft^ying nearer

the

112 ^e LIFE of Part 11.

the Parliament : Very reafonably apprehending, that
He ftiould render himfelf liable every Day to new
Affronts. And the Praftice both Houfes had got-
ten, to fend for Perfons by a Serjeant at Arms, up-
on any Suggeftions of light Difcourfe, or upon ge-
neral and ungrounded Sufpicions, by which They
were compelled to give long Attendance, if They
were not committed to Prifon, had fo terrified all
Conditions of Men, that very few reforted to the
Court. And They who did moft diligently feem to
attend their Duty there, did in Truth perform that
Service, that They might with the more Eafe be-
tray their Matter, and gratify thofe, whq They
thought would at laft bring themfelves into thofe
Places and Offices, upon which They \^ere to de-
pend. So that He thought it moft abfolutely ne-
. ceffary to be at fuch a Diftance from JVeJiminfier^
that People might be lefs apprehenfive of their
Power : Refolving likewife, that no Perfon who at-
tended him, or reforted to the Place where He was,
fliould yield any Obedience to their Summons, up-
on thofe general Suggeftions ; or any Applications
They ftiould make to his Majefty. And though it
might have met with better Succefs if He had taken
the contrary Refolution, and ftaid in, or near Whtte-
ball ; yet the Hazards, or Inconveniences which
might very probably have attended that Counfcl,
were too much in Vie^, for wife Men to engage
pofitively in the Advice. Befides, the Concert that
had been malde with the Queen fhut out all oppo-
*rhe iGrg he- fite Confultations : And the King with a fmall Court,
^IftNorth^ after two Days ftay at Theobalds ^ began hisProgrefsfs^
^ard. toward Newmarket^ and fometimes refting a Day
in a Place, He advanced by eafy Journies North-
ward.

H E took the Prince with him, the Marquis lijce-
wife attending him ; but left the Duke of Tork liill
at Richmond^ till He came to Tork: And then like-
wife

Part IL Edward Earl of Clarendon. 113

wife He fent for his Highnefs, who came thither to
him : And the Morning He left Theobalds^ He fent
his Anfwer to the two Houfes, to their Meflage
They had lent to him thither.

They had long detefted and fulpeftcd Mr. Hyde^
from the Time of their firft Remonftrance, for
framing the King's MefTages and Anfwers, which
They now every Day received to their intolerable
Vexation ; yet knew not how to accufe him. But
now that the Earls of EJfex and Holland had dif-
covered his being (hut up with the King at Greett'-
wicb ;, and the Marquis of Hamilton had, once be-
fore, found him very early in Private with the King
at Windfor^ at a Time when the King thought all
Paflages had been flopped ; together with his being
of late more Abfent from the Houfe than He had
ufed to be ; and the Refort of the other Two every
Night to his Lodging, as is mentioned before, fa-
tisiied them that He was the Perfon ; and They re-
folvcd to difenable him to manage that Office long*
Sir John Colepepper had as many Eyes upon them,
as They had upon the other, and an equal Ani-
moiity againft them ; and had Familiarity and
Friendftiip with fome Perfons, who from the fecond
or -third Hand came to know many of the greateft
Defigns, before They were brought upon the Stage.
For though They managed thofe Councils with the
greateft Secrecy, and by few Perfons, which a-
mounted to no more than pure Defigns in Specu-
lation ; yet when any Thing was to be tranlafted
in Publick by the Houfe, They were obliged, not
only to prepare thofe, of whom They were them-
felvcs confident, but to allow thofe Confidents to
communicate it to.others, in whom They confided :
And fo Men who did not concur with them, came
to know fe^metimes their Intentions, Time enough
to prevent the Succefs They propofed to them-
fclves.
. VqI.L H And

|I4 Xbe L I F E of PartIL

A N D by this Means Sir John Colepepper meeting
at Night with the Lord Falkland and Mr. Hyde^
oflured them, thai it had been refolvcd that Day to
ADefy^of have feized upon all Three, and fcnt them to the
"H^^t!^ 7<Wifr: Of which He having received Notice as He
Teweri was going to the Houjfe, returned to his Lodging,
not being able to give the fame Information to tht
other Two ; but that his own being aWent jwevent-
ed the Mifchief. For He knew it was refolvcd the
Night before, that when the Three were together
in the Houfe, Somebody fliould move the Houie,
' *' that They would apply themfelves to makefbme
•* ftridt Enquiry after the Perfons, who were mdl
*' like to give the King the evil Counfel Me had
•* lately followed ; and who prepared th6fe Anfwers
•' and Meflages They received from his Majefty •,*•
upon which, by one and another, thofe Three Per*
fons fhould be named, and particular Reafons given
for their Sufpicion •, and that They did not doubt,
but if their Friends were well prepared before handj
They fhould be able to caufe them to be all fent to
the Tower ; and then They doubted not They fhould
be able to keep them there. But it was then like-
wife agreed that They would not make the Attempt,
but at a Time when They were all Three in the
Houfe ; upon hearing whereof, and finding that
They Two were there. He went back to his Lodg-
ing ; knowing that thereupon there would be No-
riiing done.
Defeated, U p o N this Communication, though Tfaey were

all of Opinion that the Defign was To extrava^uit
and exceeding all the Rules of common Juflice, that
They would not be able to procure the Confbit of
the major Part of the Houfe in it, if there were a«iy(s9)
confiderable Nitmber prefent ; yet becaufe very ma-
ny ufually abfented themfelves, and They were not
governed by any Rules which had been formerly pb-
fcrvcd i They thought fit to refolve that One of them

would

Part II. Edward Earl of Clarendon. i 15

would be always prcfent in the Houfe, that They
might know ail that was done-, but that They
would never be there altogether ; and feldom Two
of them 5 and when They were. They would only
hear, and Ipeak no more than was of abfolute Ne-
ceflity. For it was now grown a very difficult
Thing for a Man who was in their Disfavour, to
jpeak againft what They propofcd, but that They
would find fome Exception to fome Word or Ex-
prellion; upon which, after He had been called
upon to explain. He was obliged to withdraw, and
then They had commonly a major Part to fend him
to the Tower^ or to expel him the Houfe ; or isit
leaft to oblige him to receive a Reprehenfion at tjbe
Bar upon his Knees. And fo They had ufed $jjr
Ral^ Hopton zt that Time ; who excepting to fi>fne
Expreflion that was ufed in a Declaration prq)ared
by a Committee, and prefented to the Houfe, which
He faid was difhonourable to the King, They faid,
it was a Tax upon the Committee ; caufed him tp
withdraw ; and committed him to the Tower ; which
terrified many from fpeaking at all, and caufed
more to abfent themfelves from the Houfe ; where
too finall Numbers appeared any Day. Thefe Three
Gentlemien kept the Refolution agreed upoO; till
They all found it neceflary to forbear any fiirtbsr
.Att^dance upon the Houfe.

. About the End pf Jpril^ which .was in the Ywr ^. ^7^ »
1^42, Mr. Hj/de received a Letter from the Kiofo-^j^yJrk!
wherein He required him, that as foon as .He cou^
ibe J^9^ from his Bufinds there. He fhould repair
(p .bis JMajefty at Tork^ where He had OqcaXiQn
/or.bi$ Service: Which wh^n He had communi-
S9X^ te hi? two Fric;ods, They were all of Opinion^
Unt it was neccITary He flipuld defer that Jouri^cy
fpr lijine Time ; the^e being every Day great Oc-
cafion of confulring together, and of fending Dif-
patches to the King, And it was a wonderful Ex-

H 2 pedition

m6 the L I F E of PartiL

pedition that was then ufed between Tork and Lon-
iion, when Gentlemen undertook the Service, as
enough were willing to do : Inlbmuch, as when
They diJpatched a Letter on Saturday Night, at
that Time of the Year, about twelve at Night,
They received always the King's Anfwer, Monday
by ten of the Clock in the Morning. His Majefty
was content that He fhould flay as long as the Ne-
ceflity required ; but that as foon as He might be
dilpenfed with. He would expeft him. And it was
' happy that He did flay, for there was an Occafion
then fell out, in which his Prefence was very ufe-
ful, -f towards difpojing the Lord Keeper Littleton to
fend the Great Seal to the King at York -, and to te-
folve upon going thither himfelf as foon as pojfible to
attend his Majefiy ; which Refolution being taken^ it
was agreed between him and his two Friends, that
it was now Time that He fhould be gone (the King
having lent for him fbme Time before) after a Day -
Or two ; in which Time the Declaration of the 19th
of A% would be palTed, which being very long.
He might carry with him ; and prepare the Anfwer
upon the Way, or after He came to Tork.
rmvards I t was upon a fVednefday that He refolved to be-

btgLbil giin his Journey -, having told the Speaker^ that it
Journef. ^33 ycry nccefTary, by the Advice of his Phyfifcian,
that He fhould take the Air of the Country for his

\ Health -, and his Phyfician certified the fame ; which

Caution was necefTary : For He had a Week or two
before made a Journey into the Country to his own
Houfe ', and his Abfence being taken Notice of, a
Meflenger was immediately fent to him, to requirc(6o)
him immediately to attend the Houfe ; upon wnich
He found it necefTary to return without Delay ; and
^as willing to prevent the like fuddeh Enquiry;
and fo prepared the Speaker to anfwer for him. He

f Hiftory of the Rebellion, Folio, Vol, J» p. 44^1* &c»

refolved

Part II. Edward Earl ^Clarendon. iiyi

refolved with the Lord Falkland^ to flay at a Friend's
Houfe near Oxford^ and litde out of the Road He
meant to take for Torky till He fhould hear of the
Keeper's Motion, of which He promifed to give
him timely Notice ; not giving in the mean Time
any Credit to his Purpofe of moving ; but He was
quickly convinced.

Much Notice Tiad been taken of Mr. Hyde's fre-
quent Refort to him ; and of his being often fhut
up with him j and when He took hi$ Leave of
him, the Night before He left the Town, the
Keeper was walking in his Garden with Mr. Hollis,
and Mr. Glyn •, who had ( as They faid ) then ob-
ferved, that as foon as the Keeper's Eyes were upon
him, at his Entrance into the Garden, He had Ihewn
fbme Impatience to be free from them ; and when
They were gone, others took Notice (for there
were many in the Garden) as They pretended, that
after They had walked fome Time together. They
took their Leave of each other in another Manner
than was ufual ; and which was not True. But He
had not fo good a Name, as that any Thing of
that Kind would not eafily gain Belief: So that Dr.
Morley (who is fince Bifhbp of IVincheJler) being ia
Weftminfter Hall on the Monday Morning when the
News came of the Lord Keeper's Flight ; a Perfon
of great Authority in the Parliament met him, and
with great Paflion inveighing againft the Keeper, .
told Sin> that They knew well enough that his
Friend Mr. Hyde had contrived that Miichief, and
brought it ta pafs ; for which He would be that
Morning, or the next, accufed of High Treafonj
which the Doftor (who was ever very much hi?
Friei>d) hearing, went prefently to the Lord Falk^
landj and told him of it, and defired to know where
He was, that He might gave him timely Notice of
it ; knowing a Gentleman, a very near Friend of
his, who would jiinmcdiately ride to him. The
- : li 3 tord

And

U9 The LIFE 6f Partli.

Lord Falkland was then writing to him to inform
him of the Keeper's having made good his Word,
of which He had but then Notice, and to advife
Him to profecutc his Northern Journey with all Ex*
pedition ; and defired the Doftor that He would
fend for the Gentleman, whom He would prefently
diredl where He fhould find Mr. Bjde ; who did
make fo good Hafte, that; He delivered the Lord
Falkland's Letter to him early the fame Night.
iddner a H E was then at Ditchley with the Lady Lee (fince
^^"^ Countds of Rochejier) and thePerfonwho brought
the Advertifement to him was John Ayliffe^ whom
He dearly loved. He no fooner received the Ad-
vertifement, but He thought it Time for him to
be gone ; and as He was utterly unacquainted with
the Way, having never been in the Nprthern Parts^
and apprehended that there would be Care taken
to intercept him if He went in any commpn Road,
there was with him at that Time Mr. Chillingwortb^
whofe Company He had defired from Oxford^ pur-
pofely for that Occafion ; and who was well ac-
quainted with thofe Ways, which led almoft as far
as Torkjbire, They fent their Horfes that Night
to a Village near Coventry^ where Mr. CbilUngmortt^s
Brother had a Farm; and then in the Morning. They
put themfelves into the Lady^s Coach, which with
fix Horfes carried them to that Village, thirty Mildj
from Ditchley ; where after They had a little rcbdh^
cd themfelves. They took their Horfes ; and that
Night, out of all Roads, xtd^chtd Lunttworth^ a VIU
lage in Leicefterjhire^ where Mr. Chillingworth h^
tikewife a Frjend, who was Parfon of the PariA,
who received them very kindly. And fo by unulu^
Way$ They got through Heriyjhifey until Thdy(<i)
came to Tor^hire ; and then retted at Nojtatt^ the
Houfe of Sir John PTqrJlenbolme -^ who, though fife
gnd his Family were at London^ had given Order for
Ws very good Keception j it having b^cii before r^-

folved

0tfivti s$

pirtll, Edvtard Earl of CLAR^i^Do^ . ii^

folved with his Majefly's Confcnt, that He fliould
flay in fome private Place near T-orkj till his Majefly
was informed o£ it, and till his Affairs abfolutely
i;equired his Prefenee there: There being nwnyRea*
ions that He fliould be concealed in thofc Parts, aa
long as might be convenient Nojiall was within
twenty Miles of Tork \ and from thence He gav«
his Majefly Notice of his being there ; and fent
him the Anfwer th^t was prepared to the Declara-
tion of the nineteenth of May. And the King the
next Day fent Mn AJhburnham to him, with the
Declaration of the twenty-fixth of A&y, and which
was the higheft They had yet publiflied -, and to
which He wifhed an Anfwer fhould be prepared as
ibon as poflibk it might be, that the Poifon there-
cS might not work too long upon the Minds of the
People.

A s fix)n as it was taken Notice of in the Par-r
liament that Mr. Hyde was abfent. Enquiry was
made^ what was become of him, and a Motion
made in the Houfe, that He might be fent fon
The Speaker faid, that He had acquainted him
trith his going into the Country to recover his In*
difpofition which troubled him, by frefli Air; and
that Dr. fFinfion his Phyiician was with him, and
informed him, that He was troubled with the
Stofie ; and that his having fate fo much in the
Houfe, in that very hot Weather, had done him much
Harm ; and therefore that He had advifed him to
refrefli himfelf in the Country Air -, with which Tef-
linnony They were for the prefent fatisfied ; though
Mr. Peard faid confidently, " that He was troubled
*' with no other Stone than the Stone in his Hearty
*' and therefore He would have him fent for where-
*'ever He was, for He was moft confident that
f ' He was doing them Mifehief, wherever He was.*'
But He prevailed not, till their Cotnmittee from
T^k &nt them Ward> that He was cpme thither,

H 4 and

120 The L I F E of Part 11.

and almoft always with the King. It is faid before,
that He ftaid at Nojiall at the Houfe of Sir John
Worftenbolmey from whence He fent every Day to
the King, and received his- Majefly's Commands ;
and He intended to have ftaid longer there, where
He could better intend and difpatch any Bufinefs
He was to do ; and He was willing for fome Tim^
not to be feen at Tork, which He knew would
quickly be taken Notice of at Wejiminfter.

When He came firft thither. He found that the
King was not fatisfied with the Lord Keeper, which
gave him much Trouble ; his Majefty having fent
him Word that He did not like his Humours, nor
know what to make of him. Mr. Elliot who haJ
brought the Seal to the King, to magnify- his own
Service, and not imagining that the Keeper intend-
ed to follow him, had told many Stories ; as if the
Keeper had refufed to deliver the Seal, and that He
got it by Force, by having locked the 'Door upon
him, and threatened to kill him, if He would not
give it to him, which" upon fuch his Manhood He
did for pure Fear confent unto. And his Tale got
fo much Credit with the King that He hardly dif-
belicved it, when He came himfelf, though it was
in the Nature of it very improbable that a iingle
Man, by another Man as ftrong as himfelf (who
was attended by many Servants in the next Room) "
(hould be fuffered to Ihut the Door upon him, and
to extort That from him, which He had no Mind to
part with ; and afterwards to go out of his Houfe,
"When there were Perfons enough in every Room to
have laid Hands upon him, and to have taken That
again by Force, which He had ravifhed away. Be-
fides that his Majefty knew He expefted to be(6a)
fent for at that Time ; and that if He had repent- •
cd the Promife He had made, and refolved not to
perform it. He could have found feveral Ways to
jbave evaded it j and refufed to have admitted iMr%

^iiiat

Partll. Edward E^r/'g/'CLARENDON. 121

Elliot to fpeak with him : But the Prejudice his
Majefly had before contrafted againft him, and the
great Confidence Elliot had in the Relation, which
was natural in him; had fhut out all thofe Reflec-
tions, Yet when his Majefly faw him, He received
him gracioufly ; and caufed him to be lodged in the
Court, in a Room very near his Majefty ; which
many believed to be rather out of Jealoufy and
Care that He Ihould not again return, than out of
Refpedt to him ; his Majefty keeping ftill the Seal
himfelf, and not reftoring it to his Cuftody ; which
could not but make fome Impreflion on Him, and
more on others, who from thence concluded that •
He would have no more to do with the Seal ; and
carried themfelves towards him accordingly*

The Lords who were come from the Houfe of
Peers, and had been offended at his Behaviour there,
gave him little Refpeft now ; but rather gave Cre-
dit, to Mr. Elliot's Relation : And were forward to
make Relation of his Carriage in the Houfe to his
Difadvantagc, to the King himfelf ; fo that it was
no Wonder that the poor Gentleman grew very
Melancholick. And when He was fent for to at- .
tend the King (who was himfelf prefent when the
Great Seal was to be lifed ; nor did ever fufl^er it to
be ufed but in the Prefence of the Keeper, who
ligned all Things as He ought to do by his Office)
when any Proclamation of Treafon, as that againfl
the Earl of EJfex^ or againft the Proceedings of the
Houfes, as in the Bufinefs of the Militia, or the
like, was brought to be fealed. He ufed all Delays ;
and made many Exceptions ; and found Faults in
Matters of Form, and otherwife,and fometimes very
reafbnatbly -, yet in .fuch a Manner, as made it evi-
dent He retained many Fears about him, as if He
was not without Apprehenfion that He might fall
again into their Hands ; which was the Caufe that
the King had faid, that He knew not what to make
oiFhim. Mr.

12* The L I F E of Partll:

ii^.Hydc Mr. Hyde^ as fbon as He heard this, wrote a
v^Z^Ttbt Letter to the King ; and put him in Mirtd of all
King. that had formerly paflfed in that Affair: How abib-
lutely the Keeper had deftroyed himfclf in the Ac-
count of the Parliament, by paying that Obedience
which He ought to do to his Majefty's Commands;
and that if He Ihould be deprived of his Majefty's
Favour, He muft be of all Men the moft miferable;
and that himfelf fhould be mdft unfortunate, in
having contributed fo much to his Ruin ; which
would call his Majefty's Good Nature, and even his
Juftice into Queftion : And therefore befought him
to be Gracious to him, and to keep up his Spirits
with his Countenance. However He made it his
own humble Suit to his Majefly, that He would
not take any fevere Refolution againft hirti,, before
He gave Him leave to kifs his Hand, and to offer
him fome farther Confidcrations. Upon the Receipt
of this Letter, the King fent him Word, that He
would gratify him in the laft part of his Letter,
and conclude Nothing before He fpake with him :
In the mean Time He wiflied him to fend the Keep-
er fome good Counfel; and that as foon as He
Ihould have difpatched fome Bufinefs He had then
upon his Hands, that He would come to Tork^
where He would find much to do; and that He
thought now, there would be lefs Reafon every Day
for his being concealed. And within four or five
Days after, his Majefly fent Mr. A/hburnham to him
to let him know, that He had every Day fo much
to do with the Keeper, and found him fo refradtory
and obftinate, that He fhould not be able to keep
the Promife He had made to him, if He did not(^j)
And^mfrm make Hafle to York ; and therefore bade him to be
Ybrik^ "^^^ ^^^ ^^h aU Convenience : Whereupon, with-
in two Days after, for He had fomewhat to difpatch
that required Hafte, and fooner than He intended^
He waited upon his Majefly at Torh.

Wheh

FartIL Edward E^/£/"Clarendon. 123

Whin He came to the Court, being about four
of the Clock in theAfternoon, the King was atCoun-
cHy upon the publifhing his Anfwer to the Declara-
tion of the twenty fixth of May ; which though it
Contained eight or nine Sheets of Paper, He brought
to the Board in his own Hand writing ; having kept
the Promife He had made at Greenwich, to that
Hour, in writing out all the Papers himfelf which
had been fent to him ; which had been s. wonderful
Tafk He had impofed on himfelf: So that He al-
ways fpent more than half the Day, ftiut up by him-
felf in his Chamber, Writing ; which was moft of
the News the Houfes heard of him at London ; and
which perplexed them very much,

Mr. Hyde was in the Gallery when the King came Bi Reee^m
from Council ; and as foon as He faw him. He bade ^^^»
him Welcome to York wcry gracioufly ; and alked
fome Queftions aloud of him, as if He thought He
had then come from London ; and then called him
into the Garden, where He walked with Him above
an Hour. He faid at the beginning, " that They ^Comm^
" needed not now be afraid of being feen toge- ^^'^'J'
*^ ther ;*• then ufcd all the Expreffions of Kindnefs
tb him that can be imagined •, of the Service He had
done him, and of the great Benefit He had recei-
ved from it, even to the turning the Hearts of the
wliole Nation towards him again ; and of his gra-
dous Refolutions of rewarding him with the firft
Opportunity; and many Expreffions of that Kindj
which the other received with the Modcfly and Re-
verence that became him. Then his Majefty fpake
of his Bufinefs, and the Temper of that Country ;
ifid quickly entered upon finding Fault with the
Keeper, and protefted, if it were not for his Sake,
He Wbuld turn him out of his Place that very
Hour ; and enlarged upon many Particulars of hiis'
Obftinacy, and of his Want of Courage, to fuch a
Dbgrce, as if He did really apprehend, that the

Gentle-

124 "the L 1 F E of Partll.

Gentleman Ufher of the Black Rod would come
and take him out pf his Chamber.

Mr. Hyde told him, that He would difcouragc
many good Men, who defired to ferye him very
faithfully, if He. were too fevere for fuch Faults as
the Infirmities of their Nature, and Defefts in their
Education expofed them to : That if the Keeper,
from thofe Imprefllons, had committed fome Faults
which might provoke his Majefty's Difpleafure, He
had redeemed thofe Errors by a fignal Service,
which might well wipe out the Memory of the
other. The King faid with fome Warmth, "that He
" was fo far from another Opinion, that He would
" hate himfelf if He did not believe that He had
^' made a full Expiation ; and though He did think
^\ that He had been wrought upon by him to per-
" form that Part ; yet He thought the Merit of it
*' far above any of his Tranfgreflions ; and that He
*^ was difpofed, from the firft Minute of his coming
*' to Torkj to have renewed his old Kindnefs to him,
^\ and Confidence in him ; and would willingly have
** given the Seal again into his Hands, if He had
" found He had defired it : But that He found no
" Serenity in his Countenance ; nor any Inclination
*' to do what Neceflity required : And whereas the
'' Parliament took Advantage, that none of -his Ma-
" jefl:y*3 A<Ss, which He had caufed to be publilhed,
" were Authentick nor ought to be looked upon
** as his, becaufe the GrearSeal had not been affix-
" ed to them, which could not be done whilft the
" Great Seal was at Weftminfier ; now He had the
*' Seal by him, and fent Proclamations to be fealed,(64)
** the Keeper was ftill as unwilling that they fhould
" pafs, as if He was ftill under their Power : Which
" made him angry, and Nothing that He had done
"before."

Mr. Hyde replied, that "the poor Gentlernan
"could not but; think himfelf difobliged to the

' ^^higheft

Part 11. Edward Ejr/ ^Clarendon. 125

" higheft Extremity, in the Prefumption of Mr. El-
** Hot ; and that his extravagant and infolent Dif-
•" coUrfes (hould find Credit, without his Majefly's
" Reprehenfion and Vindication, who knew the Falf-
^^ hood of them.*' And fo put his Majefty in Mind
of all that had paffed ; and of the other Circumftan-
ces, which ma:de all the other's Brags impoflible to
be True. For his Fears and Apprehenfions, He
befought his Majefty to remember, that " He had
*' newly efcaped out of that Region, where the
*' Thunder and Lightening is made ; and that He
*' could hardly yet recover the Fright He had been
*' often in, and feen fo many others in ; and that
"his Majefty need not difturft him, He had pafTed
^^ the Rubicon^ and had no Hope but in his Majef-
" ty." His Majefty concluded, that He ftiould be WhmUirt^
fure to receive all neceflary Countenance, and Pro- 't^^^^l^.
teftion from him, of which He bade him to aflure
him, and prefently to vifit him, which going to do.
He met him in the Garden, and They there walk-
ed together.

He found him full of Apprehenfion that He
Ihould be put out of his Place ; and of the Ruin
and Contempt that He fliould be then expofed to,
which He had brought upon himfelf ; but when
the other anfwered him, that there was no Danger of
that ; and told him all that had pafled between the
King and Him ; and that if He would, He might
have the Seal ifi his own Cuftody again within an
Hour; He was exceedingly revived, and defired
him to intrcat the King to keep the Great Seal flill
himfelf ; that He would by no Means be anfwer-
' able for the Safety of it ; nor would truft any Ser-
vant of his own to look to it ; which as it was wife-
ly confidered and refolved by him, fo it increafed
the King's Confidence in him 5 who would have
been troubled if the other had accepted the Grace
that was oflfered. And from that Tiriie^ when ^ny

Thing

12^ ne LIFE if Pwtll.

Thing was to be done, that admimftered any Ail-
ment for Doubt, Mr. Hyde always prepared him by
Difcourfe ; fo that there was never after any Un-
kindnefs from the King toward^ him ; but the Vi-
gour of his Mind grew every Day left under a great
Melancholy that opprefled him, from the Confide^
• ration of the Time, and of his own ill Condition in
his Fortune •, which was much worfe tlmn any Body
imagined it could be.

B E F o R E He went out of the Garden, the Lord
Ho^ardy Sir Hugh Cholmefy^ and Sir Philip Stapkton
(who were the Committee from the Pariiament) had
Intelligence that He was walking in the Garden
with the King : whereupon They came prefendy
thither, and after They had faluted him with much
Civility, They fliewed him an Inftruftion They had
from the Parliament ; by which They were requi-
red, if any Member of either Houfe came to Tcrk^
They fhould let them know, that it was the Plea-
fure of the Houfe that They fliould immediately at-
^'"J^^lt" ^^^^ ^^^ Houfe ; and fignify to them what Anfwer
^ the Par- They made; and fo They defired He would excufe
^1w* ^' ^^"^ ^^^ doing their Duty. He told them. He was
but juft then come thither in Obedience to his Ma-
jefty's Commands, and knew not yet what Service
He was to do; but that as foon as his Majcfty
would give him Leave, He would return to tfee
Parliament.

There happened an Accident, at Mr. Hy4c*s
firft coming to Tork^ which He ufed often to fpe^k
of, and to be very merry at. One of the King's
SteVants had provided a Lodging for him, fo tS*
wheh He alighted at the Court, He fent his S«rr((Jj)
VBnts thither, and ftaid himfelf at the Court till af-
ter Supper, and till the King went into his Chapj-
bcr ; and then He had a Guide, who went with
liim, and condu<9:ed him to his Chamber -, whidi
He liked very well» aiKl begya to. imdrefs:iuxi!^.

One

Part n. Edward Earl cf Clarendon. 127

One of his Servants, wifhed that He had any other
Lodgi^ig, and defired him not to lie there ; He
alked why, it feemed to him a good Chamber: His
Servant anfwered, that the Chamber was good, but
the People of the Houfe the worfl: He ever faw,
and fudi, as He was confident would do him fome
Mifchief : At which wondering, his Servant told
him, that the Perfons of the Houfe feemed to be
of fome Condition by their Habit, that was very
jgood ; and that the Servants when They came thi-
ther, found the Matter and Miftrefs in the lower
Room, who received them civilly, and ihewed them
the Chamber where th^ir Mailer was to lodge ; and
wiihed diem to call for any Thing They wanted,
and fo left them : That fliortly after, one of them
went down, and the Miftrefs of the Houfe being
again in the lower Room, where it feems She ufual-
ly fate. She afked him, what his Mafter*s Name was,
which He told her ; what faid She, that Hyde that
is of the Houfe of Commons ? and He anfwering
yes. She gave a great Shriek, and cried out, that
He ihould not lodge in her Houfe ; curfing him
with many bitter Execrations. Upon the Noife her
Huft>and came in, and when She told him who it
was diat was to lodge in the Chamber above. He
fwore a -great Oath that He Ihould not; and that
He would rather fet his Houfe on Fire than enter-
tain him in it. The Servant ftood amazed, know-
ing that his Mafter had never been in, or near that
City ; and defired to know what Offence He had
committed againft them ; He told them He was
Congdent that his Maftdr did not know them, nor
could be known to them. The Man anfwered after
two tor three Curfes, that He knew him well enough,
and that He had undone Him, and his Wife, and
his Children ; and fo after repeating fome new bit-
ter Curfes, He concluded, that He would fet his
Houfe on Fire as fooa as the Other j(hould fet his

Foot

128 The L I F E of PartIL

Foot in it ; and fo He and his Wife went away in
a great Rage into an inner Room, and clapped the
Door to them.

When his Servant had made this Relation to
him, He was no lefs furprifed -, knew not what to
make of it -, afked whether the People were drunk ;
was aflfured that They were very fober, and appear-
ed before this Paflion to be well bred. He feiit to
defire the Mafter of the Houfe to come to him,
that They might confer together, and that He
would immediately depart his Houfe if He defired
it. He received no Anfwer, but that He and his
Wife were gone to Bed ; upon which He faid no
more, but that, if They were gone to Bed, He
would go to Bed too, and did accordingly. Though
He was not difturbed in the Night, the Morning
was not -at all calmer ; the Mafter and the Miftrefi
ftormed as much as ever •, and would not be per-
fuaded to fpeak with him : But He then underftood
the Reafon : The Man of the Houfe had been an
Attorney in the Court of the'Prefident and Council
of the North, in great Reputation and Prafticc
there; and thereby got a very good Livelihood,
with which He had lived in Splendour; and Mr.
Hyde had fate in the Chair of that Committee, and
had carried up the Votes of the Commons againft
that Court to the Houfe of Peers, upon which it
was diflblved : Which He confeflcd was a better
Reafon for being angry with him, than many others
had, who were as angry, and perfecuted him more.
However, He thought himfelf obliged to remove
the Eye-fore from them, and to quit the Lodging
that had been afligned to him ; and He was much
better accommodated by the Kindnefs of a good
Prebendary of the Church, Dr. Hod/hotiy who fent(W
nerefjesat to invitc him to lodge in his Houfe, as foon as He
^^H^!!* heard He was come to Town ; where He refided as
ihon. long as the Coprt ftaid there.

There

Partll. Edward JS^r/g/' Clarendon. 129

There was now a great Conflux of the Mem-
bers of both Houfes of Parliament to Tork ; info-
much as there remained not in the Houfe of Com-
mons above a fifth Part of the whole Number ; and
of the Houfe of Peers fo few> that there continued
not at JViftmnfter twenty Lords. Yet They pro-
ceeded with the fame Spirit and Prefumption, as
when their Numbers were full ; publifhed new De-
clarations againft the King ; raifed Soldiers for their
Army apace ; and executed their Ordinance for the
Militia in all the CoMntit% pi England^ the Northern
Parts only excepted ; forbad all Perfons to refort to
the King ; and intercepted many in their Journey
towards Tork^ and committed them to Prifon : Not*
withflanding which, many Perfons of Quality every
Day flocked thither ; and it was no longer fafe for
thofe Members to ftay in the Houfes of Parliament,
who refolved not to concur with them in their un-
warrantable Defigns ; and therefore the Lord Falk-
land and Sir John Colepepper Ihortly after repaired
likewife to Tork.

When the King declared that He would go to
Beverley^ a Place within four Miles of /fo//, the
Noife of the King's Journey thither made a great
Impreflion upon the Parliament. Where, how great
a Concurrence foever there was, in thofe unwarrant-
. able Aftions which begot the War -, yet a fmall
Number of thofe, who voted both the railing the
Army, and making the General, did in Truth in-
tend, or believe that there would be a War : And
therefore when They looked upon it as begun in
this March of the King's to Hull (for They confi-
4ered their own Aftions as done only to prevent a
War, by making the King unable to make it, who
as They thought only defired it) They moved pre-
fently for fome Overtures of an Accommodation,-
which that angry Party that refolved againfl it,
never durft abfolutely rejeft ; but confenting ch^r-

.Fol.I. I fully

xja The L t F E of ' Part IL

fully to it, got thereby Authority to infert fuch
Things in the Addrefs, as muft inevitably render
it inefFedhial. So, at this Time They fent the Earl
of Holland^ a Perfon whom They knew to be moft
unacceptable to the King, with two Members of
the Houfc of Commons, who came to Beverley ^]^t
Day the King arrived there. The Subjeft olf their
Meflage was, after feveral ipeciotis Expreffions, and
Profeffions of their Duty, to diffuade his Majefty
from making War againft his Parliament, by pro-
ceeding in his Enterprize againft HuU^ which the
Parliament was obliged to defend. And all the Ex-
pedient They propofed for the avoiding this War
was, that He would confent to the nineteen Propo-
fitions, which They had formerly made to him at
Torky and to which He had long fince returtied his
Anfwer; and both the one and the other w^re
printed.

These nineteen Propofitions, which contained
the Difmhcrifon of the Crown of all its choice Re-
galities, and left only the Shadow and empty Name
©f the King, had been framed by the Houfes after
Mr. Hyde left London, And becaufe He had fo
much Work thea upon his Hands, as They be-
lieved He would not be able to difpatch foon
enough, the Lord Falkland and Sir John Cokpep- .
per undertook to prepare an Anfwer to them them-
felves ; and fo divided the Propofitions between
them ; and in a Ihort Time fo finifhed their An-
fwer that They fent it to the King, and defired
that Mr. Ifyde might perufe it, and then caufe it to
be published and printed. The Anfwer was full to
%11 Particulars ; and writ with very much Wit and
.Sharpnefs ; but there were fome Expreffions in kj
which He liked not, as prejudicial to the King, and(67)
in Truth a Miftake in Point of Right, in that ?art
which, had been prepared by Sir John Olepefperi
who had taken it up upon Credit, and without wiiigh- .

. ing

Part II. Edward Earl g/" Clarendon. 131

ing the Confequence, did really believe tljat it had
been True; which was, that in the Dilcourfe of
the Conftitution of the Kingdom, He had declared,
that the King^ and the Houfe of Peersy and the Houfe
of Commons made the Three Efiates : And for this
Reaibn Mr. Hyde did not advance the Printing it ;
and told the King, that all the Particulars in thofe Mr.Hy^e
Propofitions had been enough anfwered in former /S»J^
Anwers to other Declarations (wich was True) and My^tte
therefore that this needed not be publifhed : With f^^^^
which his JMajefty was fatisfied, without knowing '"^f^^'^
Ac particular true Reafon ; which He thought not ^^*"'
fit to communicate, for both the Perfons Sakes, of
whofe AfFedlion for the Church (which was prin-
cipally concerned in that Miftake, fince in Truth
the Bifhops make the Third Efiate^ the King being
the Head and Sovereign of the Whole) his Ma-
jcfty was always jealous.

, But They no fooner came to Tork^ than They
appeared much unfatisfied, that that Anfwer was
not printed : And the Lord Falkland finding it re-
mained ftill in Mr. Hyde*s Hands, He expoftulated
warmly with him of the Reafons 5 and in fome
Pafiion faid, " He therefore difliked it becaufe He Lord¥$Sk.
^ had not writ it himfelf," Upon which, without l^i.^'
(kjring more than that " He never expedted fo un- ^/k i
^^ kind a Reproach from Him," He delivered the
«trritten Copy to him, and He immediately procured
che King's Confcnt, and fent it to the Prefs that
t<?ight, with Order to lofe no Time in the Impref*
Bon. Of which the King was afterwards very fenr
Qfile ; and that excellent Lord, who intended not
iie^feaft Unkindnefs (nor did it produce the leaft
[ftterruption in their Friendfhip) was likewife much
lOubled when He knew the Reafon ; and imputed
t to his own Inadvertency, and to the Infufion of
bme Lawyers who had mifled Sir John Colepepper \
aid to the Declarations which many of the Prela-

I % tical

132 The L I F E of PartH,

tical Clergy frequently and ignbrantly made, that
the Bilhops did not fit in Parliament, as the Re-
prefentatives of the Clergy, and fo could not be the
Third EJlate.

I T happened that the Day the Earl of HoUand
came to Beverley^ Mr^ Hyde had been riding Abroad;
and returning to Beverley happened to be in the
fame Road, when the Earl of Holland and his Com-
pany profecuted their Journey to the King : Wten
meeting together, there pafled the ufual Salutations
which are between Perfons well known to each
ii4r. Hyde's Other. " He hoped (the Earl faid) that He fhould
^^/hfari "' be Welcome to all honeft Men at the Court, be-
j/'Hoiiand. " caufe He came to invite the King to return to his
*' Parliament 5 and to abolifh all Jealoufies between
" them.'* The other anfwered, " He would be very
^ Welcome indeed, if He brought proper Expedients
^' to produce either of thofe EfFefts : But then his
*' Errand muft be of another Compofition, than
•' what the King underftood it to be." Upon which
They entered upon a warmer Difcourfe than it may
be either of them intended 5 and as the Earl ^ake
in another Style than He had ufed to do, of the
Power and Authority of the Parliament, and how
much They were fuperiour to any OppoGtion or Con-
tradiftion j fo the Other in the Debate was lefs re-
ferved, and kept a lefs Guard upon himfelf than
He ufed to do ; io that They feemed nothing pleafcd
with each other : Nor did Mr. Hyde vifit him after
his coming to Beverley^ becaufe He was informed
that the Earl had, to many Perfons who reforted to
him, repeated with fome Liberty and Sharpnefe,
what had pafled between them ; and not without
He ii exempt, fomc Mcnaccs what the Parliament would do. And(^^)
io^hlvote ^^ ^^^^ ^^ ^^ ^^^ return, there was a new Vote paf-
tftbi Upufa, fed by Name againfl Him, and Two or Three more,
by which He was exempted from Pardon in any Ac-

commoda-.

Part IL Edward Earl g/" Clarendon. 133

commodation that fliould be made between the King
and Parliament.

Mr- Hyde had been abfent four or five Days from,
the Court ; and came into the Prefence when the
King was wafliing his Hands before Dinner ; and
as foon as the King law him^ He afked him aloud,
" Ned Hyde^ when did you play with my Band-
ftrings laft"? upon which He was exceedingly
out of Countenance, not imagining the Caufe of
the Queftion, and the Room being full of Gentle-
men, who appeared to be merry with what the^
King had afked. But his Majefty obferving him
to be in Diforder, and to blulli very much, faid
pleafantly, " be not troubled at it, for I have worn ,
*'no Bandftrings thefe twenty Years; and then
afked him whether He had not feen the Diurnal •,
of which He had not heard till then, but, fhortly
after, fpme of the Standers-by fhewed him a Diur-
nal, in which there was a Letter of Intelligence
printed, where it was faid, that Ned Hyde was grown
fo familiar with the King, that He ufed to play with
bis Bandftrings. Which was a Method of calum-
niating They began then, and fhortly after profe-
cuted and exercifed upon much greater Perfons.

I N the Afternoon the Earl of Holland came to de-
liver his Meflage with great Formality ; whom the
King received with much Coldnefs, and Manifefla-
tion of Negleft ; and when the Earl approached,
and kneeled to kifs his Hand, He turned or with-^
drew his Hand in fuch a Manner, that the Eari
killed his own. When the Me/Tage was read, the.
King faid little more, than that They fhould not
ftay lopg for an Anfwer ; and fo went to his Cham^*
ber. The Earl was not without many Friends there,
and fome of them moved the King, that He would
give him Leave to fay fomewhat to him in Private,
which They believed would be very much for his
Service j ,but his Majefly would by no Means yield

I 3 to

134 TT)e L I F E of Part IL

to It. By this Time his Majefly had Notice of the
Governor's Irrefolution at Hull\ and fo was. glad
of this Opportunity to have a fair Excufe for ma-
king no Attempt upon that Place. And lent the
next Day for the Earl of Holland to receive his An-
fwer ; which being read aloud in the King's Pre-
fence, and a full Room, by the Clerk of the Coun-
cil, was very grateful to the Auditors, who feared
fome Condefcenfion in the King •, though very mor-
tifying to the Ear!. For befides that it was thought
very fharp towards the Houfes, it declared his Bro-
- ther the Earl of Warwick a Traitor, for poflefling
himfelf of the King's Fleet againft his Confcnt ;
and concluded, that He would forbear any Attempt
upon Htdl for fourteen Days ; in which Time, if
the Parliament would enter into a Treaty for a
happy Peace, They fhould find him very well in-
clined to it ; after the Expiration of that Time He
fhould purfue thofe Ways which He thought fit.
In the mean Time, He made a fhort Progrefs into
the adjacent Counties of Nottingham and Leicefter^
to fee what Countenance They wore \ and to en-
courage thofe, who appeared to have good AflTcc-
tions to his Service : And then returning to Beverley
within the limited Time, and hearing no more from
the Parliament, or any Thing from Hull that He
cxpefted. He returned again to Tork.

Mr. Hyde was wont often to relate a Paflage in

that melancholick Time, when the Standard was

fct up at Nottingham^ with which He was much

afFefted. Sir Edmund Farmy, Knight-MarfliaJ, who

was mentioned before as Standard Bearer, with (^9)

whom He had great Familiarity^ who was a Man

of great Courage, and generally beloved, came one

mcMveffo;- Day to him and told him, " He was very glad to

^"^^"^"fee Him, in fo univerfal a Damp, under which

VaroiPy. *' the Spirits of mofl Men wjere opprefled, retain

" fWI his natural Vivacity andCheei^lnefe; that He

*'kncw

Part II. Edward Earl g/'CL arendon. 155

**knew that the Condition of the King, and the
*' Power of the Parliament, was not better knowa
*' to any Man than to Him ; and therefore He hoped
" that He was able to adminifter fome Comfort to
*' his Friends, that might raife Their Spirits, as well
*' as it fupportcd his own." He anfwered, " that
"He was in Truth beholden to his Conftitution^
" which did not incline him to Defpair -, otherwife,
^' that He had no pleafant Profpeft before him, but
^' thought as ill of Affairs as moft Men did ; that
*' the Other was as far from being melancholick as
*' He, and was known to be a Man of great Cou-
^* rage ( as indeed He was of a very cheerful and
^^ a generous Nature, and confefledly Valiant) and
** that They Could not do the King better Service,
** than by making it their Bufinels to raife the de-
*.' jeded Minds of Men ; and root out thofe Appre-
^ henfions which difturbed them, of Fear and De-
*' Ipair, which could do no Good, and did really
•Vmuch Mifchief."

H E replied fmiling, *' I will willingly join with
*' you the beft I can, but I fhall a6t it very fcur-
** vily. My Condition, faid //<?, is much worfe than
*' yours, and different I believe from any other
*' Man's, and will very well juftify the Melancho-
*' lick that, I confcfs to yi)u, poflefTes me. You
** have Satisfa£tion in your Confcience that you are
^' in the Right ; that the King ought not to grant
^* what is required of him ; and fo you do your
** Duty^ and your Bufinefs together : But for my
•* Part, I do not like the Quarrel, and do heartl-
** ly wilh that the King would yield and confent to
*^ what They dclire ; fo that ray Confcience is only
** concerned in Honour and in Gratitude to fol-
** low my Mafler. I have eaten his Bread, and
*^ fervcd him near thirty Years, and will not do fa
*•* bale a Thing, as to forfake him ; and choofe ra- "
^ t^er tfi lofc my life (which lam fiire I fhall do)

I 4 ' . ^* to

136 The L I F E of Partll.

" to preferve and defend thofe Things, which are
"againft my Confcience to preferve and defend.
**For I will deal freely with you, I have no Re-
^* verence for the Bifliops, for whom this Quarrel
*^fubfifts/' It was not a Time to difputej and
his Affeftion to the Church had never been ftif-
pefted. He was as good as his Word ; and was
killed in the Battle of Edgehill, within two Months
after this Difcourfe. And if thole who had the
lame and greater Obligations, had obferved the
fame Rules of Gratitude and Generofity, whatever
their other AfFeftions had been, that Battle had
never been fought, nor any of that Mifchief been
brought to pafs, that fucceeded it.

After the King came to Oxford with his Army,
his Majefty one Day fpeaking with the Lord FaO^-
land very gracioufly concerning Mr. Hyde^ faid He
had fuch a peculiar Style, that He could know any
Thing written by him, if it were brought to him
by a Stranger, amongft a Multitude of Writings
by other Men. The Lord Falkland anfwered. He
doubted his Majefty could hardly do that 5 becaufc*
He himfelf, who had fo long Converfation and
Friendfhip with him, was often deceived ; and of-
ten met with Things written by him, of which He
could never have fufpefted him, upon the Variety
ne King's of Arguments. To which the King replied, He
t^%lk' would lay Him an Angela that let the Argujnent be*
land ctman- what it would, He fliould never bring him a Sheet
^^esStyk, of Paper (for He would not undertake to judge of
lefs) of his Writing, but He would difcover It to
be his. The Lord Falkland told him it fhould be
a Wager -, but neither the one or the other ever
mentioned it to Mr. Hyde. Some Days after, thef7o)
Lord Falkland brought feveral Packets, which He
had then received from London^ to the King, before
fie had opened them, as He ufed to do : And after
He had read his feveral Letters of Intelligence, He

took

Part 11. Edward Earl o/Clarendon. i 37

took out the Prints of Diurnals and Speeches, and ,
the' like, which were every Day printed at London^
and as conftantly fent to Oxford: And amongft the
reft there were two Speeches, the one made by the
Lord Pembroke for an Accommodation ; and the
other by the Lord Brooke againft it, and for the
carrying on the War with more Vigour, and utter-
ly to root out the Cavaliers, which were the King's
Party.

The King was very much plealed with reading
the Speeches, and faid, He did not think that Pern-
iroke could fpeak fo long together ; though every
Word He faid was fo much his own, that no Body
t\(z could make it. And fo after He had pleafed
Himfelf with reading the Speeches over again, and
then pafled to other Papers, the Lord Falkland
whilpered in his Ear ( for there were other Perfons
by) defiring him He would pay him the Angela
which his Majefty in the Inftant apprehending,
blufhed, and put his Hand in his Pocket, and gave
hini an Angela faying, He had never paid a Wager
more willingly : And was very merry upon it, and
would often call upon Mr. Hyde for a Speech, or
a Letter, which He very often prepared upon feve-
ral Occafions ; and the King always commanded
them to be printed. And He was often wont to Mr. Hyde
fay many Years after, that He would be very ^^^^^},,f
He could make a CoUeftion of all thofc Papers, maty ofhu
which He had written occafionally at that Time ; '^^^
which He could never do, though He got many of
them.

There was at that Time a pleafant Story up-
on thofe Speeches. The Lord Brooke had met with ^?^'^
them in print; and heard that He was much re-/^'
proached for fo Unchriftian a Speech againft Peace ;
though the Language was fuch as He ufed in all
Opportunities : Whereupon one Morning in the
Houfe of Peers, and before the Houfe fate. He

came

138 rbe L I F E cf Partll.

came to the Earl of Portland (who yet remained
there with the King's Approbation, and knew well
enough from whence the Speeches came, having
himfelf caufed them to be printed) and fhewing
them to him, defired He would move the Houfe,
that that Speech might, by their Order, be burned '
by the Hand of the Hangman -,. by which Means
the Kingdom would be inrormed, that it had never
been fpoken by him. The EarJ faid He would
willingly do him the Service ; but He obferved that
the Speeches were printed in that Manner, that
where the Earl of Pembroke's Speech ended on the
one Side of the Leaf, His (the Lord Brooke* s) Speech
began on the other Side, fo that one could not be
burned, without burning the other too 5 which He
knew not how the Earl of Pembroke would like;
and therefore He durft not move it without his
Confent. Whereupon They both went to the fiarl,
who was then likewife in the Houfe, and Portland
told him what the Lord Brooke defired, and aiked
him whether Ha wifhed it fhould be done. He,
who heard He was very well Ipoken of, for having
fpoke fo honeftly for Peace, faid, He did not defire
it. Upon which Brooke in great Anger, afked if
He had ever made that Speech ; He was very fure
He had never made the other : And the Other with
equal Choler replied, that He was always for Peace;
and though He could not fay He had Ipoken all
thofe Things together. He was fure He had fpoken
them all at feveral Times ; an4 that He knew as
well, that He had always been againft Peace, and
had often ufed all thofe Expreffions which were in
the Speech, though it may be not all together.
Upon which They entered into a high Combat of (7<
reproachful Words againft each other^ to the no
fmall Delight of the Earl, who had brought them
together, and of the reft of the Standers-by.

The

Part 11. Edward Earl ^/^ Clarendon. 139

The King was no fooner fettled in his Winter
Quarters, after his Retreat from Brentford to Ox-
ford^ but the Parliament lent to him for a Safe-
Condu6l, for Commiflloners to be fent from thenv
to treat of Peace ; which was fent to them. Alid
at this Time there was a Change in Mr. Hide'^
Fortune, by a Preferment the King conferred upon
him. Every Body knew that He was trufted by the
King in his moft fecret Tranfaftions -, but He was
under no Charafter in his Service. When the Com-
mifiioners who were fent for the Safe-Condu<5l came
to Oxfordy Ibme who came in their Company, a-
mongft other Matters of Intelligence brought the
King a Letter of his own to the Queen, printed,
that had been intercepted and printed by the Li-
cenfe, if not Order, of the Parliament. In this
Letter, of the fafe Conveyance whereof his Majefty
had no Apprehenfion, the King had lamented the
Uneafinefe of his own Condition, in relpeft of the
daily Importunity which was made to him by the
Lords and others, for Honours, Offices, and Pre-
ferments ; and named feveral Lords, who were foli-
citous by themfelves, or their Friends, for this, and
that Pkce ; in all which He defired to receive the
Queen's Advice, being refolved to do Nothing with
Reference to thofe Pretences, till He fhould receive
it. But Hefaid there were fome^Places, which He
muft dilpofe of without ftaying for her Anfwcr, *
the Neceflity of his Service requiring it; which
were the Mafterfhip of the Wards ; Application
being ftill made to the Lord Say in thofe Affairs,
and fo that Revenue was diverted from him : And
therefore as He had revoked his Patent, io He
was refolved to make Secretary Nicholas Matter
of the Wards, and then (thefe were his Majefty's
own Words) / muft make Ned Hyde Secretary cf
State y for the Truth iSj I can truft no Body elfe.
Which was a very envious ExJ)reffion, and extended

by

140 the L I F E of ^artll.

by the ill Interpretation of fome Men, to a more
general Comprchenfion than could be intended.
This was quickly made Publick, for there were
feveral Prints of it in many Hands; and fome
Men had Reafon to be troubled to find their
Names mentioned in that Manner, and others were
glad that theirs were there, as having the Pretence
to purfue their Importunities the more vehemently,
being, as the Phrafe was, brought upon the Stage,
and fhould fufFer much in their Honour if They
fliould be now rejefted ; which Kind of Argument

• tatioii was very unagreeable and grievous to the
King.

^^iim!t One Morning, when the King waS walking in
^"of^. the Garden, as He ufed to do, Mr. Hyde being
^^/y*/" then in his View, his Majefly called him, and dif-
courfed of the Trouble He was in at the intercept-
ing that Letter; and finding by his Countenance
that He underftood not the Meaning, He afked
him, " whether He had not heard a Letter of his
*' which He writ to the Queen, had been inter-
" cepted and printed.** And He anfwering, that
*' He had not heard of it,** as in Truth He had
not ; the King gave him the printed Letter to read,

* and then faid, that " He wifhed it were as much
*' in his Power to make every Body elfe Amends, as
" He could Him ; for. He faid^ He was relblved
*' that Afternoon to fwear him Secretary of State,
" in the Place of Nicholas ; whom He would like-
" wife then make Mafter of the Wards.** Mr. Hyde
told him, *' He was indeed much furprifed with the
*' Sight of the Letter ; which He wifhed had not
" been communicated in that Manner : But that He
" was much more furprifed to find his own Name
" in it, and his Majefty*s Refolution upon it, which
"He befought him to change; for as He never(7»)
'* had the Ambition to hope, or wifh for that Place,

" fo He knew He was very unfit for it, and unable

"to

part IL Edward Earl ^Clarendon. 141

" to difcharge it." To which the King with a little
Anger replied, that " He did the greateft Part of
♦' the Bufinefs now :*' And He anfwered, that " what
" He did now, would be no Part of the Bufinefi, if
** the Rebellion were ended ; and that his Unlkil-
" fulnefs in Languages, and his not underftanding
** foreign Affairs, rendered him very incapable of
" that Truft." The King faid, " He would learn
*^ as much as was neceflary of that Kind very quick-
" ly.'* He continued his Defire, that hls'Majefly
would lay afide that Thought ; and faid, " that He
** had great Friendfhip for Secretary NicholaSj who
*' would be undone by the Change ; for He would
** find that his Majefty would receive very little, and
"He Nothing, by that Office, till the Troubles
*' were compofed.'* The King faid, " Nicholas was
** an honeft Man, and that his Change was by his
** Defire -," and bade him fpeak with ^im of it 5
which He went prefently to do, leaving his Ma-
jefty unfatisfied with the Scruples He had made.

Wh e n He came to the Secretary's Lodging, He
found him with a cheerful Countenance, and em-
bracing him, called him his Son. Mr. Hyde an-
fwered him, that " it was not the Part of a good
^' Son to undo his Father, or to become his Son that
** He might undo him :" And fo They entered up.
on the Difcourfe j the one telling him what the King
had refolved, and how grateful the Rcfolution was
to him ; and the Other informing him of the Con-
ference He had then had with the King, and that for
his Sake as well as his own, He would not fubmit to
the King's Pleafure in it. And fo He debated the
whole Matter with him; and made it evident to
him, that He would be difappointed in any Expec-
tation He fhould entertain of Profit from the Wards,
as the State of Affairs then ftood : So that He fhould
relinquifh an honourable Employment, which He
was well acquainted with, for an empty Title with

which

142 7he L I F E of PartlL

Which He would have Nothing to do : And fo ad-
Vifed hini to confider well of it, and of all the Con-
fcquences of it, before He expofed himfelf to fuch
ah Inconvenience.

Whilst this was in Sulpenfe, Sir Charles Cafar^
wha with great Prejudice to the King, and more
Reproach to the Archbifhop of Canterbury^ Laud^
had been made Mafter of the Rolls, died : And Sir
John Colepepper had long had a Promife from the
King of that Place, when it fhould become void,
ahd^noW prefled the Performance of it : Which wai
violently cppofed by Many, partly out of ill Will to
him (for He had not the Faculty of getting himfelf
much loved) and as much out of good Hufbandry,
and to fupply the King's Neceflities with a good
Sum of Money, which Dr. Duck was ready to lay
down for the Office. And the King was h fer
wrought lipon, that He paid down three thoufand
Pounds in Part of what He was to give ; but his
Majefly caufed the Money to be repaid, and re-
fblved to make good his Promife to Sir John Cole-
pepper^ who would by no means releafe him. This
was no fooner declared, than the Lord Falkland
(who was much more felicitous to have Mr. I^d^
of the Council, than He was himfelf for the Ho-
nour) took an Opportunity to tell the King, that
He had now a good Opportunity to prefer Mr.
Hyde^ by makmg him Chancellor of the Exchequer,
in the Place of Sir John Colepepper-, which the King
laid. He had refolved to do, and bid him take no
Notice of it, until He had told him fo hinifelf.
But accefat And fliortly after fent for him, and faid, " that He
^o^(^«- " had now found an Office for him, which He
Excbefuer. " hopcd Hc would not refufe : That the Chancel- (73)
" lorfliip of the Exchequer was void by the Promo-
" tion o{ Colepepper \ and that He refolved to confer
" it upon him ;" with many gracious Expreffions of
the Satisfaction He had in his Service. The other

anfwered.

Part II. Edward Earl g;^ Clarendon. I43

anfwercd, ** that though it was an Office much
" above his Merit, yet He did not deipair of en-
** ablilig himfelf by Induftry to execute it, whick
« He would do with all Fidelity/'

A s foon as this was known, no Man was {o much
troubled at it as Sir John Colepepper^ who had in
Truth an Intention to have kept both Places, until
He (hould get into the quiet Pofleffion of the RoUsi
And thoi^h He profefled much Friendfhip to the
other, He had no Mind He fhould be upon the
fame Level with him ; and believed He would have
too much Credit in the Council. And fo delayed,
after his Patent for the Rolls was pafled, to furren^
def that of the Cbancellorfhip of the Exchequer,
until the Lord Falkland^ and the Lord Digby ex-
pofhilated very warmly with him upon it, and until
the King took Notice of it •, and then, leeming very
much troubled that any Body fhould dotibt the In-
tegrity of his Friendfhip to Mr. H^dej to whom H^
n^ade all the Profeflions imaginable. He fufrender-
ed his Office of Chancellor of the Exchequer: And
the next Day Mr. Hyde was fworn of the Privy- HeUfwom
Council, and Knighted, and had his Patents fealed '^f^
for that Office. And the King, after He rofe from K«igbud.
the Council^ and after many Exprfeflions of the
Content He took himfelf in the Obligation He had
laid upon him, with much Grace, that was not na-
tural in him upon fuch Occafions, told him, that
*' He was very fortunate, becaute He verily believed
** no Body was" angry at his Preferment ; for befides
" that the Earl of Dorfet and others, who He knew
" loved him, had exprefftd much Satisfaction in the '
•* King's Purpofe; He faid^ the Lord Maltrevers^
" and the LoSrd Dun/more, who He 'did not think
** had* any Acquaintance with him, leemed very
•* much pleafed with him; and therefore He thought
•* no Body would envy him ; which was a rare Feli-
•* city." But his Majefty was therein miftaken ; for

He

144^ The L IPE of PartH.

He had great Enviers, of many who thought He had
run too faft ; efpecially of thofe of his own Profef-
fion, who looked upon themfelves as his Superiours
in all Refpefls, and did not think that; his Age
(which was not then above thirty three) or his other
Parts, did entitle him to fuch a Preference before
them. And the News of it at Wejiminfterj exceed-
. ingly offended Thofe who governed in the Parlia-
ment; to fee the Man whom They moft hated, and
whom They had voted to be incapable of Pardon,
to be now preferred to an Office the Chief of them
looked for. Befides, there was another unufual Cir-
cumftance accompanied his Preferment, that it was
without the Interpofition or Privity of the Queen,
which was not like to make it the more eafy, and
advantageous ; and it was not the more unwelcome
to him from that Circumftance.

Notwithstanding all the Difcourfe of, and In-
clination to a Treaty, the Armies were not quiet on
cither Side. The King's Quarters were enlarged
by the taking of Mdr&orot^ in IViltJhire^ and of
Cirencefter in Glocejierjhire \ which though untenable
by their Situation and weak Fortifications, were
garrifoned by the Parliament with great Numbers
of Men, who were all killed, or taken Prifoners*
And the Parliament Forces were not without Sue-
cefs too ; and after the Lofs of Marlborough^ fur- .
prifed the Regiment of Horfe, that was command-
ed by the Lord GranJifon^ a gallant Gentleman,
who if not betrayed, was unhappily invited to Win-
cbeJleTy with Promife of Forces ready to defend the
Place 5 which being in no Degree performed. He (74)
was the next Day after He came, enclofed in the
Caftle of Winchefier^ and compelled to become, all,
Officers and Soldiers, Prifoners of War : Though
He and fome other of the principal Officers, by the
Negligence or Corruption of their Guard, made

their

Part 11. Edward Earl ^Clarendon.; 145

their Efcajoe in the Night, and returned to Ox*
ford.

This was the State of the Kingdom, of the
King, and of the Parliament, in the Beginning of
the Year 1643, ^^ ^^^ Time when Mr. Hyde was
made of the f rivy Council, and Chancellor of the
Exchequer: Which was between the Return of the
Commiflioners, who had been fent to the King to
premie a Treaty, and the coming of thofe Com-
miflioners to Oxfordj who were afterwards fent from
the Parliament to treat with the King •, which be-
ing about the End of the Year 1642, this Part fhall
be clofed here.

PezenaSy the 24th
ofjufyy 1669.

Vq1.L K The

( HT )

The LIFE of

E D w A R i> Earl of C l a r e n d o n

From his Birth to the Rcfloration of the
Royal Family in the Year i66p,

PART the THIRD.

)TrT was about the Beginning of March (which
I by that Account was about the End of the Year
J- 1642, and about the Beginning of the Year
1643) that the Commiflioncrs of the Parliament
came to Oxford^ to treat with his Majefty j and were
icceived gracioufly by him ; and by his Order lodg-
ed conveniently, and well accommodated in all Re«
%eds.

The Parliament had bound up their Commif-
fioners to the flxi6tefl: Lictter of their Propolitions ;
aor did their Inftruftions at this Time (which Thejr
prefented to the King) admit the leaft Latitude tjo
them to interpret a Word or Expreffion, that adk
mitted a doubtful Interpretation. Infomuch as the
King told them, "that He was forry that They ha4
" no HKirc Truft repolcd in them \ and that the
^ Parliament might 4s well have fei^ their Demands
** to him by the common Carrier, as by Conunif-
** fioners fo reftraincd/' They bad only twenty
Days allowed them to finifli the whole Treaty;
vhereof They migbl employ fix P#y9' ^^ufting

K 2 aCcffa-

148 rbe LIFE of Part III.

a Ceffation, if They found it probable to efFedl it
in that Time : Otherwifc They were to decline the
Ceflation, and enter upon the Conditions of the
Peace •, which if not concluded before the End of
the twenty Days, They were to give it over, and
to return to the Parliament,

These Propofitions and Reftriftions much aba-
ted the Hopes of a good Ifluc of the Treaty. Yet
every Body believed, and the Commiflioncrs them-
felv6s did not doubt, that if fuch a Progrefs fhouM
be made in. the Treaty, that a Peace was like to
enfue, there would be no Difficulty in the Enlarge-
ment of the Time : And therefore the Articles for a
Ceffation were the fooner declined, that They might
proceed in the main Bufinefs. For though what
was propofed by them in Order to it, was agreeable
enough to the Nature of fuch an Affair ; yet the
Time allowed for it was fo (hort, that it was impof-
fible to make it prafticable ; nor could Notice be
timely given to all the 'Quarters on either Side to
obferve it.

Besides that, there were many Particulars in it,
which the Officers on the King's Side (who had no
Mind to a Ceflation) formalized much upon : And
(I know not from what unhappy Root, but) there (79
was iprung up a wonderful Averfion in the Town
againft a Ceflation. Infomuch as many Perfons of
Quality of feveral Counties, whereof the Town was
fbll, applied themfelves in a Body to the King, not
to confent to a Ceflation, till a Peace might be con-
cluded 5 alleging, that They had feireral Agita-
tions in their Countries, for his Majefty's and their
own Conveniencies, which would be interrupted by
the CeflTation •, and if a Peace Ihould not afterwaixis
enfue, would be very mifchievous. Which Suggcf-
tion, if it had been well weighed, would not have
been found to be of Importance, But the Truth
% the King hitnfelf had no Mind to the Cefiadon,

for

Part III. Edward -E^r/ ^Clarendon. 149

for a Reafon which fhall be mentioned anon, though
it was never owned : And fo They waved all farther
Mention of the Ceflation, and betook themfelves
to the Treaty •, it being reafonable enough to be-
lieve, that if both Sides were heartily difpofed to
it, a Peace might as foon have been agreed upon,
as a Ceflation could be. All the Tranfadkions
of that Treaty having been long lince publiflied,
and being fit only to be digefted into the Hiftory
of that Time, are to be omitted here. Only what
paiTed in Secret, and was never communicated, nor rbeSecm
can otherwife be known, fince at this Time, no J^^j^'^
Man elfe is living who was privy to that Negocia- of Oxford.
lion, but the Chancellor of the Exchequer, will
have a proper Place in this Difcourfe.

The Propofitions brought by the Commiflioners
in the Treaty were fo unreafonable, that They well
knew that the King would never confent to them :
But fome Peribns amongft them, who were known
to wifli well to the King, endeavoured underhand to
bring it to pafs. And They did therefore, whilfl:
They publickly purfued their Inftrudions, and de-
livered and received Papers upon their Propofi-
tions, privately ufe all the Means They could, efpe-
cially in Conferences with the Lord Falkland and
the Chancellor of the Exchequer, that the King
might be prevailed with, in fome Degree to com*-
ply with their unreafonable Demands.

In all Matters which related to the Church, They
did not only defpair of the King's Concurrence, but
did not in their own Judgments wiih it ; and be-
lieved, that the Strength of the Party which defired
the Continuance of th^ War, was made up of thofe,
who were very indifferent in that Point •, and that,
if They might return with Satisfaftion in other Par-
ticulars, They fliould have Power enough in the
two Houfes, to oblige the more violent People to
^cept, or fubmit to the Conditions. They wifhed

K 3 there:

J50 rbe L IF E (f , PtotUr.

diereforc that the King would make fome Conde-
fcenfions in the Point of the Militia ; which They
looked upon as the only fubftantial Security They
could have, not to be called in Queftion for what
They had done amifs. And when They faw" No-
thing could be digefted of that Kind, which w©uW
not refleft both upon the King's Authority, and his
Honour, They gave over infifting upon the Gene-
iiA'.Piene- ral : And then Mr. Pierrepoint (who was of the beft
ff^f"" Parts, and moft intimate with the Earl of Northum-
berland) rather defired than propofed, that the King
would offer to grant his Commiflion to the Earl of
Northumberland^ to be Lord High Admiral of Eng-
land, By which Condefcenfion He would be refto-
red to his Office, which He had loft for their Sdces \
and fo their Honour would be likewife repaired^
without any fignal Prejudice to the King ; fince He
fliould hold it only by his Majefty's Commiflion,
and not by any Ordinance of Parliament ; and He
faid, if the King would be induced to gratify them
in this Particular, He could not be confident, that
They (hould be able to prevail with both Houfes to
be fatisfied therewith, fo that a Peace might fud-
tdenly be concluded ; but as He did not defpair even
of that. He did believe, that fo many would be fa- (77)
tisfied with it, that They would from thence take
the Occafion to feparate themfelves from them, as
Men who would rather deftroy their Country, than
reftore it to Peace.

And the Earl of Northumberland himfelf took fo
much Notice of this Difcourfe to Secretary Nicholas
(with whom He had as much Freedom, as his re-
ferved Nature was capable of) as to proteft to him,
that He defired only to receive that Honour and
Truft from the King, that He might be able to do
him Service ; and thereby to recover the Credit He
had unhappily loft with him. In which He ufed
yery decent Exprcljioiis towards his M^gefty ; not

without

Part in. Edward Earl of Clarendon, 151

without fuch Reflcftions upon his own Behaviour^
as implied that He was not proiid of it ; and con-
cluded, that if his Majefty would do him that Ho-
Bour, as to make that OiFer to the Houfcs, upon
the Propofition of the Militia, He would do all He
could that it might be efFediual towards a Peace j
and if it had not Succefs, He would pafs his Word
and Honour to the King, that as foon, or whenfo*
ever his Majefty would pleafe to require it. He
would deliver up his Commiflion again into his
Hands ; He having no other Ambition, or Defirc,
than bv this Means to re-deliver up the Royal Navy
to his Majefty*s as abfolute Difpofal, as it was, when
his Majefty firft put it into his Hands ; and which
He doubted would hardly be done by any other Ex-
pedient, at leaft not fo foon.

When this Propofition (which from the Interefli
auid Perlbns who propofed it, feemed to carry with
it fome Probability of Succefs, if it fhould be ac-
cepted) was communicated with thofc who were like
with moft Secrecy to confult it ; Secretary Nicholas
having already made fome Approach towards tht
King upon the Subjedt, ^nd found his Majefty with-
out Inclination to hear more of it ; it was agreed
and refolved by them, that the Chancellor of the
Exchequer ftiould prefume to make the Propofition
plainly to the King, and to perfuade his Majefty tQ
hear it debated in his Prclence ; at leaft, if that
might not be, to enlarge upon it himfelf, as much
.as the Argument required : And He was not ua*
wiUing to embark himfelf in the Affair.

When He found a fit Opportunity for the Re- m^a>e
prefentation, and his Majeffy at good Leifure, in St'^SlX
nis Morning's Walk, when He was always mQ&ad^ar
selling to be entertained^ the Chancellor related iti^OilJUbT^
genuoufly to him the whole Difcourfe, which had
been made by Mr. Pinrrepointy an!d to whom;
jaod what the Ear} JiiiiQielf had faid to Secretary NU

K 4 i^bolvi

152 The L 1 F E of Partlll.

cbolas ; and what Conference They, to whom his
Majefty gave Leave to confult together upon his
Affairs, had between themfelves upon the Argu-
ment, and what occurred to them upon it : In which
He mentioned the EarPs Demerit towards his Ma-
jefty with Severity enough, and what Reafon He
had not to be willing to reft:ore a Man to his Fa-
vour, who had forfeited it fo unworthily.. Yet He
defired him to confider his own ill Condition ; and
how unlike it was, that it fhould be improved by
' the Continuance of the War; and whether He could'
ever imagine a Poflibility of getting out of it upon
more eafy Conditions, than what was now propo-
fed ; the Offer of which to the Parliament could do
him no fignal Prejudice, and could not but bring
him very notable Advantages : For if the Peace did
not enfue upon it, fuch a Rupture infallibly wbuld,
as might in a little Time facilitate the other. And
then He faid as much to leffen the Malignity of the
Earl as He could, by remembring, how dutifully
He had refigned his Commiflion of Admiral, upon
his Majefly's Demand ; and his Refufal to accept the
Commiflion the Parliament would have given him :
And obferved fome Vices in his Nature, which would
ftand in the Place of Virtues, towards the Support (7^
of his Fidelity to his Majefty, and his Animofity
againft the Parliament ; if He were once re-ingra-
tiated to his Majefty^s Truft.

The King heard him very quietly without the
leaft Interruption, which He ufed not to do upon
Subjedts which were not grateful to him, for He
knew well, that He was not fwayed by any Affec-
tion to the Man \ to whom He was more a Stranger,
than He was to moft of that Condition : And He
uf)on Occafions, had often made Iharp Refledtions
upon his Ingratitude to the King. His Majefty
feemed at the firft to infift upon the Improbability,
th^t ^hy fuch Conceifion bjr him would be attend-
ed

PartllL Edward E^r/^/'CLARENDON. 153

cd with any Succefs •, that not only the Earl had not
Intereft in the Houfes to lead them into a Refolu-
tion, that was only for his particular Benefit ; but
that the Parliament itfelf was not able to make a
Peace, without fuch Conditions, as the Army would
require:. And then He fhould fufFer exceedingly in
his Honour, for having (hewn an Inclination to a
Perfon, who had requited his former Graces fo un-
worthily : And this led him into more Warmth,
than He ufed to be aflPefted with. He faid, " in- '^^^
" deed He had been very unfortunate in conferring ^'
'* his Favours upon many very ungrateful Perfons ;
" but no Man was fo inexcufable as the Earl of
" Northumberland'^ He faid, « He knew that the
*' Earl of Holland was generally looked upon as the
'* Man of the greateft Ingratitude ; but (He faid)
^* He could better excufe Him than the other: That
"it was true. He owed all He had to his Father's,
" and his Bounties ; and that himfelf had conferred
" great Favours upon him •, but*that it was as true,
" He had frequently given him many Mortifica-
" tions, which though He had deferved, He knew
" had troubled him very much ; that He had often-
" er denied him, than any other Man of his Condi-
" tion ; and that He had but lately refufed to gra-
** tify him in a Suit He had made to him, of which
** He had been very confident ; and fo might have
"fomci Excufe (how ill foever) for being out of
" Humour, which led him from one 111 to another :
" But that He had lived always without Intermif-
" fion with the Earl of Northumberland as his Friend,
" and courted him as his Miftrefs ; that He had
" never denied any Thing He had eyer aflced, and
" therefore his Carriage to him was never to be for-
" gotten/' '

And this Difcourfe'He continued with more
Commotion, and in a more pathetical Style, than
*vcr He wfcd upon any other Argument. And

though

154 The L I F E of Partlll.

though at that Time it was not fit to prefs the Mat-
ter farther, it was afterwards refumed by the fame
Perfon more than once •, but without any other Ef;
feft, than that his Majefty was contented, that the
Earl fhould not dcfpair of being reftored to that Of-
fice, when the Peace ftiould be made ; or upon any
eminent Service performed by him, when the Peace
(hould be defpaired of. The King was very willing
and defirous that the Treaty fhould be drawn out
in Length ; to which Purpofc a Propofitipn was
made to the CommifTioners for an Addition of Ten
Days, which They fent to the Parliament, without
the leaft Apprehenfion that it would be denied.
But They were deceived ;- and for Anfwer received
an Order upon the lafl Day but one of the Time
before limited, by which They were exprefly requi-
red to leave Oxford the next Day. From, that
Time, all Intercourfe and Commerce between 0^-
ford and London^ which had been permitted before,
was abfolutely interdidted under the higheft Penal-
ties by the Parliament.

If this fecret underhand Propofition had fuccecd-
cd, and received that Encouragement from the
King, that was defired; and more Application of
the fame Remedies had been then made to other (79)
Peribns (for alone it could never have proved ef-
fectual ) it is probable that thofe violent and abo-
minable Counfels, which were but then in Projec-
tion between very few Men of any Intereft, and
which were afterwards miferably put in Pradice,
had been prevented. And it was exceedingly won-
dered at, by thofe who were then privy to this
Overture, and by all wKo afterwards came to hear
of it, that the King fhould in that Conjunfturc de-
cline fo advantageous a Propofition ; fince He did
already difcern many ill Humours and Faftions,
growing and nourifhed, both in his Court and Ar-
my, which would every Day be uncafy to him ; and

di4

Part III. Edward Earl g/^ Clarendon. 15 j

did with all his Soul defire an End of the War.
And there was Nothing more fuitable and agree-
able to his magnanimous Nature, than to forgive
thofe who had in the higheft Degree offended him:
Which Temper was notorious throughout his whote
Life, It will not be therefore amifs in this Dif-
courfe, to enlarge upon this fatal Rejedtion, and
the true Caufe and Ground thereof*

The King's Affedion to the Queen was of a very rbe true
extraordinary Alloy ; a Compofidon of Confcience, Ki'^ff^-
and Love, and Generofity, and Gratitude, and all '-s:*'.
thofe noble Affedions, which raife the Paffion to
the greateft Height ; infomuch as He faw with her
Eyes ; and determined by her Judgment. And did
not only pay her this Adoration, but defired that
all Men fhould know that He was fwayed by her 5
which was not good for either of them. The
Queen was a Lady of great Beauty, excellent Wit
and Humour, and made him a juft Return of no-
bleft Aflfeftions ; fo that They were the true Idea
of conjugal AfFe6lion, in the Age in which They
lived. When She was admitted to the Knowledge
and Participation of the moft fecret Affairs (from
which She had been carefully reftrained by the Duke
of Buckingham^ whilft He lived) She took Delight
in the examining and difcuffing them, and from
thence in making Judgment of them j in which,
her PafSons were always ftrong.

She had felt fo much Pain in knowing Nothing,
and meddling with Nothing, during the Time of that
great Favourite, that now She took Pleafure in No-
thing but knowing all Things, and difpofing all
Things : And thought it but juft, that She fhould
dilpofe of all Favours and Preferments, as He had
done ; at leaft, that Nothing of that Kind might be
done, without her Privity : Not confidering, that the
univerfal Prejudice that great Man had undergone,
yras not with Reference to his Perfon, but his Pow-

crj

156 rioe LIFE of Part III.

cr; and that the fame Power would be equally ob-
noxious to Murmur and Complaint, if it refided in
any other Perfon, than the King himfelf. And She
{o far concurred with the King's Inclination, that
She did not more defire to be pofleffed of this unli-
mited Power, than that all the World Ihould take
Notice, that She was the entire Miftrefs of it:.
Which in Truth (what other unhappy Circumftan-
ces foever concurred in the Mifchief ) was the Foun-
dation upon which, the firft, and the utmoft Preju-
dices to the King and his Government, were rai-
fed, and profecuted. And it was her Majefty's, and
the Kingdom's Misfortune, that She had not any
Perfon about her who had either Ability, or Af-
feftion, to inform and advife her, of the Temper of
the Kingdom, or Humour of the People ; or who
thought either worth the caring for.

Wh e n the Difturbances grew fo rude, as to in-
terrupt this Harmony -, and the Queen's Fears, and
Indifpofition, which proceeded from thofe Fears,
difpofed her to leave the Kingdom, which the King
to comply with her, confented to (and if that Fear
had not been predominant in her, her Jealouly, and
Apprehenfion that the King would, at fome Time,
be prevailed with to yield to fome unreafonableCon-(8o)
ditions, would have diffuadcd her from that Voyage);
to make all Things therefore as fure as might be,
that her Abfence Ihould not be attended with any
fuch Inconvenience, his Majefty made a folemn Pro-
mife to her at parting, that He would receive no
Peribn into any Favour or Truft, who had difler-
ved him, without her Privity and Confent; and
that, as She had undergone fo many Reproaches
and Calumnies at the Entrance into the War, fo
He would never make any Peace, but by her In-
terpofition and Mediation, that the Kingdom might
receive that Bleffing only from her.

This

Part III. Edward Earl ^Clarendon, i 57

This Promife (of which his Majefly was too re-
ligious an Obferver) was the Caufe of his Majefty's
Rejedtion, or not entertaining this laft Overture.
And this was the Reafon that He had that Averfion
to the Ceffation, which He thought would inevita-
bly oblige him to confent to the Peace, as it fhould
be propofed ; and therefore He had countenanced
an Addrefs, that had been made to him againft it,
by the Gentlemen of feveral Counties attending the
Court : And in Truth They were put upon that Ad-
drefs by the King's own private Direftion. Upon
which the Chancellor of the Exchequer told him,
when the Bufinefs was over, that He had raifed a
Spirit He would not be able to conjure down : And
that thofe Petitioners had now appeared in a Bu- ,
fmels that pleafed him, but would be as ready to
appear at another Time, to crofs what He defired ;
which proved True. For He was afterwards more
troubled with Application and Importunity of that
Kind, and the Murmurs that arofe from that Li-
berty, when all Men would be Counfellors, and
cenfure all that the Council did, than with the
Power of the Enemy.

About the Time that the Treaty began, the
Queen landed in the North : And She refolved with
a good Quantity of Ammunition and Arms, to
make what Hafte She could to the King ; having
at her firft landing, exprefled by a Letter to his
Majefty, her Apprehenfion of an ill Peace by that
Treaty ; and declared, that She would never live in
England^ if She might not have a Guard for the Se-
curity of her Perfon : Which Letter came accident-,
ally afterwards into the Hands of the Parliament,
of which They made Ufe to the Queen^s Difadvan-
tage. And the Expeftation of her Majefty 's Arrival
at Oxford J was the Reafon that the King fo much
defired the Prolongation of the Treaty. And if it
had pleafed God that She had come thither Time

enough.

158 rbe L I F E of PartllL

enough, as She did Ihortly aifter, She would have
probably cohdefcended to many Propofiuons for the
gratifying particular Perfons, as appeared afterwards,
if thereby a reafonable Peace might have been ob-
tained.

When the Scottjh Commiffioners attended the
King at Oxford^ and defired his Leave, that there
might be a Parliament called in Scotland^ which his
Majefty denied them (well knowing, that They
would, againft all the Proteftations and Oaths They
had made to him, at his being in that Country,
^^^^^^^ join with thofc at JVeftminfter) They prefented \
fnfi£t^t^ long Paper to the King, containing a bitter Invec-
r'Vbf ^^^^ againft Bifliops, and the whole Government of
tb^MiUott the Church -, as being contrary to the Word of God,
•fj^f^fio' and to the Advancement of true Religion : And con-
^^ / eluded with a very paffionate Defire for the Altera-
tion of that Government, as the only Means to fet-
tle Peace throughout his Majefty's Dominions. In
all their other Demands, concerning the Kingdom
of Scotland^ and calling a Parliament there, the King
had only conferred' with two or three of thofe He
moft trufted, whereof the Chancellor of the Exche-
quer was always one, and drew the Anlwers He
gave : But this laft Paper which only concerned
England^ He brought to the Council Board, andv«»)
required their Advice, what Anfwer He fhould give
to it. The King himfelf was very defirous to take
this Occafion, to fhew his Affection and Zeal for
the Church ; and that other Men's Mouths might
be hereafter ftopped in that Argument, and that
no Body might ever make the fame Propofition to
him again. He had a great Mind to have made an
Anfwer to every Expreflion in their Paper 5 and to
have fet out the Divine Right of Epifcopacy ; and
how impoflible it was ever for him in Confcience to
confent to any Thing, to the Prejudice of that Or-
der and Function, or to the alienating their Lands:

Enlarging

Part in. Edward E^r/g/'CLARENDON. 159

Enlar^ng himfclf more in the Debate, than He
ufed to ob upon any other Argument ; mentioning
thofe Reafons which the ableft Prelate could do up-
on that Occafion ; and wifhed that all thofe, and
fuch others as might occur, Ihould be contained in
his Anfwer.

Many of the Lords were of Opinion, that a fhort
AnfvrcT would be beft, that fhould contain Nothing
but a Rejeftion of the Propolition, without giving
any Reafon : No Man fceming to concur with his
Majefty ; with which He was not fatisficd, and re-

flied with fome Sharpnefs upon what had been faid.
Jpon which the Lord Falkland replied, having been
before of that Mind, defiring that no Reafons might
be given ; and upon that Occafion anfwered many
of thofe Reafons the King had urged, as not valid
to fupport the Subjeft, with a little Quicknefs of
Wit (as his Notions were always (harp, and expreff-
ed with notable Vivacity) which made the King
warmer than He ufed to be ; reproaching all who
were of that Mind, with Want of AfFeftion for the
Church; and declaring that He would have the
Subftance of what He had faid, or of the like Na-
ture, digefted into his Anfwer -, with which Repre-
henfion All fat very filent, having never undereone
the like beipre. Whereupon the King recoUefting ntiSfig
himfelf, and obferving that the Chancellor of the ^^^^
Exchequer had not yet fpoke, called upon him to tteExcU^
deliver his Opinion, adding, that He was fure He S^^^*^
wa$ of his Majcfly^s Mind, with Reference to Rcli- T.*"^
gion and the Church.

The Chancellor ftood up, and faid, that He
would have been gjad to have faid Nothing that
Day, having obferved more Warmth than had ever
been at that Board, fiince He had the Honour to fit
there (which was not many Days before ) ; that in
Truth He was not of the Opinion of any one who
had ipokcq^ He did not think that th^ Anfwer

ought

i6o "The LIFE of Part III.

ought to be very fliort, or without any Reafons ;
and He did as little think, that the Reafons men-
tioned by his Majefty, ought to be applied to the
Paper, which the Scots had been fo bold as to pre-
fent to the King. He faid, all thofe Reafons were
fit to be offered in a Synod, or in any other Place,
where that Subjed could be lawfully ventilated;
and He believed them all to be of that Weight,
that Mr. Henderfon and all his Aflembly of Divines
could never anfwer ; but He fliould be very forry
that his Majefty fliould fo far condefcend to their
Prefumption, as to give thofe Reafons ; as if He
admitted the Matter to be difputed. He afked his
Majefty, what Anfwer He would give to the King
of France^ if He fliould fend to him, to alter the
Government of the City of London^ or any other
City, and that He would fubftitute other Magiflrates
in the Place of thofe, who are ; which, as a King,
He might more reafoqably demand, than thefe Gen^
tlemen of Scotland could do what They propofe j
whether his Majefty would think it more agreeable
to his Honour, to make a reafonable Difcourfe of
the Antiquity of the Lord Mayor oi London^ and of
the Dependance the prefent Magiftrates had upon
the Law, and the Frame of the Government ; or
whether. He would only fend him Word, that He {81)
fhould meddle with what He had to do. He did
think, that it was very fit that his Majefty*s Anfwer
to this Paper fliould contain a very fevere, and fliarp
Reprehenfion for their Prefumption ; and take No-
tice, how folicitous They were for die Prefervation
of what They called the Right and Privilege of
their Country, that his Majefty might not bring
any Thing into Debate at his Council Board here,
that concerned the Kingdom of Scotland^ though it
had often too much Relation to the Affairs and Go-
vernment of England \ yet that They would take
upon them to demand from his Majefty, at leaft to

advifc

Part III, Edward Earl 5/^ Clarendon. 161

advife him to make, an Alteration in the Govern-
ment of England^ which would quite alter the Fr^me
of it, and make fuch a Confufion in the Laws ;
which They could no more comprehend, than They
could any of the fame Kind, that related to any
other foreign Kingdom ; and therefore, that for the
Future They fhould not praftife the like Prefum- .
ption.

The King difcovered himfelf to be very well ^^^^ff
pleafed, all the Time He was Ipcaking ; and when ^weUjJhfad.
He had dpne, his Majefty faid again. He was fure
theXhancellor was entirely of his Mind, with Re-
ference to the Church; and that He had fatisfied
him, that this was not the Seafon, nor the Occa-
fion, in which thofe Arguments, which He had
nfed, were to be infifted on ; and that He was will-
ing to depart from his own Senfe ; and was in Truth
fo well pleafed, that He vouchlkfed to make fome
kind of Excufe for the Paflion He had fpoken with ;
and all the Lords were very well fatisfied with the
Expedient propofed ; and all commended the Chan-
cellor: And the Anfwer was given to the Scotijb
Cotrimiffipners accordingly : Who had too good In-
telligence not to know all that had pafled; and
upon their long Difcourfes with the King (who was
ahvays forward to enlarge upon that Subjeft, in
which He was fo well vened) expefted fuch an An-
fwer as might give them Opportunity to bring the
whole Matter of Epifcopacy upon the Stage, and
into publick Difputation. And fo They returned to
London^ with manifeft Diflatisfaftion, before the
Commiffioners of the Parliament -, and with avow-
ed Deteftation of a Perfon, againft whom They were
known always to have an inveterate, and an impla-
cable Difpleafure.

The King was much troubled at the Difunion be^
iween the Princes Rupert, and Maurice, and the Mar^
quis of Hertford, after the taking of Briftol ; which

V0J.I. L He

l62 the LIFE of Paff HI.

He knew muft exceedingly diforder and divide that
Army : For compofing whereof, his Majefty fefol-
ved the next Day after the News, to go himftlf to
Brijiol'y which was very necefiary in many liefpefts.
The Settlement of the Port, which was of infinite
Impbrtance to the King in Point of Trade, stnd his
Cuftoms, with Reference to Ireland ^ ^fid the ap-.
plying the Army to fome new Enterprize, with-
out Lofs of Time, could not be done without his
Majefty*s Prefence. But there was Nothing more
difpofed his Majefty ttf that Refolution, thdh to be
ablent from his Council at Oxford^ when Hd fhoiild
fettle the Differences between the Prince^i, and the
Marquis ; for as He was always fwayed by his Af-
feftion to his Nephews, which He did ndt think
Partiality ; io the Lords, towards whom the Princes
did not live with any Condefcenfion, wiere Veiy fb-
licitous, that the Marquis might receive no Ihjuf-
tice, or Difobligation. And the King, to avoidf all
CoUnfel in this Particular, refblved to decllre no
Refolution, till He fhould come himfelf to Briftol\
and fo went from Oxford thither ; taking With him,
of the Council, the Duke of Ricbtnonal the Lord
Falklandy the Mafter of the Rolls, and the Chan-
cellor of the Exchequer: The King tpdgirie the (83)
firft Night at Malmjhury ; and the Lord FMdimiy
the Mafter of the Rolls, and fome other Gentlemen
lodging that Night with the Chancellor of the Ex-
chequer, at his Houfe at Tirton^ which lay in the
Way to Brifiol\ where They were the next Day
within an Hour after the King.
"ThtOrnKtU The Chancellor of the Exchequer had undergone
^^'* 0/- fome Mortification, during the fhort Abode ztErif-
-^'JT^ /b/, which was the only Port of Trade within the
^irahin. ' King's Quarters, which was like to yield a confi-
derabie Benefit to the King, if it were well nlana*
^ed ; and the Direftion thereof belonged entirely to
his Office J but when He fcht to the Officers of th?

Cuftoms,

Part III. Edward Earl ^Clarendon. i^j

Cuftoms, to be informed of the prefent State of
Trade, He found that fome Treaty was made, and
Order given in it by Mr. Afhhurfi>am^ a Groom of
the Bedcamber \ who, with the Afliftance and Adr
vice of Sir John Colepepper^ had prevailed with the
King, to affign that Province to him, as a Means
to raife a prefent Sum of Money for the Supply of
the Army : Which the Chancellor took very heavi-^
ly, and the Lord Falkland out of his Friendlhip to
lum, more tenderly *, and expoftulatcd it with the
King with fome Warmth •, and more paflionately,
with Sir John Colep^er and Mr. j^hhmham as a
Violation of the Friendfliip They profefled to th^
Chancellor, and an Invafion of his Office j which
po Man bears eafily.

They were bodi afhamed of it, and made fomo
weak Excuies of Incogitance and Inadvertence;
and the King himfelf, who difcerned the Milchief
that would enfue, if there ihpuld be an apparent
Sdiifm amongft thofe He fo entirely trufted» was
pleafed to take Notice of it to die Chancellor, with ^^Jpngit^
Hiany gracious Expreffions ; and faid, " that Mr. ^^f*-'" *^'*'
*' y^dmmbam being Treafurer and Paymafter of the
" Army, He did believe fome Money might have
" been raifed for the prefent Occafion j and only in-
** tended it for the prefent, without confiderine jt
^ would be an Invafion of his Right ; and therdtorc
** direfted, that an Account fliould be given to him
^ of aU that had been done, and He ihould do as
^ He thought fit." But when He underftood att
that had been doi>e. He would make no Alteratiotir
ki it, that hi$ Majefty might be convinced, diat his
Service was not looked after in that Defign. And it
was diicernable enough, that Mr. Afhburnham^ who
uftially looked very far before him, had not ib much
intended to difoblige the Chancellor, as by introdu-
cing himfelf this Way into the Cuftoms, to conti-
nue one of tl)e Farmers x)f the Cufbms, when this

L2 War

i64 rbe L I F E 4>f PartllL

War ftiould be at Jtn find •, of which He got a Pro*
mife from the King at the fame Time ; who had
jgreat AfFedion for him, and an extraordinary Opi-
nion of his Managery. If there remained after this
:any Jealoufy or Coldnefs between the Chancellor of
the Exchequer and the other Two, as the Difpa-
rity between their' Natures and Humours made
fome believe there did, it never brake out or ap-
peared, to the Difturbance, or Prejudice of the
King's Service ; but all poffible Concurrence in the
carrying it on was obfervcd between them.

TiTE March of the Earl ofEffexftom Lotubn to
GhcefteTj over as large a Campania as any in £»^-
JanJ^ when the King had an Army of above eight
thoufand Horfe, reputed viftorious, without being
put to ftrike one Stroke — the Circumftances of that
Sieges and the raifing it — the Earl's March, after
He had performed that great Work ^ and when the
King's Army watched only to engage him in a Bat-
tle ; and paffing over a large and open Campania,
three Days berore the King had Notice that He
. was come out of Glocejler — the overtaking the Ar-
my i and the Battle by Newbury -^ and his Retreat
afterwards to London ; contained fo many particular
Adions of Courage and Conduct, that They all (84)
deferve a very punftual and juft Relation 5 and are
much above the Level of this plain and foreign
Difcourfe.

I N this Battle oi Newbury ^ the Chancellor of the
Exchequer loft the Joy and Comfort of his Life ;
which He lamented fo paflionately, that He could
not in many Days compofe himfelf to any Thoughts
of Bufmefs. His dear Friend the Lord FalkbmJ^
^'^^ eT hurried by his Fate, in the Mornbg of the Battle,
Falkland. ^ He was naturally inquifitive after Danger, put,
himfelf into the Head of Sir John Byron^sKtgiment^
which He believed was like to be in the hotteft Ser-
vice, and was then appointed to charge a Body of

Foot J

Part m. Edward Earl g^ Clarendon. t6jj

Foot ; and in that Charge was fhot with a Miriket
BuUet, fo that He fell dead from his Horfe, The
feme Day that the News came to Oxford of his.
Death, which was the next after He was killed, the
Chancellor received a Letter from him, written at
the Time when the Army rofe from Glocefter j but
the Meflenger had been employed in other Service,
fo that He came not to Oxford till that Day. The
I^etter was an Anfwer to. one the Chanc^Ior had;
then fent to him ; in which He had told him, how
much He fufFered in his Reputation with all dilcreet
Men, by engaging himfclf unneceflarily in all Pla-
ces of Danger : And that it was not the Office of a
Privy Counfellor, and a Secretary of State, to vifit
the Trenches, as He ufually did ; and conjured him,-
out of the Confcience of his Duty to the King, aod
130 free his Friends from thofe continual uneafy Ap-
prehenfions, not to engage his Perfon to thofe Dan-
gers, which were not incumbent to him. His An-
fwer was, that the Trenches were now at an 5n4 y
there would be no more Danger there : Tljfit His
Cafe was different from other Men's ; that He was
i^ much taken Notice of for an impatient Defire of
Peace, that it was neceffary that H? flipuld likewifo
make it appear, that it was not out of Fear of the
ijtmoft Hazard of War : He f^d ipme melancho-
lick Things of the Time ; and concluded, that in-
few Days They fhould come to a Battle, the Jffue.
whereof. He hoped, would put an End to the Mi*,
fery of the Kingdom..

Much hath beei> f^d of this excellent Perfon
before $ but not fo much, or fo well» as his won-
derful Parts ^d Virtues defervecj. He died. as?
much of the Time as of the Bullet : For from the
very beginning of the War, He contraded fo deep:
a Sadnefs and Melancholy, that his Life was not
pledant to him ; and fure He was too weary of it.
Tho^ who did np}: know him very well, imputed^

L 3 verjr

l66 nt LIFE of Paitm.

very unjuftly, much of it to a violent Paflion He
had for a Noble Lady : And it was the niore Ipokcn
6f, becaufe She died the fame Day, and as fomc
computed it, in the fame Hour that He was kill-
id ; but They who knew either the Lord or the
Lady, knew well, that neither of them was capable
of an ill Imagination. She was of the moft unlpot-
ted, unblemilhed Virtue, never married, of an ex-
traordinary Talent of Mind, but of no alluring
Beauty, nor of a Conftjtution irf" tolerable Health,
being in a deep Confumption, and not like to have
Kved fo long by many Months. It is very tnie, the
Lord Falkland had an extraordinary Efteem of her,
and exceedingly loved her Converiation, as moft of
the Perfons ctf emment Parts of that Time dkl ; for
She was in her Underftanding, and Difcretion, and
Wit, and Modefty, above nioft Women j the beft
of which had always a Friendfhip with her. But
He was withal fo kind to his Wife, whom. He
knew to be an excellent Perfon, that, diough He
k)vcd his Children with more AfFedion and Fond-
nels than moft Fathers ufe to do. He left by his
Will all He had to his Wife; and committed his (85)
three Sons, who were all the Children He had, to
her fole Care and Bounty.

H s was littfe more than thirty Years of Age
when He was killed ; in which Time He was very
^complifhed in all thofe Parts of Learning and
Knowledge, which moft Men labour to attain, till
They are very Old ; and in WilSom., and the Free*
tice of Virtue, to a wonderful Perfedion. l^rem
his Age of twenty Teiars, He had lived in .an en-
tSi^ ^Priendfliip with the Chancellor, who was about
ft: Months elder ; and who hever ^^ake of hiih af-
terwards, but with a Love, and a Grief, which ftffl
raifed feme Commotion in him. And He very laf-
ten ufed to lament him, iti the Words ^f Ciim
ebncerning Hortmjius^ ^od^inagnSSafhntiwn 6f O-

vim

Fofjt IIL Edward £^r/ 5^. Clarendon. y 67

vium honorum Penuridj Vir egregius^ CGfymSiiffimufyue
mecum Conftliorum omnium Sopietate^ dimffvmo Reipui-
iicif Tetpfore e^ttn£lusy £5? AuSloritatis^ & PrudentU
fuay trtjle nobis Dejiderium reliquerat. And without '
Doubt, i; was in a Conjundure of Time, when the
Death of every honeft and difcreet Perfon was a ve-
ry fenfible and terrible JLofe, in the Judgment of all
good Men.

A F T E R the unhappy Death of the Lord Falk*
land^ tfce King much defu-ed.that the Chancellor of
the Exchequer Ihould be Secretary rf State in his
Place-, wliich the Queen did not oppofe, though
She rather wifhed that the Lord Bigby might have
it ; who had fo itiuch Kindnefs and Friendfhip for
the Chancellor (which was at that Time, and long
^ter, a3 fiuce;re as qould receive Harbour in his
Brejijfl:) that He profefTed, He would npt have it,
iJf the other would receive it: But the Chancellor t^ c&7»f^/-
gn^tified liis CivUity, and refufed the Office, the fe- ^^ifJJ^Z''^
cpnd Time, as He had once before. And He had^/^^^^y-
fi> much more Reafon now, by the coming of a ve-f"^^^^
17 fpecious Embafly from France y in the Perfon oi afecondTim.
.the Count of Harcourt^ who was already arrived in
London ; in which the Chancellor knew his own
Want of Ability, to aft that Part, the Office of Se-
cretary would have obliged him to ; and for which,
as fas as the Perfeftion of the French Tongue could
qualify him, the Lord Bighy was very proper ; and
Jo He was made Secretary of State ; profeffing to
every Body, that as He had the Office bv the Chan-
cellor's Refufal of it, fo He would wholly advife
with him in all Things pertaining to it, which He
always did ; and the Confidence and Friendfhip be-
tween .them was mumal, and very notorious, until
diat Lord changed his Religion. And He was no
iR)oner admittedand fworn Secretary of State, and
Privy^Counfellor, and confequently made of the
JuntOy which theKi^ at that Tinac created, con-

L 4 fifting

i68 The L IF E of Part III.

fifting of the Duke of Richmond^ the Lord Cotting^
toHj the two Secretaries of State, and Sir John CoU-
p^eTy but the Chancellor of the Exchequer was
Hi is added likewife added; to the Trouble, at leaft the Sur-
tciheyunto. pj^j.^^ of the Mafter of the Rolls ; who could have
been contented, that He (hould have been excluded
from that near Truft, where all Matters were to be
confulted, before they .fliould be brought to the ,
Council Board. And this. Committee was appoint-?
ed to treat with the Count of Harcourt ; whom the
King believed to be fent from France^ to demand
any Thing from the Parliament in that King's Name,
as his Majefty fhould diredt ; and therefore They
were appointed to confider well, what He fhould be
diredled to propofe.

But the Ambaffadour no fooner came to the
Town in great State and Luftre, but He quickly
faved them any farther Labour, by declaring, that
He Would treat with no Body but the King himfelf ;
his Bufinefs being only to ferve the King, with Re-
ference to the Differences between his Majefty and
the Parliament; and pretended that in his fliort
Stay at London^ He had already difcpvered that hisW
Majefty was betrayed; and that his moft fecre^
Counfels were difcovered : And fo there was never
any Communication between him and the King's
Council ; but all Matters were tranfafted with die
King himfelf, and Queen, and Lord J^rmyn^ who
was not .of the Council, and the Lord Dighy -, the
Queen proniifing herfelf very much from his Nego-
tiation; the AmbajQ&dour being then of great Repvi-
tation, having been General of the French Army in
two or three great Addons, in which his Succcfs
had been very notable;* an4 the Queen looked up-
on him a$ a Perfon particmar|y devoted to her Ser-
vice; and being of the HoxOtqf Lorraine (the young-
er Son of the Duke d" Elboeuf) He was not without
fome Alliance (q ^e King ; and fo He returned to

London

Part in. Edward Earl g/*CL arendon. 169

London with fuch Inftruftions, and Advice as They
thought fit to entnift him with ; which were too
Particular ; and with the Privity only of the two
other Perfons mentioned before.

B u T it quickly appeared after, that He was not
lent with any Purpofe to do the King Service ; but
that Cardinal Mazarin (who was newly entered up-
on the Miniftry, after the Death of Cardinal Ricbe-
Ueu) might take fuch a View of the Affairs of Eng-
landj as the better to judge what He was to do ;.
and that an Accommodation there might not break
his Mcafores, with Reference to his other Defigns j
which the Ambafladour was eafily fatisfied it was not
like to do. And fo, after three or four Months
i^nt between Oxford and London^ He returned to
France ; leaving the King's Affairs fo much worfe
than He found them, by having communicated
fome InftruAions, which had been given him at y
Oxfordj'mth over much Confidence, and which lefs
difpofed fome Perfons to Peace thjnThey had been,
zt London.

Th e King called the Chancellor one Day to him, ne rtng s-
and told him, "that He thought there was too^^^^y.
" much Honour done to thofe Rebels at Wejhnirfier tbeExciefuer
** in all his Declarations, by his mentioning them as 'ASwii
" Part of the Parliament ; which as long as Thty fi'^^J^^
" fhould be thought to be. They would have more ^'^wdi-
" Authority by their continuing their Sitting in the rmn&er.
^^ Place, whither They were firft called, thah all the
" other Members, though fo much more nuperous,
" wpuld have, when They fhould be convened any
" lyhere elfe (there being a Thought of convening
"them to Oxford) I therefore He knew no Reafon
** why He fliould not pofitively declare them to be
" diflblved ; and fo forbid them to Sit or meet any
** more there." He faid, "that He knew learned Men
'* of an Opinion, that that Aft for the continuance
^^ fxf tbe Parliaaient wfis void 4rom the Beginning ;

"and

?70

The L I F E of

PartlH.

Bis Advice to
the King on
that SuhjcSi.

and that it is not in the Power of the King to
bar himfelf from the Power of diffolving it; which
is to be depriv,ed of an eflenti^l Part ot his Sove-
reignty : But if the Aft were good and valid in
Law, They had diflblved themfelves, by their
Force, in driving fo many Members, and even
his Majefty himfelf, who was their Head, from
the Parliament j and had forfeited their Right of
Sitting there, and all that the Aft had given
them, by their Treafon and P^ebellion ; which the
very being a Parliament could not fupport : And
therefore He wiflied, that a Prqclanution might
be prepared, to declare them adualiy dilfolved j
and exprefly forbidding them to meet, or any Bo-
dy to own them, or fubmit to them,' as a Parlia-
ment."

The Chancellor told him, that ** He perceived
by his Majefty's Difcourj(e, that He had very much
confidered th? Argument, and , was well prcparjsd
in it ; which for his Part He was not. JB^t He
befought him to think it worth a very ftridt Re-
fleftion ; and to hear the Opinion of learned Men,
before He refolved upon it. That it was of a ye- (87)
ry nice and delicate Nature, at which not only
the People in general, but thofe of his own Par-
ty, and even of his Council, would take more
Umbrage, than upon any one Particular, that
had happened fince the Beginning of the War.
That He could not imagine that his forbidding
them to meet any more at IFeftminfierj would
make no Man the lefs to meet there ;' but He
might forbid them upon fuch Grounds and Rea-
fbns, as might bring more to them : And that
They who had fevered themfelves from them, up-
on the Guilt of their Adiions, might return, and
be reconciled to them, upon their Unity of Opi-
nion. That it had been the firft powerful Re-
proach TJiey had corrupted the. Peopje wi?^^ tp-

"wards

PartllL Edward Btfr/?/' Clarendon. 171

" wards hijs Majefty, that He intended to diffijvo
** this Parliament, notwithftanding die Aft for 0)n-
** tinuance thereof; and if He had Power to do
** that. He rtiight likewifc by the fame Power, re-
^* peal all the other Afts made this Parliament; whpre-
^* of fome were very precious to the People : And
*^ as his Majefty had always difclaimed any fuch
*' Thought, fo fuch a Proclamation as He now men-
*' doned, would confirm all the Fears and Jealou-
** fies, which had been infufed into them ; and
*• would trouble many of his own true Subjefts,"

''That for the Invalidity of the Aft from the
** Beginning, He was in his own Opinion inclined
** to hope, that it might be originally void, for the
^ Reafons and Grounds his Majefty had mentioned;
^ aud that the Parliament itfelf, if this Rebellion
" was fupjpreffed, might be of the fame Judgment,
"and declare it accordingly, which would- enable
•* him quickly to diflblve it : But till then. He
•* thought all the Judges together, even thofe who
** were in his own Quarters, and of unqqeftionable
" Afieftion to his Majefty, would not declare any
•* fuch Invalidity ; and much lefs, that any private
** Man, how learned foever, would avow that Judg-
** ment : In which his Majefty might eafily fatif-
**fy hunfelf, having fo many of the Judges, and
** many other excellent Men of the Robe then at
^Oxford. For their having diflblved themfelves, or
** forfeited their Right of Sitting there, by their
**TrcafQn and Rebellion, He fatd^ He could lefs
** undcrftand it, than the other Argument of Inva-
** Kdity : For that the Treafon and Rebellion could
^only concern, and be penal to the Pcrfons who
^ committed them ; it was poflTible many might Sit
*^ there. He was Xure many had a Right to Sit there,
'^* who had always oppofed every Illegal, and every
** Rebellious Aft; and therefore the Faults of the
J^jOthcrs jcould never forfeit any Right of theirs,

"who

172 rhe LIFE of Part III.

*'who had committed no Fault. And upon the
"whole Matter, concjuded as He had begun, that
" his Majefty would very throughly confulr it, be-
**fore He did fo much as incline in his own
" Wiflics."

.His Majefty faid, He had fpoken more Reafon
againft it, than He had thought could have been
alleged : However, He bade him confer ^ith his
Attorney General, who. He believed, was of ano-
ther Opinion, The Chancellor moved his Majefty,
that fince the Ground of what fliould be refplved on
in this Point muft be expreffed in the Proclama-
tion, the Attorney might put his own Concep-
tions in Writing, and then his Majefty would thcf
better judge or them. The King faid, it feemed
reafonable to him, and He had propofed it to him ;
but He had declined it, and commended the Pen
his Majefty had ufed to employ, as very clear and
fignificantj and faid, if He had an Hour's Confe-'
fence with that Perfon, the Bufirifcfs Would be done.
Whereupon the Chancellor went immediately to- his
Lodging, choofing rather to ufe that Civility towards
him, than to fend for him -, who did not love himW
fo well as He had done, before He was his fupe-
riour Officer.
Ks Confe- A F T E R a iong Conference together, and many
X'j^^ Circumlocutions (which was his natural Way of Dif-
Cauraitbere- courfe ) and afldng Queftions, why not this ? and
**' why not that ? without expreffing his own Opinion ;

at laft He confefledi that there muft be no Attempt
to diflblve them, " though it might be even that
** might be lawful in many Refpefts," but that it
would be fufficient to declare the Force which had
been, and ftill was upoil them, that rendered them
not Free ;■ and fo They ought not to be looked up-
on as a Parliament : And that They might be re-
quired, to adjourn from Time to Time, till all the
Members might with Safety repair to, and Sit with

them i

Part IIL Edward Earl (?/Cl ar^ndon. i 73

them ; in all which the other agreed with him, and
ib They parted : The Chancellor promifing that, a-
gainft the next Morning, He would prepare a Pro-
clamation agreeable to that, which He thought to
be their joiijt Meaning -, for He did not obferve any
Difference to be between them. The next Morn-
ing the Attorney came to his Lodging, where He
found the Draught prepared, which as foon as He
had , read. He faid did in no Degree exprefs, or
comprehend the Senie that had been agreed between
them : And thereupon. He entered again into the
feme Difcourfe He had made before, and more per-
plexed than before ; being moft offended with the
Preamble, wherein it was declared, that the King
neither could, or intended to break the Parlia-
ment : Which was fo contrary to what He had infij-
ied into the King *, and which the Chancellor thought
moftneceffary to contradift that Reproach, which
naturally would be caft upon his Majefty. In the
£nd^ when He had wearied hirafelf with the De-
bare, They came both again to mean the fame
Thipg i which was no other than was agreed be-
fore, though as the Attorney faid, it was not ex-
pre^d in the Draught before them : Whereupon it
was agreed between them, that againft the. next
Morning, either of them fhould make a Draught
apart; iand then, when They came together, it
would eafily be adjufted.

But the next Morning They were as far afunder
as before, and the Attorney had prepared no Paper,
and faid, it needed not, the Difference being very
finall, and would be redlified with changing, or
leaving; out a Word or two ; which the Chancellor
defired him to do, -and to leave out, or put in, what
PJe.pleafcd : Whicji when He went about to do,
twenty other Things occuiTed to him ; and ib He
entered upon new Difcourfes, without concluding
any Thing 5 and every Day entertained the Kirtg

with

174 ^^ ^ 1 FE of - Partlll.

with an Account, as if all were agreed ; but upon
Conference with the Chancellor, his Majefty won-
dered at the Delay, and told him. He wondered at
it, for the Attorney fpake ftill as clearly to him, as
it was poffible for any Man to do, and therefore
the putting it in Writing could not be hard. The
Other anfwered him, that it would never be done
any other Way, than that, which He had firft pro-
pofed to him ; and therefore befought his Majeily,
that He would oblige the Attorney to put his own
Conceptions, which He made fo clear to him, into
Writing ; and then, his Majefly having likewifc
what the Chancellor prepared in his Hands, He
would eafily conclude which Ihould ftand; and
otherwife there would never be any Conclufion.
D^i'btofa -^^^^'^ ^^^ '^^y^ s&QT^ the Chancellor came in-
pZumJin to the Garden where the King was walking ; and
'^'Sthe ^^^^^^S ^^^ fliortly to him, in fome Diforder, his
^^eLof Majefty told him, " He was never in that Amaze-
tbeExctc^ u ^^^^ .jn his Life -, that He had at laft, not with-
" out a very pofitive Command, obliged the Attor-
" ney to bring him fuch a Draught in Writing, as
" was agreeable to his own Senfe ; and that He had (^9)
^' now done it*; but in fuch a Manner, that He no
" more underftood what the Meaning of it was,
" than if it were in fVelchy** which was the Language
of the Attorney's Country : Only, He faid; " He
" was v?ry fure it contained nothing of the Senfe
" He had ever exprefled to him -," and fo bade him
follow him into a little Room at the End of the
Garden -, where as foon as He was entered He fliut
the Door, becaufe there were many People in the
Garden ; and then pulled a Paper out of his Pocldec,
and bade him read it •, which when He had done, it
being aH in the Attorney's own Hand, He faid,
" it deferved Wonder indeed ;" and it was fo roi^h^
perplexed, and infignificant, that no Man oouM
judge by it, or out of it^ what the Writdr propo&d

to

Partlll. Edward E^r/g/* Clarendon. 17.5

to hiitifeif. And it made fo great an Impreflion up-
oh the King (Vl^ho had before thought him a Man
of a Mafter Rcafon, and that lio Man had fo
clear i^otions ) that He never after had any Eftcem
of him.

Tut Truth is. He was a Man very unlike any Oaraaerof
other Man ; of a very good natural Wit, improved ^q^X"^
by Conveffation with learned Men, but not at all "^ *
by Study and Induftry : And then his Converfation
was moft with Men, though much fuperiour to him
in Parts, who rather admired, than informed him,
of which his Nature ( being the proudeljt Man liv-
ing) made him not capable, becaufe not defirous.
His greateft Faculty was, and in which He was a
Mafter, to make difficult Matters more intricate and
perplexed ; and very eafy Things to feem more hard
than they were. The King confidered the Matter
and Subjedt of that Proclamation, at the Council ;
where that Draught the Chancellor had provided,
was agreed to ; and the Attorney feeme4 to be fa-
tisfitd in it ; and was content to have it believed,
that it had been confulted with him ; though He
never forgave the Chancellor for expofing him in
that Manner; by which He found He had loft
much Ground.

After the Treaty of Uxbridge^ moft of the Com* neKing^'i
miflioners had given fo good a Teftimony of the ^7c£^
Chancellor's Diligence and Induftry, that the king, c^ior of the
fliortly after his Return, very gracioufly took No- ^2ft^\
tice 01 it to him ; and above all, of his Affeftion to tu Treaty^
the Church, of which. He faid. Dr. Steward had fo ^'^'^*''
folly informed him, that He looked upon Him as
(One of the few, who was to be relied upon in that
Particular : At which He faid, himfelf was not at
all furprifed, having long known his AfFeftion, and
Judgment in that Point ; but confefled He was fur-
prifed with the Carriage of fome others, from whom
He had cxpefted another Kind of Behaviour, in

Matters

176 the L I F E of PartllL

Matters of the Church ; and named Sir Orlando
]Bridgman^ upon whom He faid. He had always
looked, being the Son of a Bifhop, as fo firm, that
He could not be jQiaken ; and therefore He was the
more amazed to hear what Condefcenfions He had
been willing to have made, in what concerned Re-
ligion ; and prefled the Chancellor to anfwer fome
Queftions He aflced him about that Tranfadlion ; to
the Particulars whereof He excufed himfelf from
anfwering, by the Proteftation, They had all taken
before the Treaty, with his Majefly*s Approbation :
Though indeed himfelf had been very much furpri-
fed with the firft Difcovery of that Temper in that
Gentleman, which He had never before fulpefted :
And ever after faid, that " He was a Man of cxcel-
** lent Parts, and honeftly inclined ; and would choofe
** much rather to do well than ill ; but if it were
*' not fafe for him to be fteady in thofe Refolutions,
** He was fo much given to find out Expedients to
" fatisfy unreafonable Men, that He would at laft
" be drawn to yield to any Thing, He fliould be
•' powerfully prefled to do."

The King at that Time having refolved to feparateir^)
the Prince his Son from himfelf y iy fending him into ibe
Weft, the Chancellor had a great Defire to excufc
himfelf from attending upop the Prince in that
Journey ; and reprefented to his Majefty, that his
Office made it more proper for him to be near bis
Majefty's Perfon; and therefore renewed his Suit
again to him, that his Service might be fpared in
that Employment -, which He was the lefs inclined
to, becaufe He had difcovered, that neither the
Duke of Richmond, or the Earl of Southampton did
intend to wait upon his Highnefs in that Expedi-
tion : But the King told him pofitively, and with
fome Warmth, that if He wQuld not go,. He would
not fend his Son : Whereupon He fubmitted to do
any Thing which His Majefty fhould judge fit for
his Service. The

Part III. Edward Earl g;^ Clarendon. 177

The Chancellor fpeaking one Day with the Duke
of Richmond^ who was exceedingly kind to him, of
the ill State of the King's Affairs, and of the Prince's
Journey into the Weji^ the Duke alked him, whe-
ther He was well refdived to carry the Prince into
Trance^ when He (hould be required. He anfwer-
ed, that there had been no fuch Thmg mentioned
to him, nor could He ever be made inftrumeiital in
it, but in one Cafe, which was, to prevent his fajl-
ing into the Hands of the Parliament ; and in that
Caie, He did believe every honeft Man would ra-
ther adviie his going any whither, than being taken
by them : Yet even in that Cafe, He (hould prefer
many Places before France. Thq Duke wifhed He
might ftay till then, implying that He doubted it
was the prefent Defign ; but there was never any
Thing difcovered to make it belicvcid, that there
was a Defign at that Time formed to fuch a Pur-
pofe : Yet the Lord Bighy^ who had all Familiarity
and Confidence with the Chancellor, fhortly after
gave him Occafion to apprehend, that there might
even then be fome fuch Intention.

Afte R a long Difcourfe, of the great Satisfac- VrdT>i%hf%
tion the King had in his (the Chancellor*s) Service ; ^';^^
and how much He was pleafed with his Behaviour cbancdkr
in the Treaty at Uxbridge ; and that He had not a p^^'f jj

greater Confidence in zxvf Man's Afiedbion, and Fi-. '« France.
elity -, He faid, his Majefty had a great Mind to
confer with him upon a Point of the laft Impor-
tance ; but that He was kept from it, by an Ap-
prehenfion, that He was of a different Judgment
Irom his Majefty in that Particular. The other an-
Iwered, that He was very forry that the King was
rcferved for fuch a Reafon ; for though He knew,
the Chancellor did never pretend to think one
Thing, when He did think another, and fo might
take the Boldnels to differ from his Majefty in his
Judgment J yet the King could not believe, that
Vol. !• M He

)7^ The LIFE of PartllL

lie would difcover the Secret, or refufe to do any
Thing that became an honeft Man, upon his Com-
mand, though He did not believe it counfellable.
Whereupon, He entered upon a veiy reafonablc
Confideration, of the low Condition of the King ;
of the Difcontent and Mwmur.of the Court, and
of the Camp ; how very difficult a Thing it was
like to be, to raife fiich an Army as would be fit to
take the Field ; and how much more unfit it would
be, for the King to fufier himfelf to be enclofed in
any Garrilbn 5 which He muft be, if there were no
Army for him to be in. If the firft Difficulty fhould
be maftered, and an Army made ready to march,
there could be little Doubt, how great foever their
Diftraftions were at London^ but that the Pariiattient
would be able to fend another more numdrous> and
much better fuppliedthan the King's could be ; and
then, if the King's Army was beaten. He could
have no Hope ever to raife another 5 his Quartera
already being very ftreight 5 and after a Defeat, the
vidorious Army would find no Oppofition \ fior Was
there any Garrifon that could oppofe them any con-
fiderable Time j London would pour oat more For-(9»y
ces ; that all the Wefi would be fwallowed up in. an
Inftant ; and in fuch a Cafe He afked him, whethei^
He would not think it fit, and affift to the carrying
Che Prince out of the Kingdom.
7&f ChmtU The Chancellor told him, He would deliver his
ArViJ^j^. opmion freely to him, and was willing He Ihould
let the King kqow it. That fiich a Prolpedl as He
had fuppoted, might, and ought to be prudendy
confidered •, but that it muft be with great Secrcfy,
for that there were already to his Ejiowledge fottie
Whiipers of foch a Purpofe ; and that it was the
true End of fending the Prince into the 1V0\
which, if it fhould be believed, it would never be
in their Power to execute, though the Occafion
Ihould be moft prcfling *, therefore defircd them

might

PartlH. Edward EarlofChARBi^Dou. tyg

might not t)e the leaft Whii^r of any jCppringen-
cy, that might make it $t. For the Mait^ itfel^
it mufl: never be done, upon any Suppofition of ^
Neceflity 5 but when the Neccflity fliould be real,
$uid in View, it ought to be refolved, and execute^
at once : And He would make no $crup](c of qury-
juig him rather into Turk(y^ than fuffering him tQ
jbe made a Prironer to the Paxliameot.

T H H Lord Digfy relied, that thou^ the ICii^
would be very weU pleaied with this Opinion of his,
vet He would not be furprifed with it j fince He
knew his AiBTeAion and Wifdom to be fuch, th^
in fuch an Extremity, He could not but ^ave th^
jReiolution : Ther^ore that was not the Point thac
the King doubted He would dififer with him in.
Then I^ continued the Difcourfe, th^t He hoped
there would not fuch an Oqcafion ikp out ; and that
the Divi&ons at Lcmdon would yet ppen fome Door
^r a good Peace to enter at ; biit if They ihoul^
unite^ w^ ihould fend out a ftrong Army, and
lUte^ie appomt the Scais to march towards them ;
liOW.the King would do between two fuch Armies,
yil3 a terdble Prolpeft : And then the kaft Blow
jroidd raife fo general a Confternation, that the
King would be more difguieted by his Friends an4
Servants, th$in by the Enemy: That his CouncU
Fas {6 conftituted, that They would look upon the
Prince's leaving the Kingdom, as lefi adviieable,
than.g^ving himiolf.up to the Parlianient^ and that
manv Men were yet fo weak, as to believe, tha^
fhc.beft Way the King could take for his Security,
and i^refervation of his Pc^rity, was, to deliver up
both Himf^ and all his Children into the Hands
of. the Parliament ; and that They would then give
liim better Conditions, than They had offered in
thdr Treaties ^ haying it then in their Power to
keep all fuch Peifoifi tigm him, A^ Tlfsy wtrt i^Jt--
fatisfied with.

M 2 Jf

i8o "- The LIFE of ' P&rtlll.

■ I F this Opinion fhould once ipreaid itfelf, as up-
on any fignal Defeat it would undoubtedly do, it
muft be expefted, that the Council, and moft of
the Lords, who looked upon themfelves as ruined
for their Loyalty, out of their natural Apprehen-
fion, w6uld imagine, that the Prince being then in
the ^^, and at Liberty to do what fhould be
thought fit, would be direfted by the King to
tranfport himfelf into Parts^ beyond the Sea -, and
the Queen his Mother being then in France ^ moft
probably thither: Which was aCircumftancc that
would likewife make his Tranfportation more uni-
^ verfally odious. So that upon this Refleftion and
erroneous Animadverfioh, the King w'ould be, in
the firft unfortunate Conjundture, importuned by
all about him, to fend for the Prince ; or at leaft to
Tend fuch Orders to thofe to whofe Care He was en^
trufted, that They fliould fiot prefume to tranlpert
him beyond the Seas, in what Sixigent foever.
Moft Men would believe, that They ftiould, merit
of the Parliament by this Advice, and would profe-*
cute it with the more Earneftnefs and Importunity ;
whilft thofe Few who difcerned the Mifchief and (9*)
Ruin that muft flow from it, would not have the
Courage to deliver their Opinions in Publick, for
Fear of being accufed of the Counfel ; and by this
Means the King might be fo wearied and tired with
Importunity, that ^ainft his Judgment, He might
be prevailed with to fign fuch a Diredion ahd Or-
der, as is before mentioned ; though his Majefty
was clearly fatisfied in his Underftanding, that if
both Himfelf and the Prince wer« in their Hands
together, the beft that coiild happen, would be
Murdering Him, and Crgwuing his Son 5 whereas
if his Son were at Libenty, and out of their Reach,
They would get Nothing by his Death, andconfc-
quently would not attempt it*

This

Part IIL Edward Earl of Clarendon. i 8 i

This He faid, was the fatal Conjundture the
King apprehended -, and He then afked the Chan-'
cellor, what He would do. To which He anfwer-
ed, without paufing, that He hoped the King had
made up a firm Refolution never to depart from his
own Virtue^ upon which his Fate depended : And
that if !He forfook himfelf, He had no Reafon to
depend upojti the Conftancy of any other Man, who
had Nothing to fupport that Confidence, but the
Confcience of doing what was juft : That no Man
could doubt the Lawfulnefs of obeying him, in car-
rying^the Prince out of the Kingdom, to avoid his
being taken by the Rebels ; and He was not only
ready to obey in that Cafe, but would confidently*
advile it, as a Thing in Policy ai^d Prudence necef-
lary to be done. But if the King, being at Liber-
ty, and with his own Counfellors and Servants,
ftiould under his Hand forbid the Prince to tranf-
port himfelf, and forbid all about him to fufFer it
to be done. He would never be guilty of difobey-.
ing that exprefs Command ; though He (hould be
very forry to receive it. He wifhed the King would
Ipeak with him of it, that He might take the Bpld-
nefs to conjure him, never to put an honeft and ^
faithful Servant to that unjuft Streight, to dp any
Thing exprefly contrary to his plain and pofidve
Command, upon Pretence of knowing his fecret
Pleafure -, which is expofing hini to publick Juf-
tice, and Reproach, which can never be wiped out
by the Confcience of the other ; and that the Arti-
fice was not worthy the Royal Breaft of a great
Monarch. This, He faid, was ftjU upon the Suppo-
fition of the King's Liberty j but if He were a Pri-
foner. in the Hands of his Enemies ( though that
fhould not Ihake his Refolution, or make him fay
Things He doth not intend, upon Imagination that
others will know his Meaning) the Cafe would be
different j and honeft Men would purfue former Re-

' M' 3 ' ' folutions.

l8i The L I F E of PartUI.

folutions, though They fliould be countermanded,
according to Circumftances.

The Conference ended; and was never after re-
fumed : Nor did the King ever in the leaft Degree
enter upon the Argument with the Chancellor,
though He had many private Conferences with him
upon all that occurred to him with Reference to
what the Prince ihould do in the IFeft -, and of all
the riielancholick Contingencies, which might faU
out in his own Fortune, And it was generally bc-
Jieved, that his Majefty had a much greater Confi*
dence in the Chancellor, than in the Other, whofe
Judgment He had no Reverence for*, and this made
the Chancellor afterwards believe, that all the other
pifcourfe from the Lord Bighy proceeded rather
from fome Communication of Counfels He had with
the Queen, than any Direftions from the King,
And He did upon concurrent Circumftances ever
think, that the Queen did from the firft Minute of
the Separation o? the Prince from the King, in-
tend to draw his Highnefs into France^ that He
might be near her, and under her Tuition, before
uny Thing in the Declenfion of the King's Fortune
required it, or made it counfcllable ; and therefore
had appointed the Lord Bigbyy her Creature, who (93)
She knew had great Friendmip with the Chancellor
to feel his Pulfe, and difcover, whether He (in
whom She had never Confidence) might be appli-
cable to her Purpofes. But He often declared, ttiat
the King himfelf never intimated the leaft Thought
of the Prince's leaving the Kingdom, till after the
Battle of Nafeby^ and when Fairfax was niarched
with his Army into the Weft^ and himfclf was in
Pefpair of being able to raife atiother Army ; and
even then, when He fignified his Pleafure to that
iPurpofe, He left the Time, and the Manlier, and
tht Place to Them, who were efpecially trufted by
. bim, ^bout the Prince j as wiU appear by the par-
ticular

Part III. Edward Earl of Clarendon. 183

ticular Papers which arc prcferved of that Affair %
and wherein it will likewife appear, that his Majef-
ty received infinite Satisfadion and Content in the
whole Management of that Affair, and the happy
and fecure Tranfportation of the Prince, in the juft
and proper Seafba, and when all the Kingdom was
right glad that it was done.

A3 his Majefty was more particularly gracious to
the Chancellor from the Time of the Treaty at Ux-
bridge ; fo there was no Day paffed. without his
conferring with him in private upon his moft fecret
Confiderations and Apprehenfions, before his De-
partyre with the Prince for the H^eft. One Day He
told him. He was very glad of what the Duke of
Rjchwmd had done the Day before 5 and indeed He
had done fomewhat the Day before, which very
much furprifed the Chancellor. When his Majefty
wofe fron) Council, the Duke of Richmond whifper-
cd fomewhat privately to him, upon which the King
went into his Bedchamber •, and the Duke called
the Chancellor, and told him, the King would fpeak
yrith him, and (o took him by the Hand, and led
him into the Bedchamber ; the Privilege and Dig-
nity of which Room was then fo pundually prefer-
ved, that the King very rarely called any Privy
CounfcUor to confer with them there, who was not
of the Bedchamber •, which maintained a juft Reve-
rence to the Place, and an Efteem of thofe who
were admitted to attend there.

As foon as He came into the Room, before He neOancd-
faid any Thing to the JCing, who was there alone, ^^^*'^'
the Duke fpake to the Chancellor, and told him,^nA«/o»,
that He had been brought up from his Childhood-^^^^
by the Crown, and had always paid it the Oht- vntttbeDukt
dience of a Child ; that as He had taken a Wife ^^^'
with the Approbation and Advice of the Crown,
fo He had never made a Friendfhip, which He
"took to be a Kind of Marriage, without the King's '

M 4 Privity

i84 The LIFE of Part III.

Privity and particular Approbation ; that He had
long had a Kindnefs for him, but had taken Time
to know him well, which He thought He now did;
and therefore had afked his Majefty's Confent, that
He might make a Friendfhip with him : And then
faid to the King, *' Sir, have I not your Approba-
" tion to this Conjunftion ? " to which his Majefly
faid, " yes, my Lord, I am very glad of it ; and I
" will pafs my Word to you for the Chancellor, that
*' you will not repent it ;" with many gracious Ex-
preffions to them both : And fo the Duke led hini
out of the Room again, faying, "now, Mr. Chancel-
*' lor, it is in your Power to deceive me." And to this
it was, that his Majefty's Difcourfe related the next
Day, when He told him. He was glad of what had
paffed, &c. and faid. He hoped He would give him
good Counfel v for He had not of late lived towards
him in the Manner He was ufed to do \ that He
knew well the Duke was a very honeft and worthy
Man, and had all the Kindnefs as well as Duty for
Jiis Majefty ; but that He was grown fuUcn, or dif-
contented, and had not the fame Countenance He
ufed to have ; for which He could imagine no other
Reafon, but that his Man Webb gave him ill Coun-
fel : He faid. He was well contented that He fhould{94)
take Notice, that his Majefly was not well fatisfied y
and afked him fuddenly, when the Duke was at
Oriel College with them ; Oriel College was the
Lodging of the Lord Treafurer, where that Com-
mittee for fecret Affairs, of which the Duke was
one, ufed to meet. The Chancellor anfwered, that
indeed the Duke had not been there lately, which
He thought had proceeded from his Attendance up-
on his Majefty, qr fopie other necefljiry Divertife-
men t. The King faid, it proceeded pot from thence ;
and that He might take Occafion from his Abfence
from thence, to let himfelf into that Difcourfe 5 and
^terwards proceed a? He thought fit,

• Ths

Partlll. Edward Ejrr/ ^Clarendon. 185

The Duke was a Perfon of a very good Under- Oaraatrtf
ftanding'; and of fo great Perfedtiop and Punftua- '^^;^^
lity in all Matters of Honefty and Honour, that
He was infinitely fuperiour to any Kind of Tempta-
tion. He had ill the Warmth and Paflions of a
Subjcdl, and a Servant, and a Friend for the Kingv
and for his Perfon ; but He was then a Man of a
high Spirit; and valued his very Fidelity at the
Rate it was worth*, and not the lefs, for that it had
al'moft flood fingle for fome Time. The Chancellor
was very forry for this Difcovery -, and chofe to wait
upon the Duke the fame Day, near the Hour wheH
the Meeting ufed to be at Or/V/ College: And when
He had fpent a fhort Time with him. He faid. He
thought it was Time to go to Oriel College, and
afked his Grace, whether He would pleafe to go
thither ; for which He making fome Excufe, the
other prefled him with fome Earneftnefs, and faid,
it was obferved that.He had a good Time declined
that Meeting, and if He fhould not now go thi-
ther. He (hould be doubtful there was fome Rea-
fon for it.

The Duke replied, that He had indeed been
abfent from thence for fome Time, and that He
would deal clearly with him as his Friend,* but de-
fired it fhould not be known ; that He was refolved
to be there no more. Then complained, that the
King was not kind to him ; at leafl had not that
Confidence in him, which He had ufed to have :
And then Ipake of many Particulars loofely ; and
efpecially, that before the Treaty, He had advifed
the King to ufe all the Means He could to draw
them to a Treaty, for many Advantages which were
like to be gotten by it •, and to that Purpofe, pro-
duced a Letter that He had newly received from
the Countefs of Carlifie^ and read it to his Majefty,
who then feemed not to be moved with the Con-
tents i but afterwards in fcvcral Difcourfcs reflefted

upon

i86 The L 11^ E of Partltt.

upon it in fuch a Manner, as if He were jealous,
that the Duke held too much Correfpondexice with
that People : Which He looked upon as fuch a
I^oint of Diffidence, that it was no longer fit for him
to be prefent, when the fecret Part of his Affairs
was tranfaded ; and fo He had, and would forbear
to meet in that Place, till his Majefty Ihould enter-
tain a better Opinion of him : Yet He concealed the
Trouble of Mind which He fuftained ; and wiflied,
that no Notice might be taken of it.
^^i»M. The Chancellor told him, it was too late for that
ue^eto Caupon i that the Lords themfelves could not but
^^f^i obferve his long Abfence, who before ufed to be
the mod punftual ; and confefTed to hun, that the
King himfelf had fpoken to him of it with a Senfe
of Wonder and Diflike ; which. He faid. He was
to blame himfelf for; fince the Honour He had
done him to the King, had likewife difpofed his
Majefty to truft him fo far, as to exprefs fome Dif-
iktisfadion'He had in his Grace's late Carriage and
. Behaviour. The Duke feemed not dilpleafed with
the Communication, but thereupon entered into a
fuller and warmer Difcourfe than before ; how
much the King had withdrawn his Confidence from
him, and trufted others much more than him. In(9S)
Sum, it was cafy to difcern, that the Thing that
troubled him, was the Power and Credit that John
jl/bbumham had with the King ; which his Va^ty
made him own to that Degree, that He was riot
content to enjoy the Benefit of it, except.He made
it publick, and to be taken Notice of by all Men;
which could not but reflefl: upon his Honour : And
when the Chancellor feemed to think it impoffible,
that himfelf could believe, that the King could pre-
fer a Man of Mr. AJhbumbanfs Talent before his
Grace's He proceeded with many Inftances^ and in-
fifted with moft Indignation upon Ctoe.

That

Part III. Edward Ejr/g/*CLAltENDON, 187

That about a Year before, Svcjobn Lucas^ who
was well known to his Grace, having met him a-
broad in his Travels, and ever after paid a particu-
lar Re^fi; to him, had applied himfelf to him, and
defired his Favour, that when there fliould be any
Opportunity oflfered. He would recommend him to
the King, to whom He was not unknown ; that his
Afiedion to his Majefty*s Service was notorious e-
nough, and that his Sufferings were fo likewife;
his Houfe being the firft that was plundered in the
Beginning of the War ; by which, the Lofs He
fultained in Furniture, Plate, Money, and Stock,
was verv conliderable ; fo that He might modeftly
hope, tnat when his Majefty fcattercd his Favours
upon others of his own Rank, his poor Service
might likewife be remembered : But He had feen
Men raifed to Dignities, who He was fure had not
the Advantage over him in their Sufferings, what*
ever They might have in their A6tings ; and He
defired no nwre, but (fince it was too evident that
his Majcfly's Wants were great, and that Money
would do him fome Service) that He might deceive
that Degree of Honour which others had, and He
would make fuch a Prefent to him, as fhould mani-
feft his Gratitude ; and He defired to owe the Ob-
figation to his Grace, and to receive it only by his
Mediation.

Hb faid. He had moved this Matter, with the
Relation of all the Circumfiances, tx> his Majefiy,
who fpidce very gracioufly of the Gentleman, as a
Perfon of Merit, but faid. He was refolved to make
no more Lords 5 which He received as. a very good
Anfwer, and looked upon as a good Relblution, and
eonunended it ; defiring only, that if at any Time
his Majefly foVind it neceffary to vary from tnat Re-
iblution. He would remember his PropoTition, and
gratify that Gentleman ; which He promifed to do ;
and with all which He acquainted the Perfon con-
cerned j

i88 r The L I F E of Partlli:

cerned ; thinking it could not but well fatrsfy him.
But He told him, that He was forry that He could
not receive the Honour, by his Grace's Recommen-
dation ; but for the Thing itfclf. He could have it
when He would •, and (hortly after it was dilpatch-
cd by Mr. Aftihurnham. He afked, whether this was
not preferring Mr. AJhburnbam very much before
him. The Chancellor told hini, He was preferred
as the better Market Man •, and that He ought not
to believe, that the King's AflSedtion fwayed him to
that Preference, but an Opinion, that the other
would make the better Bargain. He replied, his
Majefty was deceived in thatj for He had told him
what the other meant to ^ive, ' without the Icaft
Thought of referring any Thing for himfelf; where-
as his Majefty had now received five hundred Pounds
lefs, and his Market Man had gotten fo much for
his Pains.

I N Conclufion, He prevailed fo far with him,
that They w^nt ^ that Afternoon together to the
Committee to Oriel College ; and the next Day the
Chancellor fpake with the King again, arid told him,
. that the Duke had been in the Afternoon with the
Committee, where many Things had been confult-
AniibtKingtd-y and that He found, all his Trouble proceedcd(9«)
Ki'^^f fron^ an Apprehenfion, that his Majefty had with-
drawn his Affeftion from him ; ~at leaft that He,
the Duke, had not the fame Credit with his Majef-
ty, which he had formerly had ; aind that the Senfe
and Fear of that could not but make an Impreflion
upon a good Servant, who loved his Mafter as well
as He did. His Majefty faid. They two fhould not
live as well together as They had done, as long as
the Duke kept his Man IVebb ; who made him be-
lieve, that the King was wholly governed by j^
burnbam^ and cared not for any Body clfe. He faid,
no Body who knew him, could believe He could be
governed by Jfloburnham j. who, though an honeft

Man,

Partin. Edward Eizr/ ^Clarendon. 189

Man^ and one that He believed loved him well,
no Man thought was of an Undoibuiding fuperiour
to his Majcfty ; and enlarged himfelf upon this Ar-
gument fo much, that He Teemed as it were glad
of the Opportunity, to clear himfelf from that Af-
perfion, or Imputation.

I T is a very great Misfortune for any Priocc to
be fulpcfted to be governed by any Man ; for as
the Reproach is of all others the moft grievous, fo
They think the trufting weak Men, who are much
flibrt of their own Vigpur of Wit and Underftand-
ing, is a fuffident Vindication from that Calumny;
and fo, before They are aware of it. They d|ecline
wifer Men, who are fit to advife them, and give
ihemfelves to weaker, upon an Imagination, that
no Body will ever fufpedt They can be governed
by them. In Fine, He found the Work too hard Sutfmata
for him 5 the King being fo much incenfed againft"^**^*
fFeM^ that He expefted the Duke (hould turn him
away : And the Duke himfelf looked upon the
King's Prejudice, as infofed into him by Jfl^bum^
bam^ upon particular Malice ; having often defired,
that fome Accufer might charge Wehb^ and He be
heard to anfwer for himfelf; which the King not
being willing to admit, the other was unwilling to
difinifs a Servant, his Secretary, who had ferved
him long, and was very ufeful to him ; and who
indeed was never fufpefted for any Infidelity, or
Want of Affeftion to his Mailer : Ajid fo the Chan-
cellor, to his great Trouble, was not able to re-
move that Cloudinefs that remained in both their
Countenances, which never produced the leaft ill
£fie£i: in the View or Obfervation of any ; the
Duke's Duty being never in any Degree diniinifh-
ed, and the King's Kindnefs to him continuing
with many gracious Evidences, to his Death.

The

190 ^ L 1 F E of Partllt.

TbiKim't. The laft Conference his Majefty had with the
^h^u Chancellor, was the very Day the Prince began his
Oancdhrof Toumcy towards the Wefty and indeed, after He
^£«(ie- ^^ received his Bieffing ; when his Majefty lent
for him into his Bedchand>er ; and repeated Ibnie
Things He had mentioned before. He told him,
^* there had been many Things which had troubled
^* him, with Reference to his Son*s Abience from
•* him ; for all which, but one. He had fatisfied
^*himfelf : The one was, the Inconvenience which
•* might arife ifrom the Weaknefs and Folly of his
** Governour -, againft which He had provided, as
^* well as He could, by obliging the Prince to fol-
** low the Advice of his Council in ajl Things ;
•* which He was well aflSired He would do; and
" He had given them as much Authority, as They
^* could wim. Another was, that there was one Ser-
^* vant about the Prince, ^ who He thought had too
^much Credit with him, which was ££ra^; who
*^ He did not intend fhould be with him in the
** Journey •, and had therefore fent him into France
'* to the Queen, with Dire&ion to her Majefty, to
** keep him there -, and if He fhould return whilft
^* the Prince remained in the 7i^, that He fhould
^* be fent to his Majefty, and not fufiered to Hay
" with his Highnefs; and that was all the Care He
" could take in thofe two Particulars : But there was (97)
** a Third, in which He knew not what to do, and
^^ that troubled him much more than the other
*' two." When the Chancellor feemed full of Ex-
pectation to know what that might be, the Xing
laid, " I have obferved of late (bme Kind of Sharp-
"nefs, upon many Occafions, between Col^^^
•* and you ; and though you are joined with cihcr
••' honeft Men, yet my great Confidence is upon
" you two : I know not that the Fault is in you (
" nay^ I muft confcfs, that it is very often in him ;
♦* but let it be where it will, any Difference and

" Unkind-

Part iri. Edward Earl ^/'Clarendon. 191

**Ui&indnefs between you two muft be at my
•' Charge^ and I muft tell you, the Fear I have of
** it gives me much Trouble : I have Ipoken very
**plamly to him my Apprehcnfion in this Point,
*' within this Hour ; and He hath made as fair Pro-
** mifes to me as I can wifh ; and upon my Con-
** fcience I think He loves you, though He may
** fometimes provoke you to be angry."

The King here making a Paufe, the Chancel-
lor, out of Countenance, faid, " He was very for-
*^ ry, that He had ever given his Majefty any Oc-
" calion for fuch an Apprehcnfion ; but very glad,
" that He had vouchfaied to inform him of it •, be-
•*caufe He believed He Ihould give his Majefty
*' fuch Aflurance in that Particular, as would fully
" fatisfy him : He affured his Majefty, that He had
** a great Efteem of the Lord Colepepper-^ and though
*'He might have at fome Times Pdfions which
*^ were inconvenient. He was fo confident of him-
** felf that they Ihould not provoke or difturb
*' him, that He was well content, that his Majefty
^^ ftiould condemn, and think Him in the Faulty if
*• any Thing ihould fall out, of Prejudice to his
** Service, from a Difierence between them two.'*
With which his Majefty appeared abundantly fatif-
fied, and pleaied ; and embracing him, gave him
his Hand to kils; and He immediately went to
Horfe, and followed the Prince : And this was the
laft Time the Chancellor ever faw that gracious and
excdlent King.

It was upon the 4th of Marcb^ in the Year 1 644, ru OmuU
that the Prince parted from the King his Father, pj^^f^
He lodged that Night at Farringdon ; having made i^ Wcft?
his Journey thither, in one continued Storm of Rain, ^^^^^
. from the Minute He left Oxford: And from thence fytucwt.
went the next Day to the Garrifon of the Devizes i
and the third to the City of Baib', which being a
iafe Place, and within feven or eight Miles of Brif-

J 92

"the L I F E

PartHL

toly He (laid there two or three Days. And in this
Journey the Chancellor was firft aflaulted with the
Gout, having never had the leaft Apprehenfion of
it before ; but from his coming to Batby He was
not able to ftand; and fo went by Coach to BriJiol\
where in few Days He recovered that firft Lame-
neis,. which ever after afflidled him too often.
And fo the Year 1644 ended, which fhall conclude
this Part.

Montpdier^
6th November^

Thi?

( m )

The L I F E of

Edward Earl of C l a r e n d o n

From his Birth to the Reftoration of the
RoYAi. Family in the Year 1660.

PART the FQURTH.

9S) yi Very particular Mdmorial of all material
AA Affairs in the fVefi.^ during the fubfequenf
-^ -*- Year of 1645, durirtg; the Brincc'sRefidence
in the Weji — The State, and Temper of that Coun- .
try, after the Defeat of his Majefty's Army at Na/e-
hy — The feveral Plots and Devices of the Lord
Goring^ to get the Prince into his Power — The
Debauchery of that Army, and anaongft the Officers
of it ; and the Defeats it fuffered from the Enemy,
through that Debauchery — Gmn^'s Departure out
of the Kingdom ; and the Pofture He left his Army
in — The beating up of their Quarters afterwards —
The entering of Fairfax into. the PFeJt with his Ar-
my j and his'fudden taking the To.wns. there -r-
The mutinous Behaviour of Sir Richard Greenvil^
and the Quarrels, and Confiifts between the Troops
under his Command, with thofe under the Lord
Goring — The Prince's Retreat by Degrees back-
ward, into C^;/a;^//, as i^^/V/Ji;^ advanced — The fe-
veral Meffages, and Orders from the King, for the
tranfporting the Prince out of England y and all the;
ypl. L N Direc-

194 The I IF U of PartlV.

Direftions, and Refolutions thereupon ; and the fc-
veral Meflagcs from the Queen, and the Earl of
Sl Albans ; with the Afliirance of a Supply of fix
thoufand Foot, tinder the Command of Ruvignie^
promifed confidently to be landed vaCormvaBl with-
in one Month ; when there was not any fuch Thing
in Nature, nor one Campapy raifed, or Ship ia
Readinefs, or in View for fuch an Expedition, &c.
— The King's obliging the Lord Hopton^ to take
Charge of thofe broken and ^iflblute Troops— The
Commitment of Sir Richard dreemilj for not fub-
mitting to be commanded by him ; and for endea-
vouring to raife a Party in the Country, to treat
with the Entftny, for the Security and N^iifralify' of
Cornwall i and the Routing the Lord Hoptotfs
Troops at Torrington — The rrince's Retreat tnere-
. upon to Pendenms\ and the Fafttons, and Confpira-
des between fbme of his own Servants and (pxot
Gentlemen of the Country, to hindo* the Prince
from going out of the Kingdom ; and the Depar-
M his " " ' ' ^ ~ " " "~

ture of his Highnefs from Pendenmsy in the End of
that Year 1645, and his Arrival in the Ifland of
Scilfyj is contained in Papers, orderly and methodi-
cally fet down ; which Papers and Relatioa are
not now at Hand, but are fafe ; and will be eafily
found : Together with his Highnefs's Stay in thelw)
Ifland of SciSy: From whence, the next Day the
Lord Cal^q>per was dilpatched, with Letters to the
Queen, to Ajw, to give Notice of his Highnefs*s
being in that Ifland ; and to defire Money, Arms,
and Ammunition for the Defence thereof: And at
t^ lame Time another Veflel was fent into Ireland^
to give the Marquis of Ormond likewife Information
cf It; and to defire that two Companies of Foot
might be fent thither, to encreafe that Garrifon,
and to defend it in cafe the Enemy fliould attack it
-^His Highnels's Stay in Scilfy^ near fix Weeks;
until the Lords Cap^l and Shptm <:am£ tl^er;

afesr

Part IV. Edward Earl ^Clarendon. 195

after They had made Conditions for the dilbfanding
their Troops, with Fairfax ; which Goring* s Troops
inade it neceflary to do : They not only refiifing to
obey all Orders, but mingling every Day with the
Troops of the Enemy, and remaining quietly to-
gether in the fame Quarters, drinking and making
merry with each other — The Report of a Fleet de*
ligned from the Parliament for Scilhfy and thofe
Lords viewing the IJlandy and not looking upon it
as tenable, caufed a new Confultation to be held,
whether it were fit for his Highnefs to remain there
till the Return of the Lord CoUptpper^ or to remove
iboner ; and whither He Ihoufd remove ; the Fri-
gate which brought the Prince from Pendenms be-
ing ftill kept in a Rcadinefs at SciUy^ upon the Fore-
fi^t that his Remove might come to be neceflary
•^That upon this Confultation it was refolved, that
it would not be fafe for his Highnefs to remaxit
there ; but that He fhould tranfport himfelf from
thence into the Ifland of Jerfiy ; which was done
according — And his Highnefe's Arrival there a-
bout die faNTginning of Aprily 1645 — The Prince's
Reception in Jerfy^ by Sir George Carteret ; and the
Qniverfal Joy of the Ifland for his Arrival ; with the
Sittation and Strength of the Ifland —The Lord
DMfs Arrival in Jerfy^ with two Frigates from
SrSandy and with two hundred Soldiers ; having
been at Scilfy^ and there heard of his Highnefi^
Departure for Jerfey — His earneft Advice for the
Prince his going for Ireland 'y and, when He could
riot obtain his Highncfs's Confcnt till the Return
of the Lord CdepeppeTy His going to Paris to per-
ii^de the Queen, and to proteft againfl the Prince**
goinR for France^^ agsinft which He inveighed with
niore Paflion than any Man — The Arrival of Mr.
ftbof^fos Jtrm^n from Paris y with very pofitive Or-
daps^ for the Prince's Repair thither, from the Queen
•— Aod fhordy after, the Lord Cokpepptr^s Amval,
* N 2 who

196 ^ . The L I F E of Part IV.

who had been drlpatched frorn her Majefty to re-
turn to Scillyy before She knew of his Highnefs's
Remove from thence ; which Advertifement over-
took the Lord Colepepper at Havre de Grace^ after
He was embarked ; and fo He bent his Courfe thi-
ther, and had the fame Orders for the Pijince his
going to Paris^ as Mr. y^z/^'w had likewife brought.
There was none of the Council inclined that
his Highncfs, being in a. Place of unqueftionable
Safety, fliould fuddenly depart from thence ; till
the State and Condition in which his Majefty was,
and his Pleafure, might be known : It was then
underftood, that his Majefty had left Oxford^ and
was with the Scotijh Army before Newark ; which
He had caufed to be rendered, that the Army
might retire •, which it prefently did, and the King
in it, to Newcaftle: The Prince was yet in his Fa-
ther's Dominions •, fome Places in England ftill hold-
ing out, as Oxfordy IVorceJlery Pendennis^ and .other
Places ; that it would be eafy, in a flibrt Time, to
underftand the King*s Pleafure ; and that there could
be no Inconvenience, in expeding it, the Prince's
Perfon being in no poffible Dangsr : But that the
Mifchief might be very great, if without the King's
Diredtion it were done, whether his Majefty fliould('®®'
be well or ill treated by the Scots '^ and that the
Parliament might make it a new Matter of Re-
proach againft the King, that He had fent the Heir
Apparent of the Crown out of the Kingdom ; which
' . could be no otherwife excufed, at leaft by thofe who
attended him, than by evident and apparent Ne-
ceflity : Thofe Reafons appeared of fo much Weight
to the Prince himfelf ( who had not a natural Incli-
nation to go into France) and to all the Council,
that the Lord Capely and the Lord Colepepper were
defired to go to Parisy to fatisfy the Queen, why
the Prince had deferred yielding a prefent Obedi-
ence to her Command.

Thi

Part TV. Edward E^r/ ^Clarendon. 197

' The Treatment They received at Farts ; and
thefr Return again to Jerfey^ together with the Lord
Jermyn^^ and Lord Bigby^ and fome other Perlbns
of Quality : The Lord Bigby being to return to Ire-,
land^ with eight thoufand Piftoles, which the Car-
dinal fent towards the Supply of the King^s Service ,
there ; and being by it, and the Cardinal, fo through-
ly convinced of the Neceflity of the Prince's going
for France^ that He was more pofitive for it, than
any of the reft; and had promifed the Queen, that
He would convert the Chancellor, and make him
confent to it ; with whom He had a great Friend-
(hip — The Debate at Jerfey upon their coming
back — The Lord Capl adhering to his former
Opinion, that We might firft know the King's Opi-
nion -, towards the receiving of which. He had of-
fered the Queen, and now offered again, to go him-
felf to Newcajlle^ where the King ftill was ; Nobody
knowing what would be the Ifliie of the Controverfy
between the Scots and the Parliament ; and if the
King fhould diredl it, every Man would willingly
attend his Highncfs •, and punftually obferve what-
foever the King commanded ; And becaufe the Ob-
jection might be removed, of his being taken Pri-
Ibner by the Parliament, or his being not fuffered
by the Scots to fpeak with the King 5 He did offer,
and all who were of his Opinion confented to it,
that if He did not return to Jerfey^ within one
Month, the Prince fhould purfue the Queen's Or-
ders ; and every Man would attend his Highnefs
into France ; and a Month's Delay could be of no
ill Confequence — The Prince's Refolution to go
pfefently for Paris 'y — and the Reafons which moved
the Lords Capel and Hopton, and the ' Chancellor,
to excufe themfelves — and his Highnefs's Pemif-
fion to remain in Jerfey^ from whence They would
attend his Commands, when He had any Service
for them — And the fuddcn Rcfervednefs, and

N 3 Strang?-

198 the LIFE of . Part IV.

Strangcnefc that grew between thofe, who advifed
the going, and thofe who were for ftaying — - and
the Prince's embarking himfclf for France^ about
5^«^, in the Year 1646.

All thefe Particulars are fo exactly remembered
in thofe Papers remaning in a Cabinet eafy to be
found, that they will quickly be put into z, Method v
^d contain enough to be iniertcd in the Fourth Pa^
of this Relation.

MontpeUsTy
9th November^

N# B. Thefe Materials were afterwards made-Ufe
of by the Author, when He compleated the
Hiftory of the Rebellion^ where thefe Occurrence*
are treated of more at large^

The

( ^99 )

tlic L i F E of

£i> WARD^ Earl of Cl A r e n d on

Ffota his Birth to the Refloration of the
Royal Family in the Year i 660.

PART the FIFTH.

")A m AHE Prince having left Jerfiy^ about Jufyj neOanau
I in the Year 1646 ; the ChanceUor of the ^^l^,^
JL Exchequer remained there about two Years fiS^L
after ; where He prefently betook himfelf to his J*^
Study ; and enjoyed ( as He was wont to fay) the
l^reateft Tranquillity of Mind imaginable. Whilft
the Lords Capel and Hoptm ftaid there, They lived
and kept Houfe togetlwir in St. BiUarfs^ which is
the chidf Town of the Hland ; where having a Chap-
lain of their own, They had Prayers every Day in
die Church, at a Eleven of die Ckxrk in the Morn-
ing; till which Hour They enjoyed themfelves iit
their Chambers, according as They thought fit;
the ChanceUor betaking himfelf to the Continuance?
«f the Hiftbry, which He had begun at Sdlly^ and!
^nding moft of his Time at that Exercife. The
<^her two walked, or rode abroad, or read, as They
*crc dxipofed ; but at the Hour of Prayers The/
always met ; and then dined together at the Lord
Hoptoffi Lodging, which was the bed Houfe 5
They being lod^ at federal Houfcs, with Conve-
. N 4 nienjcc

200 The LIFM' of PartV.

nience enough. Their Table was maintained at
, their joint Expenfe, only for Dinners j They never
« ufmg to fup ; but met always upon the Sands in
the Evening to walk, often going to the Caftle to
Sir G^^r^^ C^r/^^/; who treated, thqm with extra-
ordinary Kindnefs and Civility, and fpent much
Time with them ; and in Truth,. the whole Ifland
fhewed great AfFedlion to ttiem, and vail the Perfons
of Quality invited them to their Houfes, to very
gpod Entertainments ; and all othpr Ways ?exprefled
great Efteem towards them. . _ . ;

He writes A N D fronl hcncc Thcy writ a joint Letter' to the
f^t""'''' ^^"S^ which They Tent to him by Mr. Fan/haw^
"^' in which They made great Profeflion of their Duty
to his Majefty,- and their -Rcadinefs to proceed in
his Service •, and to wait upon the Prince upon the
firft Occafion -, with fuch Reafons for their not at-
tending him into France, 2is They thought could-
not but be fatisfaftory to his Majefty ; declaritig,
that They had only defired that He would ftay To
long in a Place of his own, of unqueftiohable ;Se-'.
curity, as that They might receive the Signification
of his Majefly's Pleafure for his Remove ;'? upon
^ which They were all refolved to. have waitsedupon
him : Though it was evident enough to them, that(ioa
their Advice would be no longer hearkened unto,
after his Highnefs fhould arrive with the Queen.

In England j Men's Hopes and Fears were raifed
according to their Tempers j for there was Argu-
ment for both AfFeftions in the Tranfadions, and
Occurrences of every Day ; it being no eafy Matter, •.
to make a Judgment which Party- would prevail ; .
not what Thcy would do, if They did. The Lord :
Capel received Advice froni his Friends in Englandy^
to remove from Jerfey into .fome Part of the Umted
Provinces: That fo being in a Place to which there ^
could be no Prejudice, his Friends might the more.
hopefully Iblicit for Liberty for him to return into '

his

PartV. Edward E^zr/^ CtARENDON. 201.

his own Country, and that He might live in his
own Houfe; which They had Reafon to hope
would not be denied to a Perfon who had many
Friends, and could not be conceived to havfe any
Enemies; his Perfon being worthily eifteemed by
all. Whereupon, with the fiiU Concurrence and-
Advice of his two Friends from whom He had great
Tendemefs to part, and with whom He renewed
his Contract of Friendlhip at parting in a particular
Manner, upon Forefight of what might happen.
He went from thence, and firft waited upon the
Prince at PariSy that He might have his Royal
Highnefs's Approbation for his Return into Eng-
landy if He might do it upon honourable Condi-
tions : And from thence, with all poflible Demon-
ftration of Grace from the Prince, He tranfported
himfelf to Mddleburgh in Zealand ; where He re-
mained till hii Friends procured Liberty for him to
return, and remain at his own Houfe. The worthy
and noble Things He did after, deferve to be tranl-
mitted to Pofterity, in fonae more illuftrious Tefti-
mony, that may be worthy to be recorded.

Tjhb Lord Cafel thus leaving Jerfey^ the Lord
Hopton and the Chancellor remained ftill there, in *
the fame Conjunftion, until, fome few Months af-
ter, the Lord Hopton received the News of the.
Death of his Wife, and of the Arrival in France of
his Uncle, Sir Arthur Hopton \ who having been-
Ambafladour from the King in Spain^ had left that
Court, and retired to Paris % from whence He fhort-
ly after removed to Roiien^ with a Purpofe, as foon
as He had at large conferred with his Nephew, to
go into England^ for the Good and Benefit of both
their Fortunes : And upon this Occafion, the Lord
fli^^ likewife left Jerf^y with all pdffible Pro-'
feffiop of an entire Friendlhip to the Chancellor,
which was never violated in the leaft Degree to his
Peath. And the Chancellor being thus left alone.

He

20Z The L I F E of ' PartV.

And removes Hc WES, ^ith grcEt CiviUty and Friendfliip, invited
cartw^^ by Sir George Carteret to remove from the Town
(where He had lived with his Friends till then) and
to live with him in the Caftle EHzaitth ; wWther
He went, the next Day after the Departure 6f the
Lord Hopton^ and remained there to his wonderfiil
Contentment, in the very cheerful Society of Sir
Giorge Carteret' zxid his J-/ady \ in whofe Houfe Hc
received all the Liberty, arid Entertainment He
could have expefted in his own Family ; of which
He always retained fo juft a Memory, that therd
was never any Intermiflion, or Decay, of that Friend-
fhip Hc then made : And He remained there, till
He was lent for again to attend the Prince, which
will be mentioned in its Time.

He built a Lodging in the Caftle, of two otr three
convenient Rooms, to the Wall of the Churchy
which Sir George Carteret had repaired, and beauti-
fied ; and over the Door of his Lodging He fet up
his Arms, with this Infcription, Bene Vimty qui bene
iMuit : And He always took Pleafurc in relating,
with what great Tranquillity of Spirit ( though de-
prived of the Joy He took in his Wife and Chil-
dren) He fpent his Time here, amongft hjts Books<K^
(which He got from P^m> and his Papers j between
jnmiBM which He feldom fpent lefs than ten Hours in the
H^^r^^ Day ; and it can hardly be believed how much He
theTrott- read, and writ there ; infomuch as He did uiually
*^* compute, that during his whole Stay in Jerjey^ which

was fome Months above two Years, He writ daily
little lefs than one Sheet of large Paper, with his
awn Hand ; moft of which are ftiU to be fcen ar
mongft his Papers.

From Hampton Courts his Majefty writ to die
Chancellor of the Exchequer with his own Haivd j
in which He took Notice that H« was Writing the
Htfiory of the late troublesy for which He thanked
h^m, faying, that He knew no Maa could do it ib

well J

Part Vi Edward Earl gjTCxARENDON. 203

well ; and that He would not do it the worfe, by
the Helps that He would very fpeedily fend him Tmirdt
(^s his Majefty fliortly after did, in two Manufcripts ]^^
very fairly written, containing all Matters of 1^"*^^^^^
portance, that had paflcd from the Time that the^ofth/
Prince of Wales went from his Majefty into ^^^^^
IVefty to the very Time that his Majefty himfelf '^ *
wait from Oxford to the Scotijb Army; which
were all the Paiikges in the Years 1 645, and 1 646):
He uied many gracious Expreflions in that Letter
to him ; and faid. He looked upon him as one of
thole who had ferved him with moft Fidelity, and
therefore He might be confident of his Kindneis ;
and that He would bring him to him with the firft ;
though He faid. He did not hold him to be Infalli-
ble, as He might difeem by what He had com-
manded Dr. Sheldon^ who was then Clerk of his
Cloiet, to write to him ; and at the fame Time the
Doctor writ him Word, that the King was forry
l^t He, the Chancellor, ftaid at Jerfy^ and did
not attend the Prince into France \ and that if He
had been there. He would have been able to have
prevented the Vexation his Majefty had endured at
Newcaftle^ by Mefiages from Paris.

Thb Doctor likewife fent him Word, that great
Pwis had been taken from Parisy to incenfe the
King againft him ; but that it had (o little prevailed,
that his Majefty had with fome Sharpnefs reprehend*
ed thofe who blamed him, and had juftified the
Chancellor. He made hafte to anfwer his Majefty's
Letter^ and gave him fo much Satisfadion, that bis
I^jefl^ faid. He was too hard for him. And about,
the fame Time the Lord Capel came into England i
and though He was under Security to the Parlia-
naenf for behaving himfelf. peaceably. He was not
reftiained from feeing the King *, and {o gave him
a very particular Information of all that had pafled
at Jerfey^ 9fA many other Things, of which his

Majefty

204 The LIFE of ' PartV.

Majefty had never been informed before-, which
• put it out of any Body's Power to make any ill Im-
. preflions towards the Chancellor.

. U p o N the King's refufing to give his Aflent
to the four Ads, fent to him from the Parliament,
when He was in the Ifle of PFi^bt^ They voted,
tha( no more Addnjjes Jhould he made to the King -,
and publifhed a Declaration to that Effeft, which
contained fevere Charges againft his Majefty. Fid.
Hi/}. Reb. Fol. Vol. 3. P. 67, ^c.

^e Chancel- Th e' Chancellor of the Exchequer no fboner re-
J>efJrLrit'ei ceivcd 2l Copy of it in Jerfey^ than He prepared a
4indpubiijbes very large and full Anfwer to it; in which He made
XpiSr-'^'the Malice and the Treafon of that libellous De-
^^o'fff' ^^^^^^^^" ^^ appear, and his M^efty's Innocence in
I'^To/Feb. all th« Particulars charged upon him,-' with fuch
»%• pathetical Applications and Infinuations, as were
moft like to work upon the Affeftioris of the Peo-
ple : All which was tranfniitted ( by the Care of
Mr. Secretary Nicholas^ who refided at Caen in Nor-
mandy^ and held a conftant Correfpondence with the
Chancellor) to a trufty Hand in London ; who caufed
it to be well printed, and divulged, and found
Means to fend it to the King : Who, after He had(^°*'
read it, faid He durft fwear it was writ by the Chan-
cellor, if it were not that there Was more Divinity
in it, than He expefted from him, which made
him believe He had conferred with Dr. Steward.
But fome Months after, being informed by Secre-
tary Nicholas^ He fent the Chancellor Thanks for
it ; arid expreffed, upon all Occafions, that He was
inuch pleafed with that Vindication.

The Lord Capel had written to the Chancellor
of the Exchequer, who remained ftill in Jerfejy
lignifying the King's Commands, that as foon as
the Chancellor Ihould be required to wait upon

the

PartV. EDWARD.E/3fr/ ^Clarendon. , 205

the Prince, He fhould without Delay obey the
Summons. The King had writ to the Queen,
that when it fhould be neceflary for the Prince to
remove out of France^ the Chancellor fhould have
Notice of it, and be required to attend him.
About the beginning of Jprily in the Year 1648,

- the Xjord Capel writ again to the Chancellor, giv-
ing him Notice, that He would probably be fent
for fbon, and defiririg him to be ready. About
the Middle of A%, the Queen fent to the Chan*
cellor of the Exchequer to J^fey^ commanding,
that He would wait upon the Prmce at Paris^
upon a Day that was pafl before the Letter came
to his Hands ; but as fbon as He received the

, Summons, He immediately tranfportcd himfelf
into Normandy^ and went. to Caen'j from thence

. He haflened to Roueriy where He found the Lord
Cottingtofiy the Earl of Briftolj and Secretary iW-
tholas, who had received the fame Commands.

. They were informed that the Prince was pafled
by towards CalaiSy and Diredion.was fent, that
the Chancellor and the reft fhould flay, at Rouen^
till They fhould receive new Orders from Calais.
Within few Days They received Advice, that the
Prince had put himfelf on board a Ship that He
found at Calais bound for Holland^ where They
were to hear from him-, whereupon They re-
moved from RoHen to Dieppe ; from whence They
might embark for Holland when required.: Fid.
H0. Rel^. Fol Vol. 3. P. 102, £s?f

After the Lord CoUington, the Earl of Briftol^
and the Chancellor of the Exchequer had flaid at
Dieppe fome Diays, and were confirmed, by Reports
every Day, that the Prince was in Holland^ and
that the Fleet wanted fome Provifions, without
which it could not put out to Sea ; They refolved
to make Ufe of the firft VefTel, of which there were

many

jo6 "The LIFE of PartV,

xniny then in the Harbour, that Ihould be bound
for Holland^ and to traniport themfelves thkher;
and there was one which within two or three Days
would fet out for Fli^fig. The Earl of Bri/lol had
no Mind to venture himfelf in fuch a Veffel, and
Jincc the Fleet that had declared for the King was
then in Holland^ He apprehended that the Parlia-
ment might have other Veffels abroad, that might
eafily feize upon thlit fmall Bark ^ and fo after fome
Debate with the Lord Cottington ( They two being
feldom of one Mind) the Earl refolved to return
to his old Habitation at Caen^ and expeft another
Occafion.

T H 1 Chancellor, who knew nothing of the Sea,
nor mderftood the Hazards thereof (being atways-
fe afflicted upon that Element with Sicknefs, that
He confidered nothing about it, and holding him-
fl0 obliged to make what I^fte He could to the
Prince) committed himfelf entirely to the Lord O/-
th^tm: And when They refolved to embark thcni-
fbives in the Vef&l bound for Flujhingy a French
Man of War, which was called the King's Ship,
came into the Road of Di^pe^ and olBfered to carry
them the next Day to Bmddrk •, which They took
to be the &fer Paffiikge : And fo giving the C^tain(toj
rbiOaneei' a$ much Money as He demanded, They put them-
Wjj^*- ielves VBgon his miicrable Frigate, where They had
'hsrhj^ no Accommodations, but the open Deck y and were
^^»^^- fifely fet on Shore at Du^rk, where Marfh^ Rata-
zaw was then Govcrhoun And They no IboBcr
- landed in the Evening, but Carteret^ a Servant of
tlic prince's, came to them, and informed thenv
Aat the Prince was entered the River of Tbami$
. with the Fleet ; and that He was fent by his High-,
nefs to the Marfhal for a Frigate, which He bad
offered to lend the Prince : And that He had de-
livered the Letter, .and the Marlhal (who had bccn^
Qut aU the Night before upon a Defign upon the

Enemy,

PartV. EDWARbJEtfr/g/* Clarendon. 207

Enemy, and was hewly arrived, and gone to Bed)
had promiied him that the Frigate fhould be ready
the next Day. This feemed an extraordinary good
Fortune to them, thiit They might now embark
directly for the Fleet, without going into H^lland^
which They were willing to avoid 5 and fo refolved
to ^^eak with the M arjEhal as ibon as They could^
that They might be confirmed by him, that his
Frigate ihould be ready the next Day ; and there-
upon fent a Servant to wait at the Marfhal*s Lodg-
ing, that They might know when He waked, and
was to be i|)oken with.

The Marlhal had Notice of their Arrival beford
the Servant came to him, and of their Defire to go
to the Prince ; »id fent one of his Officers to weK
eome them to the Town, and to fee them well ac<-
Gommodated with Lodging ; and to excufe him,^
that He did not wait upon them that Night, hf
Reaibn of the Fatigue He had undergone the Night
before, and that Day ; and to oblige them to dine
with him the next Day, againft wnich Time the
Vefiet would be made ready to receive them, and
tranlport them to the Prince's Fieetj widi which
They were abundantly fatisfied, and betook them*
felves to their Reft for that Night : And were ear-
ly up the next Morning to fee the Marihal ; but it
was late before He rde.

H E received them with great Civility, being a
very proper Man, of a moft extraordinary Prefence
and Alpeft, an4 might well be reckoned a very
handfome Man, though He had but one Leg, one
Hand, one Eye, and one Ear, the other being cut
ojff with that Sde of his Face ; befides many other
Guts on the other Cheek, and upon his Head, with
many Wounds in the Body ; notwithftanding all
which. He ftood very upright, and had a very
graceful Motion, a clear Voice, and a charming '
Delivery-, and if He had not, according to the

Cuftom

2p8 fbe:L IF E tf PartV.

Cuftom of his Nsition (for He was a German) too
much indulged to the Excefs of Wine, He had been
cme of the moft excellent Captains of that Age. He
prpfeffed great Afife6Hon to the Prince, and much
commanded the. Frigate He intended to fend to
him J which for- the Swiftnefs of it was called the
Hare, and out failed, as He faid, all the Veflels of
that Coaft ; and after He had treated them with a
. very excellent and a jovial Dinner, about Four of
Andfrm the Clock in the Afternoon, He brought them to
^^f^^^ their Boat, th^t put them on board their Frigate;
¥Ua. which was but a fmall Veffel of twenty Guns, much
inferidUr to wh^t They expeded, by the Defcrip-
tion the Marfhal had made of it. However, it wals
very proper for th^ Ufe They were to make of it,
to. be delivered ^t the Fleet •,. and fo, the Moon
flaining very fair. They weighed Anchor about Sun
fcr, with a very fmall Gale of Wind.
: T H E Prince being Mafter at Sea, They had no
^ Hian/ier of Apprehenfion. of an Enemy ; not knqw-.
ing, or confidering, that They were very near Ofiendy
and fo, in RefpecS; of the Veflel They were in, liable
to be made. a Prize. by thofe Men of War ; as it fell
out: For about Break of Day, in a dead Calm,(io<
. They fourtd themfelves purfued by fix or feven
Ships, which, ^s They: drew nearer, were known
by the Seamen to be the Frigates of Ojiend. There
was no Hope to efcape by the Swiftnefs of the
Veflel, for there was not the leaifl: Breath of Wind;,
and it was to no Purpofe to refift ; for befides that
the Veflel was not. half manned, four or five of
the Purfuers were fl:ronger Ships ; fo that it was
thought beft to let the Sails fall, that They might
fee there was no Purpofe. of Refiftance, and to fend
Carteret in the Boat, to inform the Ships who the
Perfons were, that were on Board, and that They
had a Pafs from the Arch-Dul^ ; for an authentick
Copy of a Pafs the Arch-Di;ke had fent to the.

Prince,

Part V. Edward Earl gf Clarendon. 209

Prince, had been fent to them. All the Ships,
though They had the King of Sfairfs Commiflion,
were Free-booters, belonging to private Owners,
who obferved no Rules or Laws of Nations ; but
They boarded the Veflel, with their Swords drawn Byth taken
and Piftols cocked, and without any Diftinftion, ^^^""
plundered all the Paflengers with equal Rudenefs, ofttndi
lave that They ftripped fome of the Servants to
their very Shirts ; They ufed not the reft with that
Barbarity, being fatisfied with taking all They had
in their Pocket;s, and carefully examined all their
Valifes^ and Trunks, in which They found good
Booty.

Th-e Lord Cottington loft, in Money and Jewels,
above one thoufand Pounds ; the Chancellor, in
Money, about two hundred Pounds, and all his
Cloaths and Linen; and Sir George Ratcliffe and
Mr. Wansfordj who were in the Company, above
five hundred Pounds in Money and Jewels. And
having pillaged them in this Manner, They carried andcamtim
them all, with the Frigate They had been in, prf,'*^^*^*
fbners to Oftend-y where They arrived about Two
of the Clock in the Afternoon 5 all the Men and
Women of the Town being gathered together to
behold the Prize that was. brought in within fo few
Hours ; for Intelligence had been fent from JD«»-
kirky the Night before (according to the Cuftom
and good Intelligence obferved in thofe Places) of
the going out of this Veflel, which had fuch Per-
fons on Board. When They were on Shore, They
were carried, through all the Speftators, to a com-
mon Inn 5 from whence They fent to the Magis-
trates, to inform them of what Condition They
were, and of the Injui-ies They had received, by
having been treated as Enemies ; and demanded
Reftitution of Ship, and Goods.

The Magiftrates, who were called the Lords of
the Admiralty, came prcfently to them, and when

Vol. I. O They

?ii2 rije L 1 F E of PartV-

return in the Afternoon ; and direfted the Ships
. to be drawn nearer together, to the End They
might vifit them together -, and They did return
in the Afternoon, accompanied as before, but their
Reception by the Seamen was not as in the Morn-
ing. The Captains anfwered thofe Queftions, which
were afked of them, negligently and fcornfully;
and thofe Seamen who had been fearched in the
Morning, and were appointed to be produced
in the Afternoon to be further examined, could
hot be found -, and inftead of bringing the Ships
hearer together, fome of them were gone more
out to Sea, and the reft declared, that They
^ould go* all out to Sea that Night ; and when '
the ' Magiftrates feemed to threaten them. They
iwore They would throw both them, and all who
came with them, over Board, and offered to lay
Hands upon them in Order to it; fo that They
were all glad to get off; and returned to the
Town, talking loud what Vengeance They would
take upon the Captains and Seamen when They
returned again into Port (for They already ftood
put to Sea in their Sight) and in the mean Time
They would profecute the Owners of the Veflcls,
who Ihould fatisfy for the Damage received; but
from this Time, the Governour, nor the Lords (loS
of the Admiralty cared to come near them : And
They quickly found that the Reafon of all the
Governour's Civility the firft Night, and the many
(^eftions He had afked concerning all the Par-
ticulars They had loft, of any Kind, was only to
be the better informed, to demand his Share from
the Seamen ; and that the Lords of the Admiralty
were the Owners of the feveral Veflels, or had
Shares in them, and in the yiftualling, and fo
were to divide the Spoil, which They pretended
Butammt ftiould be reftorcd. So that after They had re-
mained there four or five DayS) They were con-
tented

^tain it.

PartV. Edward E^r/ o/Clarendon. 213

tented to receive one hundred Piftoles for dilcharg-
ing the Debts They had contrafted in the Town
( for there was not any Money left amongft them )
and to carry them to the Prince, which thofe
of the Admiralty pretended to have received from
fome of the Owners, and to wait for farther Juf-
tice, wheh the Ships fhould return, which They
doubted not fliould be effeftually called for, by
the Commands of the Arjch-Duke, when He fhould
be informed ; And fo They profecuted their Jour-
ney to the Prince, making their Way by Bruges^
and from thence by the Way of Sluys to Flujh'-
ing ; and thofe hundred Piftoles were the only
Recompence that They ever received for that Af-
front and Damage They had fuftained, which in
the whole amounted to two thoufand Pounds at
the leaft; though the King's Refident De-Vic at
Brujfels profecuted the Pretence with the Arch-
Duke, as long as there was any Hope.

The Chancellor was often ufed to relate an
Obfervation that was generally made and dif-
courfed at Oftendj at that Time, that never any
Man who adventured in fetting out thofe Frigates
of Rapine, which are caUed Men of War, or in
viftuaUing, or bearing any Share in them, died
rich, or poflefled of any valuable Eftate : And that
as He walked one Morning about the Town, and
upon the Quay, with an Englijh Officer, who was
a Lieutenant in that Garrifon, They faw a poor
old Man walk by them, whom the Lieutenant
defired the Chancellor to obferve ; and when He
was pafled by. He told him, that He had known
that Man the richeft of any Man in the Town ;
that He had been the Owner of above ten Ships
of War at one Time, without any Partner or
Sharer with him ; that He had had in his Ware-
houfes in the Town, as much Goods, and Mer-
chandife together, as iimounted to the Value of .

O 3 one •

9J4 ' He % I F E of PartV.

one hundred thoufand Pounds, within feven Years
before the Time -He was then fpeaking ; and after
the Lofs of two or three Frigates, He infenfibly
decayed fo faft, that having begun to bgil4 ano-
ther Frigate, which He fhewed him as They walk-
ed, and which lay then not half finiflied. He was
not able to go through with it ; and that He was
at that Time fo poor, that He had not wherewith
to maintain him, but received the Charity of thofe
who had known him in a plentiful Eftate : An4
^his Relation He made in Confirmation of that
Difcourfe and Obfervation ; a,nd it made fo deep
an Impreffion upon the Chancelbr, that afterwards,
when the War was between England^ and Holland^
and France^ and when many Gentlemen thought
it good Hu(bandry to adventure in the fetting
put fuch Ships of War, He always difluaded his
Friends from that Traffick, relating to them this
Story, of the Ttuth whereof He had fuch .Evi-
dence 5 and did in Truth moreover in his own
Judgment, believe, that all Engagements gf th^t
Kind were contrary to the Rules of JufticCj; ^d 4
good Confcience.
fUt!^to When They came to FUjfhing^ They thought
Fiuihingj j^. i^^^ ^^ fj^y ^Yitrt, as the moil likely Place to
have Commerce with the Fleet ; and Thdy found
there Colonel William Vavafaur^ who had by the
Prince's Commiflion drawn fome Companies of
Foot together, and expe<5ted fome Veflel to be (109)
fent from the Fleet, for their Tranfportatjon ; and
Carteret was already difpatched, to inform the
, Prince of what had befallen the Treafurer and
Chancellor, and that They waited his Commands
|U Flujhing: And htQ2i\jSk AGddleburgb wouFd be
us convenient to receive Intelligence, and more
fremtbem convcnlcnt for their Accommodation, They remov-^
t^hf^' ^ thither, and took a private Lodging; where,
' bjr having a. Cook, and other S^ rvaqts^ They might

make

Part V. Edward Earl ^/'Clarendon. 215'

make their own Provifions. They had been at
ACddleburgb very few Days, before the Hind Fri-
gate was fent by the Prince to bring them to the
Fleet 5 with Diredion that They fhould make as
much Hafte as was poffible ; and They had no
Occafion to delay ; bvit the Wind was fo diredly
againft them for two or three Days, that They
could not put themfelves on Board. It was now smharksto
about the Middle of Jufy^ when the Wind ap- p^^f/^^»
peared fair, and They prefently embarked zndRh^iy
weighed Anchor, and failed all the Night; butT^^>^
in the Morning the Wind changed, and blew fo tad.
hard a Gale, that They were compelled to turn
about, and came before Night again to FluJIoing ;
whence They endeavoured three Times more to
get into the Downs, from whence They might
ealily have got to the Fleet ; but as often as They
put to Sea, fo often They were driven back ; and
once with fo violent a Storm, that their Ship was
in Danger, and was driven in under the Rame--
Jtins, a Fort near the Mouth of the River that
goe? to AUddleburgh j whither They again repair-
ed : And the Winds were fo long contrary, that
They received Order from the Prince to repair
into Holland ; for that his Highnefs refolved with-
in very few Days, it being now towards the End
4)f Auguft^ to carry the Fleet thither -, as He fliort-
ly after did. And by this Means, the Lord Cot-
tingten and the Chancellor were not able to attend
the Prince, whilft He remained with the Fleet
within the River of Thames ; but were well inform-
ed, when they came to him, of all that had paffed
there.

The Lord Cettington and the Chancellor of the
Exchequer, as foon as They received Advertife-
ment at Middkburgb^ that the Prince refolved to
return with the Fleet into Holland^ made all ihtAriwttn
Haftc They could to the Hague^ it being then'^"*8»c.

O 4 about

2i6 rhe L I F E of PartV.

about the End of Augufi \ and came thither within
one Day after the Prince's Arrival there.

The next Morning after the Lord CoUington
and the Chancellor of the Exchequer came to
the Hagucy the Prince appointed his Council to
meet together, to receive and deliberate upon a
Meflage the Lord Lautherdde had brought him
from the Parliament of Scotland^ earneftly preff-
ing him to repair forthwith to their Army,
which was already entered into England^ un-
der the Command of the Duke of Hamilton —
The Chancellor reproves the Lord Lautherdale
for his infolent Behaviour before the Council
Vid. Hiji, of the Rei. Folio, Vol. 3. P. 129,
130, ^r. . ^ ^

The Faftions in the Prince's Family, and the
great Animofity which Prince Rupert had againft
the Lord Colepepperj infinhtly difturbed the Coun-
fels -, and perplexed the Lord Cottington and the
Chancellor of the Exchequer — Colepepper had
Pafjions and Infirmities which no Friends could
reftrain ; and Prince Rnpertj though very well
inclined to the Chancellor, was abfolutely go-;
verned by Herbert the Attorney General, who
induftrioufly cultivated his Prejudice to Cole-
pepper ~ Hiji, of the Reb. Fplio^ Vol. 3. P
J49, £s?r.

Whilst the Prince Was at the Hague^ He
received the fhocking Account of the Murder
of the King his Father; and foon after, the
Queen wrote to him from Parh^ adviflng him(«»)
to repair into France^ as foon as poflible ; and
defiring him not to fwejir any Perlons to be of
his Council, till She cquld fpeak with him : But
before He received her Letter, He had already
i caufed thofe of his Father's Council, who had long

attended him, to be fworn of his Privy Council ;

adding

PartV. Edward £^r/ ^Clarendon. 21;

adding only Mn Long his Secretary. He had
no Mind to go into France ; and it was evident
that He could not be long able to refide at the
HaguCy an Agent from the Parliament being .
there at that very Time; fo that it was Time to
think of fome other Retreat. Ireland was then
thought moft advifeable ; fome favourable Ac-
counts, having been received from thence of
the Tranfaftions of the Marquis of Ormond and
Lord Inchiquin, and of the Arrival of Prince Ru- •
pert at Kin/ale with the Fleet. Hijt. of the Reb.
Folio, Vol. 3. P. 216.

The Chancellor of the Exchequer was fent
to confer with the Marquis of Montrofe in a
Village near the Hague^ upon the State of Af-
fairs m Scotland. The Marquis came now into
Holland to offer his Service to his Majefty ; ex-
pefting that He would pr^fently fend him to
Scotland with fome Forces, to prepare the Way
for his Majefty to follow after. Hiji. of the Reb.
Folio, Vol. 3. P. 223, ^c.

The King declared his Refolution of going
into Ireland^ and Preparations were made for
that Expedition ; which however, from Acci-
dents that afterwards fell out, did not take Ef-
fedt. The Lord Cottington^ wifhing to avoid the
Fatigue of fuch Expeditions, took that Occafion
to confer with the Chancellor of the Exchequer,
upon the Expediency of the King*s fending an
Embafly into Spain ; and propofed that himfelf
and the Chancellor fhould be appointed Anibaf-
fadours to that Court, to which the Chancellor
confented ; and upon the Lord Cottington's Re-
prefentation of the Matter to the King, his Ma-
jefty foon after publickly declared his Refolution
to lend thofe Two, Ambafladours Extrordinary
into ^mn. Hift. of the Reb. Folio, Vol. 3. P.

This

2i8 lie L I F E of PartV.

ruMurmun This WES HO fooncr known, but all kind of
M%^ People, who agreed in nothing elfe, murmured
a/>f>6int€d grid complained of this Counfel ; and the more,
tos^!^ bccaufe it had never been mentioned, or debated
in Council. Only the Scots were very glad of it
{Montrofe excepted) believing that when the Chan-
cellor was gone, their beloved Covenant would not
be fo irreverendy mentioned, and that the King
would be wrought upon to withdraw all Counte-
nance and Favour from the Marquis of Montrofe \
and the Marquis himfelf looked upon it as a de-
ferting him, and complying with the other Party ;
and from tliat Time, though They lived with Ci-
vility towards each other, He withdrew very much
of his Confidence, which He had formerly repofcd
in him. They who loved him were forry for him,
and themfelves ; They thought He deierted a Path
He had long trod, and was well acquainted with ;
and was henceforward to move e:xtra Spb^eram ASli-
vitatfSy in an Office He had not been acquainted
with •, and then They Ibould want his Credit to
fupport, and confirm them in the King's Favour
and Grace : And there were manv who were very
forry when They heard it, out or particular Duty
to the King-, who being young. They thought
might be without that Counfel, and Advertifement,
which They knew well He would ftill adniinifter
to him.

No Man was more angry, and offended with
the Counfel than the Lord Colepepper ; who would
have been very glad to have gone himfelf m the
Employment, if He could have perfuaded the Lord
Cottington to have accepted his. Company, which (i»)
He would by no Means do ; and though He and
the Chancellor were not thought to have the
greateft Kindnefs for each other, yet He knew He
could agree with no other Man fo well jiyBblinefs -,
and was very unwilling He Ihould be^fom the

Perfon

Part V. Edward Earl of Clarendon. 219

Perfon of the King. But the Chancellor himfelf, ^]'^^'
from the Time that the King had fignified his ^J
own Pleafure to him, was exceedingly pleafed with
the Commiffion ; and did believe that He fhoiild
in fome Degree improve his Underftanding, and
very much refrefli his Spirits, by what He (hould
learn by the one^ and by his Abfence from being
continually eonvcrfant with thofe Wants which
could never be fevered from that Court, and that
Company which would be always corrupted by
thofe Wants. And fo He fent for his Wife and
Children, to meet him at Antwerp^ where He in-
tended They fhould refide whilft He continued in
SpaiUy and where They were like to find fome Ci-
vilities in Refpedt of his Employment.

The Ambaffadours took Leave of the King
before the Middle of May^ and went to Ant-
werp^ where the Chancelloi^s Wife and Family
were arrived, who were to remain there during
his Embafly — After (laying two or three Days
at 4^twerpj They went to Brujfels^ to deliver
their Credentials to the Arch-Duke, and to the
Duke of Lorraine^ and to vifit the Spanijh Mi-
• nifters there, 6fr. Hift. of the Reb. Folio, Vol. 3.
P. 240.

When the Ambaffadours had difpatched all
their Bufinefs at Bruffds^ They returned to Ant-
wefpy to negotiate the Remittance of their Mo-
ney to Madrid. Hift. of the Reb. Folio, Vol. 3.
P. 242.

The Queen is much difpleafed, that the King
had taken any Refolutions, before She was con-
fulted, and imputed all that had been done

{principally to the Chancellor of the Exchequer ;
iifpeding He meant to ejcclude her from med-
dling in the Affairs. Hift. of the Reb. Folio, Vol.

3. P. ?4?-

Lord

22a The LIFE of PartV.

Lord Cottington and the Chancellor, hear-
ing that the King was on his Way to France^
refolve to defer going to St. Germains^ till the
King's firft Interview with the Queen fhould be
over.

About a Week after the King left Brujfelsj
the two Ambafladours profecuted their Journey
to Paris ; ftaid only one Day there \ and then
went to St. Germainsy where the King, and the
Queen his Mother, with both their Families,
and the Duke of Tork then were — They found
that Court full of Jealoufy, and Diforder —
The Queen much troubled at the King's Be-
haviour to her, as if He had no Mind that
She fhould interfere in his Affairs — She now
attributes this Refervednefs of the King towards
her, more . to the Influence of fonie Body elfe,
than to the Chancellor of the Exchequer — He
had a private Audience of the Queen — She
complained of the King's Unkindnefs to her,
and of the great Credit Mr. Elliot ( one of his
Majefly's Grooms of the Bedchamber) had with
the King. Hiji. cf the Reb. Folio, Vol. 3. R
243, ^c.

About the Middle of September ^ the King
left St. Germains^ and began his Journey to-
wards Jerfey^ and the Queen removed to Pa-
ris — The two AmbafTadours attended her Ma-
jefly thither, and prepared for their Journey
into Spain. Hift. of the Reb. Folio, Vol. 3. P.
252.

^i5r" " D u R I N G the Time of their fhort Stay at Paris^

hitgJ^^ the Queen ufed the Chancellor very gracioufly ; but

Spain. ftiu exprefTed Trouble that He was fent on' that

EmbafTy, which She faid, would be fruitlefs, as to

any Advantage the King would receive from it;

and She laid, She muft confefs, that though She

was

PartV. Edward £<zr/ 2/* Clarendon. aai

r4)was not confident of his AfFediion and Kindnefs to-
wards her, yet She believed that He did wifh that
the King's Carriage towards her (hould be always
lair and refpeftful ; and that She did defire that
He might be always about his Majefly's Perfon ;
not only becaufe She thought He underftood the
Bufinefs of England better than any Body elfe, but
becaufe She knew that He loved the King, and
would always give him good Counfel, towards his
living virtuoufly, and that She thought He had
more Credit with him, than any other, who would
deal plainly and honeftly with him.

There was a Paflage at that Time, of which
He ufed to fpeak often, and looked upon as a
great Honour to him : The Queen one Day a-
mongft fome of her Ladies, in whom She had moft
Confidence, expreffed fome Sharpnefs towards a
Lord of the King's Council, whorti She named not,
who She' faid, always gave her the faireft Words,
and promifed her every Thing She defired, and
had perfuaded her to affeft fbmewhat that She had
before no Mind to ; and yet She was well affured,
that when the fame was propofed to the King on
her Behalf, He was the only Man who diffuaded
the King from granting it. Some of the Ladies
feemed to have the Curiofity to know who it was,
which the Queen would not tell ; one of them who
was known to have a Friendfliip for him, faid. She 7bi Queen's
hoped it was not the Chancellor -, to which her S/ ^
Majefty replied with fome Quicknefs, that She
might be fure it was not He, who was fo far from
making Promifes, or giving fair Words, and flat-
tering her, that She did verily believe, that // He
thought her to be a Whore^ He would tell her of it \
Vhich when that Lady told him. He was not dif-
plcafcd with the Teftimony.

The

222 The LIFE of PartV.

The two Ambafladours began their Journey
from faris^ on Mcbaelmafs Day ; and continued
it without one Day's Reft to Bourdeatgc — Hijl. of
Reh. Folio, Vol. 3. P. 253.

They continue their Journey to Bayonne\
and from thence to St. SebaJliatCs ; where They
were told by the Corregidor, that He had re-
ceived Direftions from the Secretary of State, to
perfuade them to remain there till the King^s far-
ther Pleafure might be known; and They re-
ceived a Packet from Sir Benjamin fFrigbt at Ma-
dridy inclofing a Pafs for them, under the Titld
of Ambafladours from the Prince of Wales. They
immediately fent an Exprefs to the Court, com-
plaining of their Treatment, and defiring to know,
whether their Perfons were unacceptable to his Ca-
tholick Majefty ; and if otherwise. They defired
They might be treated in the Manner due to the
Honour and Dignity of the King their Mafter.
They received an Anfwer full of Civilty, impu-
ting the Error,' in the Style of their Pafs, to the
Negligence or Ignorance of the Secretary ; and
new Pafles were fent to them in the proper Style,
with Aflurancc, that They fhould find a very good
Welcome from his Majefty — They left St.Sebaf
tiatfs about the Middle of November — HiJl. (f
the Reb. Folio, Vol. 3. P. 254, 255.

Whe N They came to Jlcavendas^ within three
Leagues of Madrid^ Sir Benjamin Wright came to
them, and informed them, that all Things were
in the State they were, when He writ to them at
5/. Sebajiian^s •, that no Houfe was yet prepared
for their Reception ; and that there was an evi-
dent Want 01 Attention for them in the Court;
the Spaniflb Ambafladour in England having dopfi
them ill Offices, left their good Reception b
Spain might, incenfe the Parliament — After a
Week's Stay in that little Town, They accepted

'• of

Part V. Edward Earl ofCLAREiiBON. 223

of Sit Benjamin Wrigbi's Invitation to his Houfe
at Madrid ; They went privately thither, to re-
13) fide incdgnita — The Court knew of their Arrival,
but took no Notice of it — Lord Cottington de-^
fired, and obtained a private Audience of Don
Lewis de Haro —Don Lewis excufed the Omiflions
'towards the Ambafladours, on Pretence that the
Fiejlasy for their new Queen's Arrival, had en-
grofled the whole Attention of all the Officers
abdiit the Court ; and promifed immediate Re-
paration — Lord Cottington returned Home well
fatisfied — The Ambaffadours are invited to fee
the Exercifes of the Fieftas ; and the Chancellor
. accordingly went to the Place afligned, Hiji. of
the keb. Folio, Vol. 3. P. 256, 257.

The Malquerade is an ExcrcifeThey learned from Definpti^n rf
die Moors; performed by Squadrons of Horfe,leem- J^^-^
ing to charge each other with great Fiercenefs ;. with ''
Bucklers in their left Hands, and a Kind of Cane in
their right; which, when They come within little
more than a Horfe's Length, They throw with all
the Stretigth They can ; and againft them They dc-
foid thcmfelves with very broad Bucklers ; and as
foon as They have thrown their DartSy They wheel
about in a full Gallop, till They can turn to receive^
the like A0ault from thofe whom They had charg-
ed ; and ib fevcral Squadrons of twenty or five and
twenty Horfe run round, and charge each other*
It hath at firft the Appearance of a Martial Exercife ^
the Horfes are very beautiful, and well adorned ^ .
the Men richly clad, and muft be good Horfemen,
othetwife They could not condud: the quick Motions
and Turns of their Horfes v all the reft is. too child-
iih ; the Darts being nothing clfe but pUin Bul-
rufhes of the bi^eft Growth. After this, They
run the Courfe ; which is like our running at the -
Ring.; fave that two run ftill together, and the

fwifter

224 ^^^ LIFE of Part V.

fwiftcr hath tfee Prize ; a Poft dividing them at the
End : From the Start They run their Horlcs full
Speed about fifty Paces, and the Judges are at that
Poft to determine who is firft at the End. •
Veferifdionof Th e next Day, and fo for two or three Days to-
<4#TorM. gather, both the AmbafTadours had a Box prepared
for them, to fee the Tbr^j; which is a Spedacle
very wonderful. Here the Place was very noble,
being the Market-Place, a very large Square, built
with handfome Brick Houfes, which had all Bal-
conies, which were adorned with Tapeftry, and very
beautiful Ladies. Scaffolds were built round to the
firft Story ; the lower Rooms being Shops^ and for
ordinary Ufe ; Jind in the Divifion of thofe Scaffolds,
all the Magiflrates and Officers of the Town knew
their Places. The Pavement of the Place was all
covered with Gravel, which in Summer Time was
upon thofe Occafions watered by Carts charged with
Hogfheads of Water. As foon as the King comes,
fome Officers clear the whole Ground from the
common People ; fo that there is no Man feen up-
on the Plain, but two or three JJguazillSy Ma^-
trates with their fmall white Wands. Then one of
the four Gates which lead into the Streets is open-
ed j at which the Torreadors enter, all Perfons of
Quality richly clad, and upon the beft Horfes in
Spain^ every one attended by eight, or ten, or more
Lackeys^ all clinquant with Gold and Silver Lace,
who carry the Spears, which their Mafters are to
ufe againft the Bulls ; and with this Entry many of
the common People break in, for which fometimes
They pay very dear. The Perfons on Horfeback
have all Cloaks folded up upon their left Shoulder,
the leaft Diforder of which, much more the letting
it fall, is a very great Difgrace ; and in that grave
Order, They march to the Place where the King
fits, and after They have made the Reverences,

They

Party, Edward JStf;^ 3^ Clar^endon. Mfj^.

They place thetnielves at a good Diftance from one
axK>ther, and expeA the BulL
14) Tut Bulls are brought in the Night before from
the Mountains, by People ufcd to that Work; who
drive them into the Town when Nobody is in the ^
Streets, into a Pen made for them, which hath a;
Door that opens into that large Space ; the Key
whereof is fent to the King; wluch the King, when
He fees every Thing ready, throws to an ^guaziU^
' who carrks it to the Officer that keeps the Door 1
and He caufes it to be opened when a fmgle Bull-
is ready to come out When the Bull enters, the
common People who fit over the Doori or near it,
ftrike him, or throw fhort Darts with fharp Points ^
of Steel to provoke him to Rage : He commonly
runs with all his Fury againfl the firfl Man he fees;
on Horfeback ; who watches him fo carefully, and
avoids him fo dexteroufly, that when the Spefbitors
believe him to be even between the Horns of the
Bull, He avoids him by. the quick Turn of his*
Horfe, and with his Lance fh-ikes the Bull upon a
Vein that runs through his Pole, with which in a
Moment he falls down dead. But this fatal Stroke
can never be flruck, but when the Bull comes fo ^
near upon the Turn of the Horfe, that his Horn
even touches the Riser's Leg ; and fo is at fuch a
Dif^ce^.that He canrfhorten his Lance, and ufe
the full Strength of hb. Arm in the Blow ; and
They who are the moil fkilful in the Exercife, do •
frequently kill the Beaft with fuch an exad Stroke ; •
infomuch as in a Day, two or three fall in that
Manner ; But if They mifs the Vein, it only ^vcs
a Wound that the more enrages him.

SoMMTiMis the Bull runs with fo much Fierce*
nefs (for if he efcapes the firfl Man, he runs upon
the reft as They are in his Way) that he gores the
Horfe with his Horns, fo: th^t his Guts comc^ out,
and He falls^ befiore the Rider can get from his
Vol. I. P Back.

^t6t , ne L IF Ecf PartV.

Back. Samctimes, by the Strength of his: Neck,
he raifes Horfe and Man from tht GnMiad, and
throws both down ; and then the greateft E^ger
15 another Gore upon the Ground^ In any ot thefe
Di^raceSy or any ocher^ by which the Rider conies
tx> be difmounted. He is obliged in Honour to take
his Revenge upon the Bull by his Swprd, ^t\d up-
on his Head ; towards Y^hich the Standers by kflift
him, by running after tj^e Bui), and hocking him,
by which he falls upon his hinder Lc^ ; but be-
fooe that Execution can be done, a good Bull hath
kis Revenge upon many poor Fellows* Sonietimc^
be is fo unruly that Nobody dares to attack him *,
and then the King calls for the MaftifTs, whereof
two are kt out: at a Time, and if they cannot
mafter him, but are themfehres killed, as frequent-
ly they are, the King then^ as die laft Refuge,
odls fijT the Englf/i Maftiffs^, of which They fcWom
> turn out above one at a Time, and he rarely mifles
taking the Bull, and hokling him by the Nofe, till
the. Men run in ; and aftei They have hocked him.
They quickly kill hinu

: I N one of thofe Days there were no &wer than
fucteen Hories^ as good as any in Sfainy the worfl'
of which wodd that very Morning hive yielded
three hundred PiJioleSj lulled, and four or five
Men ; befkles many more of bodi hurt, and fi»ne
Men renuiined perpetually maimed : For a^r the
Horjiemen have done as muck as They 'can. They
i;^thdraw themlelves, and then fome accuflomied^
nimble Fellows, to whom Money is thrown when
They per&rm their Feats with Skill, fhmd to re-
ceive the Bulls, whereof the worft are reierved to
^ the kft\ and it is a wonderful Thing to fed with
what Steaxlinefs thofe Fellows will ftand a ftiil Ga-'
reer of the Bull^ and by a little quick Motion upon*
one Foot, . avokl him, and. Uj a Hand' upon his
Horn, as ifX^^ey guided bim^from tkeni ^^but thcR*

. " - , * the

PartV. Edward £^r/ 2^ Clarendon. 227

the next Standers by, who have not the fame Adi-
t*5)vity, commonly pay for it; and there is no Day .
without much Mifchief. It is a vety barbarous Ex^
ercife, and Triumph 5 in which fo many Mens
Lives are loft, and always ventured ; but fo rooted ;
in the Afieftions of that Nation, tfiat it is not in
the King's Power, They fay, to fupprcfs it; though
if He difliked it enough, He might forbear to be
prefent at it.

Th e r e are three Feftival Days in the Year, where-
of Midfummer is one, on which die People hold it to
be their Right to be treated with thefe Spe6bacles ;
not only in great Cities, where They are never dBP-
appointed, but in very ordinary Towns, wherie
tncre are Places provided for it. Befides thofe or-
dinary annual Days, upon any extraordinary Axxi^
dents of Joy, as at this Time for the Arrival of
the Queen, upon the Birth of the King's Children,
or any fignal Viftory, thefe Triuihphs are repeated,'
which no Ecclefiaftical Cenftires or • Authority ca^ '
llipprefs or difcountenance ; for Pope Pius the.V,'
in the Time of Philip the 11, and very probably
with his Approbation, if not upon his Defire, pub-
fifhed a Bull againft the Toros iii Spain^ which is
ftill in Force ; in which He declared, that Nobody
Ihould be capable of CbriJHan Burial, who loft hli'
Life at thofe Speftacles, and that every Clergyman,
who (hould be prefent at them, ftood excommiihi*
cated ipfi foElo ; wd yet there is always one of the
largeft Gallerieis affigncd to the Office of the Imjui-'
fition and the chief of the Cler^, which is alwaiys'
filled ; befides that many Religious Men in their Ha*
bit$ get other Places ; only the Jejuits out of their '
Submiffion to the fupreme Authority of the Pope,
are never prefent there ; but on thofe Days, do al-
ways appoint fome fuch folemh Excrcife to be'
perfbrmod, th^t obKgcs their' -whole Body to be'
together,

P 2 Though

2^8 . ne LIFE of, PaFtV,

rheLord T H 0"j G H it is not the Courfe for the Ambaffa-
^^^^dours to make, their Vifits to thofe who come laft,
idhr^ftht .before They receive their firft Audience from the
fjj^fer by J^^"g » y^^ ^he very. Night They came to the Town,
tbtf^hirjim-^ the Venetian Ambafladour fent to congratulate their
^^b^ Arrival , and to know what Hour They would
fire their affigH of thc ncXt Day to receive a Vifit from him :
Ai£eiiee. y^ \yhich They returned their Acknowledgments ;
and that when They had obtained their Audience
pf the King, They would be ready to receive that
Jionour from him. However, the very next Day
KU came to vifit them ; and He was no fooner
gpne, but the German Ambafladour not fending No-
tice till He was at the Bottom of the Stairs, Jike-
wiie came to them > and then the other Ambafla-
dours, and Publick Minifters took their Times to
n>ake their Vifits, without attending the Audience.
Sam AKom T H B R E was onc Thing very notable, that all
fa£l^' the foreign Minifters refiding then in Madrid ( the
tffMadxid. Mnglfjh Ambafladours and the Refident of Denmark
only excepted ) were Italians ; and all, but the Fe-
ofjiAio netian^ Subjefts of the Great Duke. Julio Rofpiglioft
Rofpigiiofi. j^untio for the Pope, was oiPiJloja^ and fo a Sub--
jeift to the Duke of Florence •, a grave Man, and at
tlpiat Time, fave that his Health was not good, like
to come to be, what He was afterwards. Pope, as
He was Clement the IX. The Emperor's Ambafla-
oftbe Mar^ douT^ thc Marquis of Grana^ was likewife an Italianj
J^'*/^"- atui a Subjeft oi Florence ; He had been General of
one pf the Emperor's Armies, and was fent after-
wards Ambafl^adour to Madrid ; He was a Man of
great Parts; and the removing the Conde-Dukc
Olivarez from. Court was imputed to his Artifice.
He made the Match between the King and the
prcfent Queen, for which He expeded to have the
Cap of a Gardinal^ and had received it^ if He had
not died before tlw^ following Creation ; the Cardi-
nal oif Hejfe being nominated by the Emperor upon

bis

l^artV. Edward E^r/^TCLARENDON. 412^'

his Death. He was a Man of an imperious arid r.\; \,
«^;infolcnt Nature, and capable of any Tetnptation,
and no Body was more glad of his Death than his
own Servants, over whom He was a great Tyrant./
■ The Ambaffadour of Venice^ Pietro Bafadonna^oftbeV^fnt^
a noble Venetian^ was :: Man, as all that Nation is,yX^^-^\
of gl^at Civility, and much Profeflion ; He was the ;>;,' . ;
firft who told the Ambafladours, that the King their ..>•
Mafter had a Refident at Venice^ which was Mr.
JSlligrew ; which They did not at firft believe, hav-
ing before They left 5/. Germains^ difluaded the
King from that Purpofe ; but afterwards his Ma-
jefty was prevailed upon, only to gratify him, that
in that Capacity, He might borrow Money of Eng-
UJh Merchants for his own Subfiftence -, which He
did, and Nothing to the Honour of his Mafter ; but
was at laft compelled to leave the Republick, for
his vicious Behaviour ; of which the Venetian Am-
baffadour complained to the King, when He came
jrfterwards to Paris.

The Ambaffadour of the King oi Poland wa5 like-^'^ foJ**
wife a Florentine ; who was much in Favour with the ^*^-^'**^-
King Uladi/lauSy from whom He was fent ; and con-
tinued by King Cajimir. He had lived in great Splen-
dour; but by his vicious Courfe of Life, and fome
Mifcarriages, He fell very low, and was revoked
with fbme Circumftances of Dilhonour. He was a
Man of a great Wit', if it had not ferved him to
very ill Purpofes. The Ambaffadour of Florence, was 0/ the Am*
a Subjeft of his Mafter, and an Abbot, a grave J^^^^
. Man ; and though He was frequently called Ambaf-
fadour,- He was in Truth but Refident 5 which was
difcovered by a Conteft He had with the Denmark
Refident for Place, who alleged that the other
was no more than Refident ; which was true, and
made the Difcovery that the Florentines fend no Am^
bafladours to Madrid, beeaufe They are not fuffer^
cd to cover, which They ule to do in many other

P 3 Courts,

^39 TTbe L I FE if Part V.'

V^f^ Courts. The Arch-Duke of Infpructs Mlniftcr was
^i^8^. likewife a FiorentWy and had been bred in ^akiy
^J^* wd was a Knight of the Order ; and fupportcd that
Character upon a fmall Affignation from his MafteT).
for fome Benefit and Advantage it gave him in Ne-
gotiations, and Pretences He had in that Court;
&^. The Refident of Denmark was Don Hmritpie WiU
p^ " Uamfon (He was afterwards called RofeweU) who^
came Secretary to Hamibal Zefied ; who had been
the Year before Ambaffadour in thatCouft, and lived
in extraordinary Splendour, as all the Northern Mi-
nifters do ; who have not their Allowance from the
King, but from a Revenue that is purppiely itt afide
for that Kind of Service. When H^ went away^
He left this Gentleman to re^iain there as Refident.
He was a grave, and a fober Man, ^^r than mpft
of his Nation •, and lived with much more Plenty,
and with a better Retinue than any i^her Minifter
of that Rank 11) that Court. \

They had not been many Days in Ji^rid, when
\ Don Lewis fent them the News of xljit Iinprifon-
mcnt of the Prince of Condej ]?rince of Ctfiitf,^and
the Duke of Longueville \ and that Marfhal ^urenn^
was fled into Flanders -, fo much the Cardinal had
improved his Condition frpm the Time that They
had left Paris, There was yet no Houfe provided
for them, which They took very heavily ; and be-
lieved that it might advancfe that Bufinefs, if They
had once a publick Reception as Ambafiadours; and
therefore Th^y refolved to demand an Audience.
Don Lffwis came to be advertifed, that the Ambaf-
fadours had prepared Mourning for themfclves and
all their Train, againft their Audience, which was
true 5 for They thought it the^moft proper Drefs to
appear in, and to demand Affiftance to revenge the
Murder of their Mafter, it being y^t within the
Year : But Don Lewis lent to them^ that He hoped^
th^t wheft the whole Coi>rt wgs in Qala^ upon the

Joy

Part V. Edward Earl ^Clarendon. 23 1

Joy of the Marriage of the King, and to give the
17) Queen a cheerful Reception, They would not dif-
honour the Feftival by appearing in Luto^ which the
King could not but take unkindly ; which He faid.
He thought to advectile them of, out of Friendlhipp
and without any Authority. Whereupon, as well
to comply in an Affair which feemed to have fome-
what of Reafon in it, as out of Apprehenfion, that 3J*gf "^^*
from hence They might take Occafion to defer their dmaSaZ
Audience, They changed their Purpofe, and caufed -4b^«»».
new Cloaths to be made \ and then fent to demand
their Audience,

Montpelier^

ift of Marcb^

1670.

P4 The

(233 )

The ,L I F E of

Edward Earl of C l a r e n d o n

From his Birth to the Reftoration of the
Royal Family in the Year 1660.

PART the SIXTH. ~

«^) t I AHE Ambafladours were conduced in
1 Form to their Audience of the King of
JL Spain^ and afterwards of the Queen,
and Infanta ; and at lafl a Houfe was provided
for them. Hift. oftbeReb. Folio, Vol. 3. P. 259.
They perceived that Court was more incli-
ned to cultivate a drift Friendfhip with the new
Commonwealth of England^ than with the King
their Mafter, from an Opinion of his Condition
being irrecoverable — After all Ceremonies were
over, the Ambafladours had a private Audience of
the King, to whom They, delivered a Memorial
containing their Propofitions, and Demands —
They received Ihortly after fuch an Anfwer, as
was Evidence enough to them, how little They
were to expeft from any avowed Friendfhip of
that Crown — They refted for fome Time with-
out giving themfelves any farther Trouble (Hijlo^
ry of the Rebellion^ Folio, Vol. 3. P. 2 6 1,262.) and
enjoyed themfelves in no unpleafant Retreat from
Ppfincfs, if They could have put off the Thought

of

234 "The LIFE of PartVL

of the miferable Condition of their Matter, and
their own particular Concernments in their own'
2^czw. GoiintryV THe Chancellor betook himlelf to the
theptL afH ' learning their Language, by reading their Books,
^tJ&!^ of which He made a good CoUedion ; and inform-
Spaniih. "* ing himfelf tht befi He cotrfd, of their Govern-
ment^ and the Adminiftration of their Juftice : And
there began his Devotions upon the Kabni, Which
He finifhed in another Banifhment.

Prince Ri^&^ came tpoh the Co^ of Spi^y
with the Fleet uftder his Command^ and;^w^te
to the Chancellor, acquainting him, that He had
brought away all the Fleets from Ireland i aad
defiring him to procure Orders from tjie Court,
that Hfi might find a good Recejption in all the
Spani/h Ports, if his Occafions brought him thi-
ther —-The News of a Fleet .of the Kins .of JE)^-
land b^ing on their Coaft, at a Time mien ;their
GaSeons were expeded Home, occafioned great
Alteration in the Behaviour of that Court ; and
• all that the Ambafladours alkerf, was eaiay gram-
ed ; but that feemine favourable DifpofitiOti w^
of ftiort Duration ; ror on the Arrival afterwards
of a ftrong. Fleet fent out by the Parliatttent, arid
the Commander thereof writing ah infolertt Let-
ter to the King of SpaiHy the Ambaltadoart found (">1
themftlvcs Icfs regarded — Htji. oftheReh Fofib,
Vol. 3. P. 262, 263.

T H E King had now determined to g6 into
Scotland^ upon the Invitation of the Council, ajjd
Parliament of that Kingdom ; and the Anlbafla-
dours, ^0 in Reality difapproved of tiiat M(ia-
. fure, notified it to the Court of Spain^ ^ a hajp-
py Turn in the King's Affairs ; fetting forth, that
his Majefty was now Matter of that Kingdom ;
and therefore might realbnably hope to be rftflb- ^
red to the Poflfeffion of the reft of his I>bmtniwis^ ^

— The

Part VI. Edward Earl g^ Clarendon. 235

-^- The Court of Spain then began again to treat
the Ambafladdurs with more Regard-^/^, of the
Reb. Folio, Vol. 3. P. 269.

U p o N the News of CronrnelPs Viftory over the
Marquis of Jrgyk^s Army in Scotland^ the Am-
bafladours receivied a Mefl&ge frorn the King oi
SpatHj defiring them to depart, fince their Pre-
lence in the Court would be prejudicial to his Af-
fairs — They imagined this proceeded from the
Expedation of the Arrival of an Ambafladour from
the Commonwealth of^ England^ which was then
reported -, but They knew afterwards that the
trueCaufe of this Impatience to get rid of them
was, that their Minifter in England, having pur-
chafed many of the King's Pictures, and rich Fur-
niture, had ient them to the Grcrpie ; from whence
They were expeded to arrive about that Time,
at Madrid : Which They thought could not de-
cently be brought to the Palace, while the Am-
bailadours remained at the Court — Hifi. of the
Rsb. Folio, Vol. 3, P, 205.

Lord Cotthigton reiolves, and obtains Leav^
to day as a private Man in Spain ; but is not per-
mitted to refide at Madrid. Hi/i. of the Rsb. Fo-
lio, Vol. 3. P. 297.

The other Ambafladour made his Journey hyrbeOmed^
JUnOai and ftaid a Day there, to fee that Univei^;^;^
fity, where the College, and other Buildings made&*jw«^
by the Cardinal Xmenes, are well worth the feeing ;^^^*^'
and went through die Kingdom of Navarre to Pom-
pebina, where the Vice-King, the Duke of Efcahna^
received him -, and lodged him two Days in the Pa-
lace^ and treated him with great Civility. There
Jie was feized upon with the Gout ; yet He conti-
nued his Journey by Mules, there being no Paflage
by Coach or Litter, over the Pirenees^ to Bajonnt •,
where He was forced to keep his Bed, and to bleed, '

for

236 ' ^ rhe L I F "E- of Part VI.

for "many Days • but was fo impatient of Delay, that
after a Week's Reft, and before He was fit for the
Journey, He put himfelf into a Litter, and reach-
ed Bourdeaux -, where He was forced to follow the
Prefcription of Dr, Lopez^ i very learned Jew^ and
Phyfician ; arid yet went too foon from thence too ;
Miant'on fo that whcn He came to Varis^ He was caft into
4irPar^, his Bed by a new Defluxion of the Gout, more vio-
lent than ever.

As foon as; He had recovered any Strength, He
T&i^atfixV waited upon the Queen Mother, who received him
^bm^rftu ^^^ gracioufly ; complained very much to him of
^J' the Duke of Tptk ; who having been left with her
^ by the King when He parted V^ith her Majefty at

Beauvais^ had exprefly agaihft. her Confent and
Command, tranfported himfelf to Bruffels, uppn
Imaginations which had no Foundation, and'ip-
on fome Treaty with the TDuke of Lorraine^ which
She was fure could produce ho good Effeft, Her
Majefly feemed moft offended vnth Sir Edward Her-
Ifert the Attorney General, and Sir Qeorge Ratcliffe^
as the two Perfons who prevailed with the Duke,
and had engaged hitn in that Journey, and govern-
ed him in it, againft the Advice of the. Lord Byrtmy
who was his Governour •, and that being difappoint-
. ed of what They had unreafonably looked for atU»
Brujfels^ They had carried Jiis Royal Highnefs into
Hollands to his Sifter, who fuffered much by his
Prefence ; the States of Hollajtd being refblved not
to fufFer him to rc^fide within their Province ; the
Prince of Orange being lately dead of the Small
Pox, and his Son, who was born after his Death,
being an Infant, and depending fo entirely upon. the
good Will of the States j and therefore the Prin-
cefs was much troubled that the coming of the
Duke her Brother into thofe Parts gave the State?
any Occafion of Offence. The Queen faid, that
She had writ to the Duke to return into France^

but

Part VL Edward Etfr/ g/* Clarendon. 237

but had received no Ahfweri and therefore, She de-
fired the Ambaffadour, as foon as He fhould come
into thofe Parts (for He meant to go to AtUwerp^
where his Wife and. Children then were), that He
would make a journey to the Hague^ to reduce the
Duke, and to prevail with him to return into
France ; which the Ambafladour could not refuf& to
promife.

H E found there the Queen's own Family in fomc '
Diforder, upon fome Declaration She had made,
that the Proteftant Chaplain ihould be no more per-
mitted to perform his Fundbion in the Louvre y
where the Queen's Court refided, and where there
was a lower Room which had been always uied as a
Chapel, from the Time of the Prince's firft comings
thither, to that Time ; and where twice a Day, the
Common Prayer was read to thofe who were Protef-
tants in both Families ; and now the Queen had
lignified to Dr. Cqfins (who was the Chaplain aflign- Dr. Cofint
ed by the late King, to attend in her Majefty's Fa-^^^'J^
mily, for the Proteftant Part of it) that He ihould ^'*^^; '«
be no more permitted to have the Ufe of that^,^'
Room.

The Chancellor of the Exchequer took this Oc-T^c&iKrf-
cafion to fpeak with the Queen ; and put her in S^-^t.
Mind of fome Promife She had made him, yihtn tbtaidjea.
He took his Leave of her to go for Spain^ that She
would not withdraw her Stipend, which She allow-
ed to Dr. Cqfins \ whereby He muft be compelled to
withdraw; and fo the Proteftant Part of hcf Family
would be deprived of their publick Devotions 5
which Promife She had obferved to that Time : But:
if now the Room fhould be taken from, that Ufe, it^
would be the fame Thing, as if the Chaplain, was
turned away. He put her Majefty in Mind of the
ill Impreflipn it might make in the Hearts of the
Proteftant^ m England^ who retained their Relpefts
and Puty fofe jic r Majefty ^ and of what pernicious

Confe-

^38 Tbe LIFE of PartVL

Confequcncc it might prove to the King, who was
ftill in ^eoiland in a hopeful Condition, and de-
pended moft upon the Affedions of his Proteftant
Subjefts of Ef^land'y and in the laft Place, whether
it might not prove a Better Argument to. thole,
who were lufpefted by her to miflead the Duke of
Tork^ to diffuadc him from returning to her, fince
She would not permit hiin to have the Exercife of
"^^f* his Religion. The Queen feemed to think that
what He faid was not without Realbn^^ and con-
feflfed that She was not the Author of tfeis new Re-
Iblucion, which She did not believe to be feafon-
able.

Mr. JVaUer Mkmtague^ who had fome Years ago
changed his Religion, and was become CatholicK,
after He had fuftained a long Imprifonment in the
^ower oiLdfidon^ procured his Releafe from thence,
upon AlfiJrance that He would no more return into
England j and lb came into France^ where He was
very well known in the French as well as the J5»-
^U/h Court, and in great Reputation and Eftccm
.with both Queens. He appeared a Man wholly re-
ftrained from all the Vanity and Levity of his for-
mer Life, and pcrfeffly mortified to the Pleafures
of the World, which He had enjoyed in a very
> ■ great Meaftire and Excefs.

H B dedicated himfclf to his Studies with grcat(i«:
Aufterity; and feemed to have no Affeftion, or
Ambitioft' for Preferment, but to live Arithin him-
fedf upon the very moderate Exhibition He had left
to him by his Father ; and in this mielancholick Re-
treat He had newly taken the Order of Priefthood^
which was in Truth, the moft reafonable W^y to
fatisfy his Ambition, if He had any left; for both
the Queen Regent, and the Cardinal, couM npt but
liberally provide for his Support in that Profi^iDBon;
which They did very Ihortly after: And this devout
Profeliion,. and new Funftion .much^JiftOved die

Intereft

Fart VI. Edward Ear/ of ClAtiESDoij. 23^

Intcrcft and Credit He always had in his old Mif-
trcfe \ who very inudh hearkened cx) him in Cafes
if G()nfciencc : And She confcflfed to the Chanccji-
lor, that He was ji little too bigotted in this Af-
fair j and had not only prefled her very paflionately
to remove the Scartdal of having a Proteftant Gha-
pd in her Houle^ as inconfiftent with a good Con-
firience, but had likewife inflamed the Queen Re-
gent with the fame Zeal | who had very earneftly '
prelfed and importuned her Majefty no longer to
permit that Offence to be given to the Catholick
Religion. And upon this Occafion She lamented
the Death of her late Confeflbr, Father Philips^
who, She- faid, was a very difcreet Man, and would
never fuffer her to be troubled with fuch Infufions
and Scruples. In Gonclufion, She wifhed him to
confer with Mr. li^unfaguey and to try if He could
withdraw him from that Afperity in that Particular!
to which Purpde, the Chancellor conferred with
him, butr without any EflTedl.

He faid, the Houfe was the King of France'sjneCiancd.
who only permitted the Queen to live there ; and^^^^^
that the Queen Regent thought herfelf bound in Mounta^
Confcience no longer to fuflFer that Reproach, of^f^fc
which She had never had Information till very late-y»«i:. !
ly : That if the Duke of Tork came thither^ there
was no Thought or Purpofe to deny him the Exer-
cife of his Religion ; He might have his Chap-
Iain fay Prayers to him in his own Chamber, or in
Ibme Room adjacent, which ferved likewife to all
other Purpoles ; but that the fetting a Room apart,
as this was, for that Service, was upon the Matter
dedicating it as a Chapel, for the Excrcife of a Re-
l^ion, contrary to what was eftablifhed in that King-
dom ; which the King of France would not fuffer to
be done in a Houfe of his, though the King fhould
return thither again. He undervalued all the Con-
fiderations which were offered of Enghnd^ or of a

Proteftant

240 rbe L IF E of PartVL

Proteftant Ihterdl ; as if He thought them all, as
no Doubt He did, of no Importance to the King's
Reftoration, which could never be efFe6ted but by
that Intereft which was quite oppofite to it. When
He gave the Queen an Account of this Difcourfe,
He prevailed fo far with her, that She prqmifed, in
Cafe She Ihould be compelled to take away Aat
Room, as She forefaw She ftiould be, the Family
Ihould be permitted to meet in fome other Room ;
and if. the Duke ofTcark came, the Place that fhould
be appointed for his Devotions, fhould ferve for all
the reft to refort to. .

A s foon as the Chancellor had recovered his
Strength, He took Leave of the Queen, and pur*
rhtCbMed' fued his Journey for Flanders. At Brujfels He ftaid
S^^ till He had an Audience of the Arch-Duke, to
whom He had Letters from the King of Spain, and
Don Lewis ; by which the King Iignified his jplea-;
fure, that He fhould refide any where in thofe Pro-
vinces He beft liked, until He could conveniently,
repair to the King his Mafter ; and that in the mean
Time He fhould enjoy all the Privileges due to an
AmbafTadour : And fo He had his Audience irii that
iofonAi- Quality. He fpake in Latin^ and the Arch-JDukc
^^t^i anfwering in the fame, affured him of all the Rc-
fpeds He could pay him, whilft He ftaid in thofe
Andnjida Parts J and thereupon He went, to his Family at
!^|^t Ant' ^^"^^j and kept that Charafter till the KingVim;
werp/«/Af coming into France, and his Return to him 5 .by
^M^^r. Means whereof He enjoyed many Privileges, and
Exemptions in the Town \ and had the Freedom of
his Chapel, not only for his own Devotions, but for.
the Relort of all the Proteftants, who were then in,
the Town ; whereof the Marquis of NewcqfUe^ the.
Earl of Norwich, and Sir Charles Cavendijh were the,
principal; who came always on the Sundays, and
frequently on the Week Days, to the Common
Prayer, to the Grief of many Englijh, and Irijb Ro-
man

^artVI. EDWARDJS/^r/g/'CLARENDaN. 241

man Catholicks -, who ufed all the malicious Artifi-
ces They could, to procure tliat Liberty to be re-
ftnuned ; and which could not have been enjoyed
under any other Conceflion, than by the Privil^e
of an Ambafladbur.

Whilst He was preparing to make a Journey
to the Hague to wait upon the Duke of Tark^ ac-
cording to the Promife He had made to the Queen,
He received Information from the Hagucj that his
Royal Highnefs would be at Breda wch a Day ; Hkgeatotu
whereupon He was glad to (horten his Journey^^^^^^
and at the Day, to kifs his Hands there ; where He ptrjuade bki
found his- Highnefs newly arrived, and in an Inch- ^^"^
nation enough to return to the (^eeh j ib that the
Chancellor ^>ad no great Tafk to confinlt'him in that
Refolution -, nor in Truth did He know what elfe to
do : However all about him were very ghd of the
Chancellor's Prefence, every Body hoping to get
him to their Party, that He might Be ready to '
make a fair Report of their Behaviour to the King ;
whom They knew the Queen would endeavour to
incenfe againft them.

Never little Family was torn into fo many Pieces Sme Atamt
and Fadions. The Duke was viery young ; yet lov- ^^^^'^^ s^
ed Intrigues fo well, that He was too much inclined miy,
to hearken to any Men, who had the Cbnfidence to
make bold Propofitions to him. The King had ap-
pomted him to remain with the Queen ; and to
obey her in all Things, Religion only excepted.
The Lord Byron was his Governour, ordained to be
lb by his Father, and very fit for that Province ;
being st very fine Gentleman, well bred both in
France and Itafy, and perfeftly verfed in both Lan-
guages } of great Courage and Fidelity ; and in all
Refpe^ts qualified for the Truft ; but his being ab»
fcnt in the King's Service, when the Duke made
his Efcape out of England^ and Sir John Berkley be-^
ing then put about him, all Pains had bedn taken

Vol. I. Q^ to

Z4Z The LIFE tf Part VI.

10 Icflfen his Efteem of the Lord Byrtm ; and Sir Jobtt
Birkky^ knowing that He could no longer remain
Governour when the Lord Byrcn came thither,
and hearing that He was in his journey, mfuTed
into the Duke's Mind^ that it was a great kjQening

Jf his Dignity at iftitil Age (when He was not above
:>urteen Years of Age, and backward eiiough for
|hat Age) to be under a Governour y and fo pardy
by diftfte^ming the Perfbn, and pardy by reproach,
mg the Office, He grew lefs inclined to th&Pevibn
Qjfthat good Lord, than He fhould have bom.

But what Title &»ever any Body had, the whofe
Authority was in the Quqen, not only by the Di^
fedion of t^e King, but by inevkahle Neceflky y
fcr there was no Kind of Fund ^gned for the> Sup-
port of the Duke ; but He depended enwely upo»
the Queen his Mother'^ Bounty^ who had no mo^
affigned for herlelf, than They, to whom the Ma^
nag^nient thereof was committed, knew weH how
«o S^paSt &£, nor was it enough to ferve thdr Oc-^
cafions ^ fo that her MajeHy herielf certainly ipene
lefs upon her own Perfon, or in any Thing rdating
to herfelf, than ever any Queen, or Lady of a very
eminent Pegree did. This vifible and total D^
pendance of the Duke upon his Mother, made her
Maiefty the le& apprehenlive of his doii^ any Thing
' contrary to her liking ; and there was not that CdfQ
for the general Pare of his Education, nor that In-(xi3)
du^nce'co his Peribn, as ought to have been^
and the Queen's own Carriage and Behaviour to-
wards him was at lead fevere enough^ as it had
been before t6 the King, in the Tiine that He Was
Prince; which then, and now gave Opportunity to-
thoic^ who weise not themielves at £a&^ to makct
many Infufions ; which, how contrary foever-tatbeiP
Duties, were not fo unreafonabk, as to be eafily re-
' je£ted> or to m^e no ImprefTion*

Th«

PrftVl, Edward Etfr/g^CLAFfENpoN. 24 j

The King at his going from BeateUais in his
Voyage for Scotland^ had given fomfe Recommend
dation to the Diike his Brother of Sir George Rat- .
ikffify to whofe Care his Father had once defigncd
to commit him, when He meant to have fent him
into Irdand 5 and' his Majefly had lifcewife, at the
feme Time ztBeawmy made fome Promife to S\t
Ge&tge Rakliffe of fome Place, about his Bmthery
ivheti^ hife fJ^niily fhouldbe fettled; of which them
'was then little Abearance : However it was enougtf
to OTtitle him to givt his frequent Attendance upon!
the Duke'; and the general Reputation He had, erf?
having bwn the Penon^ of the nearcft Truft with>
the Earl of Swafford\ might well difpofe the Duke
tb think him a wife Man^ and the better to efteen^
^y Thing He faid to him.

5iR Edward- Herbert thought himfelf the wifelt
Mitt that followed the King's Fortune, and was al-
ways angry that Me had no more to do ; and now*
Pjpince Rupert was abfent, endeavoured all He could^
to get Credit- with the Duke of Tork ; and came
vfeiy^ frequently to him^ and held him in long Whifl*
pef9> which the Duke eafily indulged to him, out*
ctf a real Belief that He was a Man of great Wif- *
dtttti and Experience. The Queen liked neither of
diiefe' two; which They well enough difcerning,i
grew into a FriendQiipi or rather a Familiarity to-
gether, though They were of the moft differeht*.
Natures and Humours imaginable : Ratcliffe being
ai JV&n- very^ capable of Bufinefs ; and if the Prolpe-
riiy- of hi^ former Fortune had not railed in him*>
fotll^ Pumes- of Vanity and Self-conceitcdnefe, was-
veiy fittt) be advifed with ; being of a Nature con-
fl^f'Siind fincere; which the other was not; yet
'fti«j^ agreed well iii the Dcfign of making the
Dtite'Of 3^^*'difcontented, and weary of his Con-
dttioh ; whi^h was^Ot plcaiatlt enough to be much
d^igbled^inV

0^2 Thb

244 "The L 1 FE of Part VL

rbiCau^of The News from England^ of the State of
yJ^bL' Affairs in Scotland^ made moft Men believe that
A^z^ Paris, his Majefty was irrecoverably loft ; and there was
for fome Time a Rumour fcattered abroad, and
by many believed, that the King was dead. Thefe
two Gentlemen, upon the Fame of this, confulted
together; whether, if the News were or ihould be.
true, the Duke of Tork^ who muft fucceed, were
in a good Place -, and both concluded, that in that
Gafe, it would not be fit that He ihould be with
his Mother. Hereupon They perfuaded the Duke,
that it was not fit for him to remain idle in France^
but to employ himfelf Abroad, whereby his Expe-
rience might be improved j and He might put him-
felf into a Pofture to be able to affift the King his
Brother; or if any Misfortune Ihould befal him, in
fome Degree to provide for himfelf; and propofed
to him, that He would refolve to make a Journey
to Brujfels., to advife and confult with the Duke of
Lorraine., who was a Prince of great Wildom, Wealth,
and Courage ; and being driven out of. his own
Country by too powerful and potent a Neighbour,
had yet by bis own Aftivky and Virtue made him-
; felf fo confiderable, that Spain depended upon his*
Army; 2Lnd France itfelf would be glad of his
Friendfhip ; that He was very rich, and would not
be only able to give the Duke good Counfel, but
Affiftance to make it efFeftual.

The Duke without farther examining the Pro- (im)
bability of the Defign, which He concludied had
been thought upon enough by two fuch wife Men,
gave his full Confent to it ; and They having like-
wife found Credit for fo much Money as would de- .
fray the Charges of the Journey, and really believ-
ing that the King was dead, the Duke one Day told
the Queen, that He was refolved to make a Jour-
ney to Brujfels to fee the Duke of Lorraine ; with,
which the. Queen bemg furprifed, tiled both her

Realm

Part VI. Edward Earl g/'CLARENDON. 245

Rcafon and her Authority to diffuadc him froni it>
but could not prevail by either; his Highncfs tell-
ing her very obftinately, that He would begin his
Journey within two Days. She found that none of
his Servants were privy to the Defign, or were at
lall acquainted with the Purpofe •, and quickly dif-
covered the two Counfellors -, who having noRela- .
tion to his Service that She knew, were prepared to
wait on him, and had drawn Dn Steward (who was
Dean of the Chapel to the King, and left behind,
when his, Majefty went for Scotland^ with Direc-
tion to be with the Duke of Tork) to be of their
Party. •

The Doflor was a very honeft, and learned c&jnf^er/
Gentleman ; and moft converfant in that Learning, ^'••^***^'
which vindicated the Dignity and Authority of the
Church, upon which his Heart was moft entirely
fet ; not without fome Prejudice to thofe, who
thought there was any other Objedt to be more
carefully purfued. SirG^^r^f i?^/r//jf^ feemed to be
of his Mind ; and fo was looked upon by him as
one of the beft Friends of the Church, which was
Virtue enough to cover many Defeds. He told
him of the Rumour of the Death of the King, and
what Conference had been between him and the
Attorney General upon itj which They both be*
lieved ; and how neceffary They thought it was for
the Duke to be out of France^ when the Certainty
of that News ftiould arrive : That They had fpoken
with the Duke of it, who feemed very well difpo-
fed ; yet They knew not how his Mother's Autho-
rity might prevail over his Obedience -, and there-
fore wifhed that He would fpeak with the Duke,
who had great Reverence for him in all Matters. of
Confcience, and remove any Scruples which might
arife. The Dodor dki not think himfelf fo much
regarded by the Queen, as He expeded to be ; and
-did really believe the Cafe to be fuch as the other

0^3 had

?46 Hx LIFE of P^VL

had informed him; and confirmed the Duke in his .
Re(blution, notwithftanding any Thing his Mother
fliould fay to the contrary ; and jthe Queen cojuld
neither fay, or do any Thing to difluade him hsm
the Journey.

The Lord Byron his Govemour^ and Mr. BinM
his Secretary, both well liked by the C^en, and
of great Confidence in each other, thought it their
Duty to attend upon him. Sivjobn Berkley (laid be-
hind, as well to avoid the being inferiour to another,
which He always abhorred, as to profecute an A-
mour, which He was newly embarked in ; and Sir
George Ratcliffe^ and Sir Edward Herbert^ and the
good Doftor were fo to improve their Intereft, that
neither the Queen, or any who depended on her,
might have any Credit with the Duke. Moft of the
inferiour Servants depended upon them, becaufe
They faw They had moft Intereft with their Maf-
ter ; and with thefe Thoughts and Refolutions,
They all fct out from Brujfels ; and thefe wild No-
tions were the true Reafons, and Foundation of that
Journey, which many fober Men fo much wonder-
ed at then, and fo much cenfured afterwards.

When his Highnefs came to Brujfels^ He was
accommodated in the Houfe of Sir Henry De Fifj
the King's Refident there : And He was no fboner
there, but They began to model his Houfe, and
regulate his Family; towards which. Sir C?^^^^ Rai-ini)
clife was defigned to manage all the Afiairs of Mo-
ney 5 the Attorney contenting himfelf with having
the greateft Power in governing the Councils; and
^ looking for other Stations upon the Arrival of
the News from Scotland. But in a (hort Time the
Intelligence from thence was quite contrary to what
They expefted ; the King was not only in good
Health, but his Affairs in no deiperate Condition ;
all Faftions feemed reconciled; and He was at the
Head of an Army that looked Cromwell \xi the Face,

H«R5-

Part VI. EDWAR-bjEtfr/^/t^LAkENDON. tJ^f

Hereupon They wcrfe at a great Stand in thtit
Councils* The Duke o( Lorraine had been civU M
the Duke, and had at his firil coming lent him
Ibme Money ; but when He found he was with-
4>ut any Defign, and by what Perfons his Counfeto
were direfted. He grew colder in his Refpcfts : And
They who had gone thus far, took upon them th«
Prefumption to propofe a Marriage between thd
Duke ca Torky and a natural Daughter of the Dukd
of Lorraine ; his Marriage with Madam de Cante^
£roiXj the Mother of the faid Lady, being declared
void in the Court of Rome: But the Duke of Lor^
taine was fo wife as not to entertain the Motion, ex^
cept it fliould be made with the King's Privity. So
apt arc unexperienced Men, when They are onci
out of the Way, to wander into Bogs and Precis-
pices, before They will be fcnfible of their falfe
Condudt When They found there was Nothing td
be done at Bruffehj They perfuaded the Duke ta
go to the Maguey with as little Defign -, and when
They had wearied all People there. They came td
Breday where the Chancellor had met them^

The Duke himfelf was ib young, that He was The state of
rather delighted with the Journeys He had made, y^^^
than fcnfible that He had not entered upon themM^a/Bie*
with Reafon enough ; and They had fortified him **"'
with a firm Refolution, never to acknowledge that
He had committed any Error. But his Counfel-
iors had loft all the Pleafure of their Combination ^
and reproached each other of their Fc^ies and Pre-
sumptions, with all the Animofity imaginable. The
Lord Byron and Mr. Bennety whp had comforted-
each other in their Sufferings, were glad enough r^of
fee that there was fome End put to their Peregrina^^
tions 5 and that by returning to the Queen, ThejT
were like to find fome Reft again : And They enter-
tained the Chancellor with many ridiculous Rela-
rions of the Politicks of the Attorney and Sir Giorge

0^4 Rat differ

24? rbe L I F E of Part VI.

RatcUffey and of the pleafant Difcourfes the Duke
of Lorraine made of the Latin Orations, Sir George
^atcliffe had entertained him with.

On the other Hand, Sir George was well pleafed
with the Grace He had received from the Duke of
Lorraine^ and with the Teftimony He had given of
him to fome Men, who had told him of it again,
that He was a very grave and a wife Man \ and
that He wiftied He had fuch another to look after
his Affairs. He and Dr. Steward continued their
Aflfeftions towards each other; and concurred in
moft bitter Inveftives againft Sir Edward Herbert^
as a mad Man, and of that intolerable Pride, that
it was not poflible for any Man to converfe with
him ; and the Attorney as frankly reproached them
all, with being Men of no Parts, of no Underftand*
ing, no Learning, no Principles, and no Refolu-
tion ; and was fo juft to them all, as to contemn
every Man alike ; and in Truth, had rendered him-
ielf (o grievous to them all, and behaved himfelf fo
infolently towards all, that there was not a Man
who defired to be in his Company : Yet by the
Knack of his Talk, which was the moft like Rea-
fon, and not it, He retained ftill great Credit with
the Duke; who being ftill confdunded with hispo-
fitive Difcourfe, thought him to be wifer than thofe(i26]
who were more eafy to be.underftood.

The Duke upon the Receipt of the Queen's
Letters, which the Chancellor delivered to him, re-
Iblved upon his Journey to PariSy without farther
Delay; and the Chancellor waiting upon his High-
nefs as far as Antwerp^ He profecuted his Journey
with the fame Retinue He had carried with him;
^nd was received by his Mother without thofe Ex-
poftulations and Reprehenfions, which He might
have expefted ; though her Severity was the fame
towards all thofe, who She thought had the Credit
' ^nd Power to fcduce him,

Thb

PartVL Edward E^r/gf Clarendon. 249

The Chancellor was now at a little Reft agairl
with his own Family in Antwerp^ and had Time to
be vacant to his own Thoughts, and Books ; and
in the Interval to enjoy the Converiation of many
worthy Perfons of his own Nation, who had chofen
that Place to fpend the Time of their Banilhment
in. There was the Marquis of Newcaftle^ who hav-
ing married a young Lady, confined himfelf moft
to her Company, and lived as retired, as his ruin-
ed Condition in England obliged him to ; yet with
Honour and Decency, and with much Rcfpeft
paid him by all Men, as well Foreigners, as thofe
of his own Country. The Converiation the Chan-
cellor took moft Delight in, was that of Sir Charles ru Oancd^
CavenMjh^ Brother to the Marquis ; who was one of^'^^
the moft extraordinary Perfons of that Age, in all o-mar^
the noble Endowments of the Mind. He had all oJ^Sflb
the Difadvantages imaginable in his Perfon ; which
was not only of fo fmall a Size, that it drew the
Eyes of Men upon him •, but with fuch Deformity
in his little Perfon, and an Afpeft in hiis Counte-
nance, that was apter to raife Contempt than Ap-
plication : But in this unhandfome or nomely Ha-
bitation, there was a Mind and a Soul lodged that
was very lovely and beautiful -, cultivated, and po-
lifhed bv all the Knowledge and Wifdom, that
Arts and Sciences could fupply it with. He was a
great Philofopher, in the Extent of it ; and ian ex-
cellent Mathematician 5 whofe Correfpondence was
very dear to Gajfendus and Defcartes ; the laft of
which dedicated fome of his Works to him. He
had very notable Courage ; and the Vigour of his
Mind, fo adorned his Body, that being with his
Brother the Marquis in all the War, He ufually
went but in all Parties, and was prefent, and char-
ged the Enemy in all Battles, with as keen a Cou-
rage as could dwell in the Heart of Man. But
then the Gentlencfs of his Difpofition, the Humili-

250 ' rbe L I FE tf Part VI.

ty and Mcckneft of his Nature, and the Vivacity of
his Wit was admirable. He was fo modeft, that
He could hardly be prevailed with to enlarge him-
ielf on Subjeds He underftood better than other
Men, except He were prefled by his very familiar
Friends^; as if He thought it Prefumption to know
more than handfomer Men ufe to do. Above all,
his Virtue and Piety was fuch, that rlo Tempta-
tion could work upon him to conient to any Thing,
that fwerved in the leaft Degree from tte pfecitfc
Rules of Honour, or the moft fevere Rules erf Con»
fcience.

Whew He was exceedingly importuned by thofc
whom He loved beft to go into England^ aad com-
pound for his Eftate, which was very good^ that
thereby He might be enabled to help his Friends,
who were reduced into great Streights j He fefiifed
it, out of Apprchenfion that He might be required
to take the Covenant^ or Engagement^ or to do fome-
what elfe, which his Confcience would not permit
him to do : And when They endeavoured to under-
value that Confcience, and to perfuade him not to
be governed by it, that would expofe him to' Fa-
mine, and reftrain him from being charitable to hi&
beft Friends ; He was fo offended with their Argu-
mentation, that He would no more admit any Dif*(i27}
courfe upon the Subjeft. Upon which They ap-
plied themfelves to the Chancellor, who They
thought had moft Credit with him ; and defired
hini to perfuade him to make a Journey into Et^*
land'y the Benefit whereof to him and themfelves
was very intelligible ; but informed him not of his
Refufal, and the Arguments They ufed to convert
him.

^ S' ^^ ^ ^^^^ ^^^^ '^^^y ^^^ ^^^^ ^^^y "f^^y

si/cC^ did once a Day, the Chancdior told him. He heard
S'lS E^ f He had a Purpofe to make a Journey into E^-
£ri[ ''^' land I to which He fuddcnJy anfwered, that imiccd

He

Part VI. Edwarp Etfrfgf Clarendon. j8J|

lie was defired to do fo, but that He had pofitivelf
refufed ; and thereupon with much Warmth and
Indignation, related what Importuniqrsand what Ar**
gunG^nts had been ufed to him, and what He had
anfwered: And thereupon faid, that his prefentCon*
dition was in no Degree pleaiant or eafy to him (ai
in Truth it was not. He being in very vifibl^ Want
of ordinary Conveniences) but. He prpteftcd, that
}ic wou}d rather fubmit to Ndcednefs, or ft^ing
in the Street, than fubfcribe to the Cwenanty or
£^agemeMtj or do any Thing elfe that might trench
upon his Honour or his Confcienci?, To which
the Chancellor replied, that his Refolution became
him, and was worthy of his Wifdom and Honef-
ty ; and that if He found him inclined to do any
Thing that might trench upon either. He was fo
ipuch his Friend, that He would put him in Mind
of his Obligations to both ; that ind^d the Argu*
ments which had been ufed to him could n^ver pre-
vail upon a virtuous Mind ; however, He told him.
He thought the Motion frQm his Friends might bq
a little more confidered, before it was rejeded;
and confefled to him that He was defirpd to con-
fer with him about it, ^nd to difpofe him to iti.
.without being informed, that any Attempt had bqeii
already made : And then alked him, whQther H<^
did in Truth believe, t,hat his Journey thither
might probably produce thofe Benefits to himfelf
and his Friends, as They imagined ; and then it
would be fit to confider whether thofe Convenienctjf
were to be purchafed at a dearer Price than they
were worth.

Hb anlwered, there could be no Doubt, but
that if He could go thither with Safety, and be ad-
mitted to compound for his Eftate, as others did^
He could then fell it at fo good a Price^ that He
could not only provide for a competent Subfiftence.
for himfelf, when He returned, but likewise aflift

his

252 rhe LIFE of Part VI.

his Friends for their better Support ; and that He
could otherwife, out of Lands that were in Truft,
and not known to be his, and lb had not been yet
fcqueftered, raife other Sums of Money, which
would N be attended with many Conveniences ; and
He confeffed Nothing of all this could be done
without his own Prefence. But then that which de-
prived him of all this was, in the firft Place, the
Apprehenfion of Imprifonment, which, He faid,
his Conftitution would not bear; but efpecially, be-
, caufe by their own Ordinance, no Body was capa-
ble to compound, till He had fubfcribed to the Co-
venant and Engagement : which He would not do
to fave his Life ; and that in what Neceflity foever
He was. He valued what Benefit He could poffibly
receive by the Journey, only as it might confift
with his Innocence, and Liberty to return ; and
fince He could hot realbnably prefume of either,
He had no Thought of going.

Th E Chancellor told him, that They were both
of the fame Mind in all Things wHich related to
Gonfcience and Honour •, but yet, fince the Bene-
fits which might refult from his Journey were great,
and very probable, and in fome Degree certain,
and the Mifchiefs He apprehended were not cer-
tain, and poffibly might be avoided. He thought
He was not to lay afide all Thoughts of the Jour-(i28)
ney, which He was fo importuned to undertake by
thofe who were fo dear to him. That He was of
the Few who had rpany Friends, and no Enemies-,
and therefore had no Reafon to fear Imprifonment,
or any other Rigour extraordinary, which was fcl-
dom ufcd, but to Perfons under fome notable Pre-
judice. That after He once came to London^ He
would not take much Pleafure in going abroad;
but might difpatch his Bufinefs by others, who
would repair to him : And that for the Covenant and
Engagement^ they were fo contrary, that both were

rarely

Part VI. Edward Earl d/'Clarendon. 253

rarely oflfered to the fame Perfon ; and They had
now fo much julUed, and reviled each other, that
They were neither in fo much Credit as They had
been, and were not prefled, but upon fuch Per-
fons, againft whom They had a particular Defign %
however He went well armed as to that Point, with
a Refolution not to fubmit to either ; and the worft
that could happen, was to return without the full
Effeft of his Journey. Whereas if thofe Mifchiefs
could be avoided, which the fkilfuU upon the Place
could only inftruft him in. He would return with
great Benefit and Satisfadion to himfelf and his
Friends : And if He were fubjeded to Imprifon-
ment (which He ought not to apprehend, and
could be but fliort) even in that Cafe, his Journey
could not be without Fruit, by the Conference ana
Tranfadions with his Friends ; though no Compo-
lition could be made. Upon revolving thefe Con-
liderations. He refolved to undertake the Journey ;
and performed it fo happily, without thofe Obftruc-
tions He feared, that He finilhed all He propofed
to himfelf, and made a competent Provifion to fop-
port his Brother during his Diftrefs ; though when
He had dilpatched it. He lived not to enjoy the
Repofe He defired, but died before He could re-
turn to Antwerp ; and the Marquis ever after pub-
lickly acknowledged the Benefit He received here-
by to the Chancellor's Advice.

As foon aslhe Chancellor had repofed himfelf at
Antwerpy after fo much Fatigue, He thought it ne-
ceflary to give fome Account of himfelf to the King ;
and though the Prohibition before his going into*
Scotland^ and the fending away many of the Ser-*
vants who attended him thither out of the King-
dom, made it unfit for him to repair thither him-
felf 5 He refolved to fend his^ Secretary (a Man of
Fidelity, and well known to the King) to inform
his Majefty of all that had pafled, and to bring;

back

*54 The LIFE tf PartVL

back hi^ Cbmmandtf ; but when He W^ at Afn^-i
dam^ rcsuly td embark iipoa a Ship Ixyitod £^
kmdy the New5< arriv^ thece of hi9 Majefty's be-
ing upoo his Marcb fc^Etigiand'^ upon which He
jeconied to AOwerp-'^ who^ He found the Spirits
•£ ail the Ef^l^' oalted with the &me Advertife-
meat.

As foon as the King caifte tcJ Paris (after hi*
wonderful Deliverancie from the Battle of fjTarcef"
ter) and knew that the Chancellor of the Exche-
Cjuer was at Antwerp^ his Majelly lent to him to
repair diither, which He accoi?£nglv did ; and
fbr the^ firft four or five Days after his Arrival,
the King fpcnt many Hours with hiiii ia Private,
aind informed him of many Particulars of the
Treatment He had met with m Scotland \ of his
March into jE»j^ij»i-, of the Conftifion at ^^^(/^
fer \ and all the Circumftances of his happy £1^
cape and Deliverance. Btfi\ of the Rsh. FoliO|.
Vol. 3, P. 332.

9%r 9um T ICE Chancellor was yet looked upon wi& vIS
Tf^^tbi ungradbus^Eyeby herMajefty; only the Lord Jif-
QHmeOorto fg/fft kncw wcIl Hc would ncvcr refign himfelf to be^
ttr Jmir0. djjfnofed of, which was the Temper that could oifdy^
endear any Msm to him : For befides ft>rmeif Ex*
perience, an Attempt had been lately made upon-
him by Sir John Berkley ; who told him, thiir- the<»^
Queen had a good Opinion of him, and knew^well
in. haw ill a Condition He muft be, in Rd|}ed: <£^\ -
Us &ibfiilence \ and that She woidd alBgn him fuc^ ^
a competent Mamtenance, that He Ihould^ be abltf^
to. draw his^ Family to him out of i%»«drj td P!^-
m, and to live comfortably together, if She m^lfl;*'
be confident of his. Service, andthat HcPwould d-
ways concur with her in his Advice to the- King.
To: which»Hc anfwered, tharHe fhoukl nevei^ fail'
in peifonniog his^Dur^ totiM^Queess whom H«^

ackDQWt

Part VI. Edwar© Esrl g/* Clarendon. 1155

acknowledged to be bis moft gracious Miftrefi, with
all poffible Integrkj : But as He was a. Servant
and Councilor to the King, fi> He ihould always
confider what was good for his Service, and never
decline that out of any Compliance whatfi>ever ; and
that He did not defire^ to be (lipported from any
Bounty but the King's ; nor more by his, than* in
PjfOportiQn with what his Majefty flicwld be able, to
do for his other Servants. And ihortly after the
Qigeea herielf i^>eaking with him, and oomplaining
that She had no Credit with the King^ the Chaur
cellor dcfired her not to think fo v I^ knew well^«-^!f^*
the King had great Duty for her» which He would
ItiU pre^rve towards her ; but as it would not be
fit foe her to aScft fuch ao Intereft as to be thoi^hi:
to govern, fo Nothing could be more difadvaa-
t^geous to the King and. to his la^reft, thito that
the World fhould believe that He was abfokiocfar

fovciPned by hi^ Mother St which He found (though
be feemed to confent to it) was. no acceptable De«-
daration to her. However Sh& did often emdbjt
him to the King, upon fuch Particulars aa trouhled«
or offended her i as once for the Removal of a. .
joung^ Liady out of the Louvre^ who had procured,
a Loddnfljhere, without her M^efty/s Gonfcntj^
and wiiSi whom her Majefty was jumy offended,, for
the little Reipe6k She fhewed towards her Maje% v
aM when the Chancellor had prevailed fb far with
the King,, that He. obliged the JLady to remove out
of the ILouvre^ tq fatisfy his Mother^ the Qh^'^
was well content that the Ladjr herfelf and her
Friends fhould believe, that She had undergone
diat Affi-ont merely by the MUice and Credit of
the Chancellor.

Th s King^ remained at Faris till the Year -
iS^y when in the Month of June He left
J^nmcgi andipafllag through ^Imkn^ went to.

5/0, .

^56 "The L I F E of PartVt

Spdj where He propofed to Iperid two or thrcQ
Months with his Sifter, the Princefs Royal. His
Stay at Spa was not fo long as He intended^ the
Small Pox breaking out there — His Majefty
and his Sifter fuddenly removed to Jix-la^ba-
peUe. Hift. of the Reb. Folio, Vol 3. P. 41 7i 41 8,
. 419-

•f- At this Time there fell out ah Accident necef-
fary to be inferted in the particular Relation of the
Chancellor's Life, which had afterwards an In-
fluence upon his Fortune, and a very great one
upon the Peace and Quiet of his Mind, and pf his
Family. When the King refolved, immediately af-
ter the Murder of his Father, to fend the Chancel-
lor his Ambaffadour into Spain^ the Chancellor, be-
ing to begin his Journey fronl xhtHague^ lent for .
his Wife and Children, to meet him at Antwerp ;
and had at that Time only four Children, one
Daughter and three Sons 5 all of fo tender Years,
that their own Difcretions could contribute litde to
^if c^"" their Education, Thefe Children,' under the fole!
tLuFi^iy Direftion of a very difcreet Mother, He left at Ant-
«r Antwerp. -zj;^^ Competently provided for, for the Space of
a Year or more ; hoping in that Time, to be able
to fend them fome, farther Supply ; and having re-
moved them out of England^ to prevent any Incon-
venience that might befall them there, upon any (13c
Accident that might refult fi:om his Negotiation in
Spain ; it being in thofe Times no unufual Thing
for the Parliament, when it bad conceived any no-
table Diipleafure againft a Man, who was out of

^ f The Entrance of the Chancellor!s Daughter into the Fami-,

ly of the Princefs Royal is related in both Manufcripts. The
Fa£l is here retained, as beft preferving the Order of Time:
The Circumftances preceding it, from p. 2^6. 1. 13. to p: 258,
1. 17, and the Conclufion of it p. 262. 1. 34. to p. 263. 1. 7, are
tranfcribed from the Mariufcript of The Continuation^ and there-
fore the whole Trania&ioxUs omitted iti that Part of the Work.
■ \ ^. their

Part VL Edward E^r/^/^CLARENDON. 257

their Reach, to feize upon his Wife and Children^
and to imprifon them, in what Manner, and for
what Time feemed reafonable to them ; and from
this Hazard He was willing to preferve his. The
King was in Scotland when the Chancellor returned
from his Embafly to Antwerp^ where his Family
had ftill remained; his Children being grown as
much as ufually attends the Space of. two Years,
which was the Time He had been abfent. The fa-
tal Succefs at JVorcefier about this Time had put a
Period to all his Majefty*s prefent Defigns ; and He
had no fooner made his wonderful Efcape into
France^ than He fent for the Chancellor 5 who left
his Family, as He had done formerly, an^ as mean-
ly fupplied, and made all Hafte to FariSj where
He found the King ; with whom He remained till
his Majefty was even compelled to remove from
thence into Germawf \ which was above three Years,

During that Time the Princefs Royal had, but rbq^nm
of her own Princely Nature and Inclination, culti- '**"^
vated by the Civility and Offices of the Lady 5/tf»-
hope^ conferred a very feafonable Obligation upon
him, by affigning a Houfe, that was in her Dilpo-
fal at hreduy to his Wife and Children ; who had
thereupon left Antwerp \ and without the Payment
of any Houfe Rent, were more conveniently, be-
caufe more frugally, fettled in their new Manfion
at Brtda \ where He got Liberty to vifit them for
four or five Days, whilft the King continued his
Journey to the Spa ; and after another Abfence of
near four Years, finding his Children grown, and
improved after that Rate. The gracious Inclination
in the Princefs Royal towards the Chancellor's
Wife and Children (not without fome Reprehen-
fion ftom Farts) and the Civilities in the Lady
StanhopCy bad proceeded much from the good Offices
of Dmel ONeik of the King's Bedchamber 5 who
had for many Years lived in very good Correlpon-

Vol.L R dence

25» rbe L 1 F E of Part VI.

dencc with the Chancellor; and was very accept-
able in the Court of the Princefs Royal, and to
thofe Perforis who had the greatcft Influence upon
her Councils and Afl^ftions.

The Princefs met the King her Brother at the
Spa^ rather for the mutuar Comfort TTiey took in
each other, than for the Ufe either of them had of
the Wa,ters; yet the Princefs engaged herfelf to
that Order and EHet that the Waters required;
and after near a Months Stay there. They were for-
ced fuddenly to remove from thence, by the Sick-
nefs of fome of the Princeflis Women of the Snrall
Pox ; and refided at Jix-la-Cbapelle^ where They
had been but one whole Day, when Notice came
from the Spa that Mrs. JGUigrew^ one of the Maids
. of Honour to the Princefs, was dead of the Smalt
Mr. oNeiie Pqx. O Neik Came in the Ihftant to the Chancellor
^2^ 'f with very much Kindnefs, and told him, that the
^^J^,* Princefs Royal had a very good Opinion of hiip,
^Jl^/,', ^nd kind Purpofes towards his Family^ which She
DMgbttr. knew fufFered much for his Fidelity to the^ King ;
and therefore that She w^s much troubled to find
that her Mother the Queen had lefs Kindnefs^ for
him than He dcferved ; that by the Death of Mrs.
KilUgrew there was a Place now fallen, which very
many would defire ; and that it would no fooner be
known at Paris^ than the Queen would undoubt-
edly recommend fome Lady to the Princefs ; but
He was confident that, if the Chancellor would
move the King to recommend his Daughter, who
was known to the Princefs, her Highnefs would
willingly receive her. He thanked him for his par-
tnuh the ticular Kindnefs ; but conjured him not to ufe his
Oaw/or dt^ interefl to promote any fuch Pretence ; and told

him that " himfelf would not apply the King's Fa-CnO
" vour to fuch a Requefl ; that He had but one
" Daughter, who was all the Company and Com-
** fort her Mother had, in her melancholick Retire-

" ment ;

Part VI. EDWARB^^r/ /Clarendon. 259*

•* ment ; arid thefiifore He was refolved hot to fe-
"pdfate them^ h6r't6 difpofe his Dkiighter tof a
" CdWt Life ;••' which tit did in Truf H petfeftfy
dcteft. O Neiky much difarftbhited- with the An-
fwcr, and believing tHit ]the R-opofition would hdVe
been very grateful to him, confeflfedi thdt the Prin-
cefs had been alifeacf^ riiovedt iii k by the Lad^
tbefterfield\ and that if Was Her own Defire that the

. King ftiould mo^c it -to her, to the End,- that She
might be thereby flieftered from the ReproacH
which She expefted from the Q\i^en ; but that the
^Princels herfeii had fo nriuch Kindnefs for his Daugh-
ter, that She had long refolved to haVe her upon
the firft Vacancy. The Chancellor was exceeding!/
perplexed 5 arid refolved Nothing more, than tht*
his Daughter ftiould not live froni hei* Mother; arid
dierefore renewed, hiis Cr^njurations to Mx.O Neiki
that He would not farther promote it, firice it would
never be acceptable to him ; and concllided, that?
his making no Application, and the Iniportunity of
others who defired thi Honour, would |)ut ah Eftif
to the Pretence. • '

The King had heard of the Matter from tht 'tbtiaf^
Princefi, and willingly expeifted when the Chancel- {^^'^f^T
lor would move him for his ReconttncndatioriVM
Vrhich when He faw He forbore to do. He ipake^
himfelf tt> him of it, 'tad aflcedhim^ why He did
hot mkke fuch a Suit to liim •, tpbft which tlie
Ghincefloi^ toM ' hftrt^' liir Ait had pafffed between
ONeik and fi»n-,' ah*that for ihahy Reafohs, He;
decliried the -receivirig^ ;t|iat OWigatlori from the
l^rineds J arid thereforti^'He had •no-lKe' of his M^^
jeftfsfTaSfclur iw it. * Thfe King tok! Him ^airilj^,^
tfiat^ ^% Sifter '.lijSbft^liaJvring fefen his Daughter
'^^ibni^Days, liked *er lb well, thiatt She defired ttf
^'hive Hfer ^oiit heirif^^on 5 and^hkd hcrfelf fpo^^

^'"ite^td h!m*ti4'mbf(fc!^it to her, -for the Reafdflt'
^*^^a5»idi"and td jJitVfent any Efi^^feafore froin th^
''^•-^^'^^^ R 2 « Queen;

26e rhe LIFE of PartVI.

** Queen 5 and He knew not how the Chancellor
** could, or why He fhould omit fuch an Opportu-
^'Tiity of providing for his Daughter, in fo honour-
A^^iS^ " '^^^^ ^ Way." The Chancellor told Him^ " He
'''^^'" could not difpute the Reafons with himj only
*' that He could not give himfelf Leave to djBprive
** his Wife of her Daughter's Company ; nor be-
•* licve that She could be more advantageoufly bred
^tbtbT^^ " ^^^ under her Mother,*' Hereupon He went to
Prinufi the Princefs, and took Notice of the Honour She
*?jw/. was inclined to do him ; but. He told Her, the
Honour was not fit for him t^ receive, nor the Con-
jundlure feafonable for her I^yal Highncfs to con-
fer it : That She could not but know his Condi-
tion, being deprived of Ws Eftate ; and if her
Highnefs's Bounty had not afligned a Houfe at
Breda J where his Wife and Family lived Rent free,.
They had not known how to have fubfifted : But
by that her Favour, the fmall Supplies his Friends
in. England fecretly fent over to them, fuftained
them in that private Retirement in which They liv-
ed ; fo that it was not in his Power to make his
Daughter fuch an Allowance, as would enable her
to live in her Court, in that Manner as would be-
come her Relation.

The Princels would not permit him to enlarge;,
but very generoufly told him, that She knew well
the Streightneis of his Condition, and how it came
to be fo low ; and had no Thought, that He Ihould
be at the Charge to maintain his Daughter in her.
Service ; that He fhould leave that to Her : And fo
uled many Expreflions of Efteem of him, and of
Kindnefs and Grace to his Daughter. , He fbrelee-
ing, and expe(5)ing fuch GeneroOty, replied to her,
tl>at fince her Goodnefs dilpofed her: to fuch a^ Ad
of Charity and Honour, it^tecame his Duty and-
Gratitude xo provide j that She fhould bring no In«(>3>)
convenience upon herfelf : Th^t He^ had the Mif.^

i * fortune

Part VI. Edward E<?r/ ^Clarendon. 261

fortune ( with all the Innocence and Integrity ima-
ginable) to be more in the Queen her Mother's
Disfavour, than any Gentleman, who had had the
Honour to ferve the Crown fo many Years in fome
Truft; that all the Application He could make,
nor the King's own Interpofition, could prevail with
her Majefty to receive him into her gracious Opi-
nion ; aqd that He could not but know, that this
unfeafonable Aft of Charity, which her Highnels
would vouchfafe to fo ungracious a Family, would
produce fome Refentment and Difpleafure from the
Queen her Mother towards her Highnefs, and in--
creafe the Weight of her fevere Indignation againft
him, which fo heavily opprefled him already ; and
therefore He refolved to prevent that Mifchief,
which would undoubtedly befall her Highnefs ; and
would not fubmit to the receiving the Fruits of her
favourable Condelcenfion.

To this thePrincefs anfwered with fome Warmth,
that She had always paid that Duty to the Queen
her Mother, which was due to her ; and would ne-
ver give her a juft Caufe to be offended with her :
But that She was Miftrefs of her own Family, and
might receive what Servants She pleafed j and that
She fhould <:ommit a great Fault againft the Queen,
if She (hould forbear to do a good and a juft Ac*-
tion, to which She was inclined, out of Apprehen-
fion that her Majefty would be offended at it. She
faid. She knew fome ill Offices, had been done him
to her Mother, for which She was forry -, and doubt*
ed not, but her Majefty would in due Time difcern
that She had been mifmformed, and miftaken ; and
then She would like and approve of what her High*
nels Ihould now do. In the mean Time She was
refolved to take his Daughter, and would fend for
her as She returned into Holland. The Chan-
cellor, not in any Degree converted, but con-
founded with the gracious and frank Dilcourfe 6i

■ R 3 the .

?63 7be L I F E of Part VI.

the Princefs Royal, knew riot "what more tp fay;
replied only, that He hoped her Highnefs would
think better of what She feemed to yndervalue, and
that He left his Daughter to be difpofed of by her
Mother, who He knew would be very unwilling to
part with her ; upon which her Highnefs anfwered,
*' PU warrant you, my Lady and I will agree upon
^' the Matter." To conclude this Difcourfe, which
confidering what fell out afterwards, is not imper-
tinent to be remembered, He knew his Wife had
no Inclination to have her Daughter out of her own
Company 5 and when He had by Letter informed
her of all that had pafled. He endeavoured to con-
firm her in that Refolution : But when the Princefs
after her Return into. Holland fent to her, and re-
newed her gracious Offer, She, upon Confultation
with Dr. Morley (who upon the old Friendfhip be-
tween the Chancellor and liim, chofe in his Banifli-
tnent, from the Murder of the King, to make his
Refidence for the moft Part \r^ his Family, and was
always, perfeftly kind to all his Interefts) believed it
might prove for her Daughter's Benefit ; wd writ
to her Hufband her Opinibn, and that the Dodor
concurred in the fame.

, The Chancellor looked upon, thft Matter itfelf,
and all the Circumftances thereof, as having fome
Mark of Divine Providence, which He would not
• refift ; and fo referred it wholly to. his Wife : Who
WiWife ac' when She had prefented her Daughter to the Prin-
X'^%' cefs, came herfelf to refide with her'Hufcand, to
fifasber his great Comfort ; and which He could not have
^PH^efi, enjoyed, if the other Separation had ndt been made ;
and pofTibly that Confideration had the more eafily
difpofed her to confent to die other. We have now
fet down all the Pafl^ges and Circumftances which
accompanied, or attended that Lady's firft Promo-
tion to the Service of the Priniccis Royal ; which
the extreme Averfcnefs in her F«her w4 Mother(i3J)

from

Part VI. Edward Earl of Clarendon. ^63

from embracing that Opportunity, and the unufual

Grace and Importunity from them who conferred i

the Honour, being confidered, there may appear

to many an extraordinary Operation of Providence,

in giving the firft Rife to what afterwards fucceed-

ed 5 though of a Nature fo tranfcendent, as cannot

be thought to have any Relation to it.

After an unfuccefsful Infurreftion of fome
of the King's Friends in Englandy Cromwell exer-
cifed the utmoft Severity and Cruelty againft
them ; putting many to Death, and tranfporting
others, as Slaves, to Barbadoes ; and by his own
Authority, and that of his Council, made an
Order, that all Perfons who had ever borne Arms
for, or declared themfelves of, the Royal Party,
ihould be decimated \ that is, pay a tenth Part
of all the Eftate They had left, to fupport the
Charge of the Commonwe^th ; and publifhed a
Declaration to juftify his Proceedings : Hijt. ^f^^^J^Z'^
the Reb. Folio, Vol. 3. from P. 429 to 444. which /),c.Wo^
confidently fet down fuch Maxims, as made it ma- ^^^'^ ^'
nifeft to all who had ever ferved the King, or would dJL^ngtu
not fubmit to Cromwell's Power and Government, ^"^''^^o-r
that They had Nothing that They could call their
own, but muft be difpofed of at his Pleafiye ; which
as much concerned all other Parties, as the King's,
in the Confequence.

This Declaration, as foon as printed, was fent
over to Cologncy where the King then was^ and the
Chancellor was commanded by the King to write ^« wA/V^ tu
fome Difcourfe upon it, to awaken the People, and ^^^,^
Ihew them their Concernment in it ; which He didOw»w^
by Way of a Letter to a Friend-, which was like- a^J^
wife fent into England, and there printed ; and when
Cromwell called his next Parliament, it was made
great Ufe of to inflame the People, and make
Siem fenfible of the Deftruftion that attended them ;

R 4 and

wntesoM

a64 The L I F E of ice. Part Vi-

and was thought then to produce many good Ef-
CntkjhH. fefts. And io We conclude this Part.

MontpeUer^ 27thofikfey, iG'jo.

"THE Seventh and laft Part of the Mdmfcript
is dated at MontpeUer, Auguft the ijiy 1670, and
continues the Hiftory from the King^s Reftdence at
Cologne, to the Reftoration of the Royal Family in
1660 ; containing the Suhftance of what is printed
in the two laft Books of The Hiftory of the Rebel'
lion. The only remarkable Circumftance of the Au-
thor* s Life during that Period is^ that in the Tear
1657, while the King was at Bruges, foj Majefty
appointed the Chancellor of the Exchequer to he Lord
High Chancellor of England 5 and delivered the
, Great Seal into his Cuftody^ upon the Death of Sir
Edward Herbert, the laft Lord Keeper thereof
Hift. of the Reb. Folio, Vol. 3. P. 480.

AN

A N

INDEX

T O T H E

E.

^^ The Numbers in the Index refer to the Pages
cf the Folio Edition^ which are retained in the Inner
Margin of the Odavo.

ABBOT, Arch Bifhop,
his Behaviour p*33.
Allen y Cardmal, his
Kindnefs to Mr. Henr^ Hjde
p. 2.

Antwerp, the Chancellor*! Fa-
mily fettled there, p. 1 1 1,

Arundel, Caftlc of, Mr. Cbil^
lingwortb taken prifoner in it
p. 30.

Arundel, Ead of, EarlMarJbal,
the arbitrary Proceedings of
his Court p. 37. his Court
fupprefTed p. 3 9.hi8 Behaviour
to, and Sentiments of Mr.
Hyde ibid.

AJbbumbam, John, Ws Friend-
ship vrith Sir John Colepepper
p. 49. his Invaiion of the
Chancellor of the Ezche-
^vKr's Office {>• 83. his Cxc*

dit with the King p. 9;*

the King^s Charafter of him

p. 96.
Aylefiuryf S]xTb$mas, Mailer of

Requefts to the Kmg, the

Father of Mr. Hyde^s fecond

Wife p. 9.
Ayliffe, Sir George^ Father to

Mr. Hyde's firft Wife p. 7.

B.

Bafadonna, Pietro, the Venetian

Ambaifadour at Madrid, his

Character p. 1 1 6.
Baynard, Thomas, p. 2.
Bennet, Mr. Secretary to the

Duke of Tork p. 1 24.
Berkley, Six John, his Intrigues

in the Duke of York's Family

p. 122.
Bifhops removed out of the

Houfc of Pccnp,5i. *

Bridg.

I N I

Bridgman, Six Orlando, his Cha-

rafter p. 89.
Briflol, Earl of, his Difpute with

Lord Cottington, and return

to Caen p. 104.
Brooke, Earl of, his Conteft with

Lord Pembroke p. 70, 7 1 .
Buckingham, Duke of, his Death

p. 6.
Burford, Houfe of Lord Talk-

land^. 22.

Cajar, Sir Chiles, Mailer of
the Rolls, his Death p. 72.

Calthurft, Matthew, p. 2,

Cambridge, Mr. Hyde^s Arrival
and Sicknefs there p. 5.

Qapei, Lord, his Refidence at
Jerfey p. loi. removes to
Middleburg p. 102.

Carew, Tho. his Gharadler p. 19.

Carey, Sir Lucius, his Friendship
with the Chancellor p. 19.
his Education p. 20. his For-
tunes ilfid, hk Marriage ibid,
Voy sigc to Holland p 21, Re-
tirement to hi« Studies ibid,
his Father's Death ibid. Re-
turn to bis Studies p. 22.
Progrefs in Learning ibid, fee
Falkland, Lord Vifcount.

Carteret, Sir George, receives
the Chancellor in his Houfe
at Jerfey' p, 102^.

Cafiilian, -^ p. 2.

Cavendijh, Sir CJ^arles, hisCha-
rafter p. 1 26.

Chaloner, Dr. Principal oiJlban
Hall in Qxford, dies, of the
Plague p. 4.

Charles I, King,, calls a Parlia-
ment Jpril 16/^0. p. 36. dif-
fol ve s It May^ 1.6 40. p. 3 8, calls
another, ia Nov^mker 1640,

/i/V. fends for Mr. Ed. Hydt
p. 42. thanks him for his Ser-
vices ibid, offers him the Poft
of Solicitor General p. 45.
paffes the Bill for removing
the Bifhops out of the Houfe .
of Peers p. 51. accompanies
the Queen to Dover p. 5 3. his
Promife of Secrecy to Mr.
Hyde p. 55. begins his Pro-
grefs Northward p. 57. takes
the Prince with him p. 5 8. re«
fides at rorkp.^g. his March
to Hull p. 66. Progrefs into
Nottinghamjhire and Leieef-
terjbirep.6^. K^tmiiio York
ibid, his Diflike to a Ceffa-
tion of Arms p. 76. againft
which He encourages an Ad-
drefs p. 80. rejc£h the Earl
o^ Northumberland's Propofi-
tion p.78. his Promife to the
Queen p. 80. He fets out for
Briftolp. 83. commands the
Chancellor to attend the
Prince into the Wejl p. 97.
fends him tv^o MSS contain-
ing all the Paffages of the
Years 1645, 1646. P- ^03.
thanks him for his Vindica-
tion of him. p. 1 04.

C^^r/^jir.King(fee Wales,?xmct
of) Report of his Death p.
123, deflres to recommend
the Chancellor's Daughter to
the Princeft of Orange p . 1 3 1 .
commands the Chancellor to
write an Anfwer to Crom*
w^//*/ Decimation p. 133/

Chillingzvorth, Mr. his Convcr-
fion to the Church of Rome p.
29. Re-turn to the Churchof
England ihidi. conduAs Mr.
Jfi. Hy^e from Oxford to
Yorhfhirex p. 60. Charaftcr p,
%(j^^ Death p, 30.

Clarin'

To THE LIFE.

CIarefuion,EAt\ of, fee Hyde^Ed-
ward,

Colepepper^ Sir Jobn^ called to
the Privy Council p.45. joins
with Lord Falkland dJioMr,
Ed. Hyde in conducing the
King^s Affairs in Parliament
p. 46. his Charadler, and Po-
litical Principles p. 48. advi-
{ts the King to pafs the Bill
againil the £ifhops p. 5 1 . and
prevails with him by Means
of the Queen ibid, difcovers
a Defign of fending Lord
Falkland^ Mr. Ed Hyde^ and
himfelf to the Tower p. 58.
defeats it ibid, repairs to the
Xing at Tork p. 66. i|,made
Mafter of the Rolls p. 7 3. un-
willingly refigns the Chan-
cellorlhip of the Exchequer
ibid, is made of the Junto
p. 85.

Cwi«^tfy, Lord, p.35. Secretary
of State p. 4.

CofinSf Dr. forbidden to officiate
in the Louvre p. 1 20.

Coitington, Lord, Commiilioner
of the Treafury, and Chan-
cellor of the Exchequer p. i o.
embarks from Dieppe for Dun-
kirk p. 104. is plundered by
fomc Ofiend Frigates p. 106.
goes to the Hague p,iog, de-
clared AmbaiTadour to Spain
by King Charles IL p. 1 1 1 .

Cotton^ Charles^ his Charader,'
and Writings p. 1 7.

Coventry f Lord Keeper p. lo,

3«-
Cowley, Mr. his Charadler p.

16.

Cromwell filiver^TYit firftCaufe
of his Enmity to the Chan-
cellor p. 40.

D.

De Vic, Sir Henry. The King^g
Refident at Brujfels p. 124.

Digby, Sir Kenelm, his Charac-
ter p. 1 8.

Di^y^ Lord, prevails on Mr.
Ed, Hyde to publifh his An-
fwer to the Parliament's Re-
monftrancep.45. carries Mr.-
Ed, Hyde to the King and
Queen ibid, made Secretary
of State p. 85. He founds the
Chancellor on the Subje£l of
the Prince's going to France
p. 90.

Dittton, Place of Mr. Ed.Hyde^s
Birth p. I.

Dor/et, Earl of, p. 35.

Dort, Synod of; Mr. Hdle^s
Account thereof p. 27.

E.

Earles^ Dr. his Chtrafter p.
26,

Elliot, Mr. his Account of his
taking the Seal from the
Lord Kccptr Littleton p.6i.
confuted by Mr. Ed, Hyde
p. 64. The King's. Diilike
and Fear of him p. 96.

England, its State A. D. 1639.

P 36.
— — Church of, Mr. JE</*
Hyde^s Attachment to it's
Do6lrines, and Difpipline p.

EJcakna, Duke of,, receives thc;
Chancellor at Pampeluna p.

119.

EJfex, Earl of p. 31. his Cha-
racter p. 56.

Europe, General State of it
A. D, 1639. p.}6.

Falkland,

INDEX

F.

Faihland^ Lord Vifcount, the
Father, Deputy of Ireland
p. 20.

' the So«, fee

Carey ^ Sir Lucius^ called to
the Privy Council p. 45. con-
dudls the King's A^irs in
Parliament p. 46. his Tem-
per, and Political Principles
p. 47. repairs to the King at
York p. 66. prepares an An-
fwer to the Nineteen Propofi-
done of the Parliament ibid.
his Wager with the King
concerning Mr. Hyde^s Style
p. 69. folicits the King to
make Mr. Hyde Chancellor of
the Exchequer p. 72. attends
the King to Sri^olp.S^, his
Death and Charader p. 84.
his Children p. 85.

fanjbaw^ Mr. p. lou

Felton^ John, p. 5.

Fieftnes, Nathaniel^ foretells the
Deftruftion of Epifcopacy p.

Fuyt Six George, p. 2.

G.

Grana, Marquis of, his Cha-
rafter. p.i 15.

Grandifon, J^illiam^ Lord Vif-
count p. 7, 54,56. taken Pri-
foner in Wincbefter p. 73,74.
cfcaoes to Oxford ibid.

Godolphin^ Sidney^ bis Charac-
ter, and Death p. 24.

H.

Hales J John, his Interview with
Arch Bidiop Laud p.zS, his
Difcouffc on Schilin ibid.

made Prebend of Windjor

ibid, his Chara6ler p. 27,28.

^/;fflr/7/^»,Marquis of,hisFriend-

fhip with Mr. Hyde p. 7.
Hammond, Dr. p. 22.
Hambden, John, his Reply to
Mr. Hyde on the Subjed of
Privilege p.47.
Hareourt, Count of, his Arrival
in England p. 85. Negotia-
tions, and Return p. 86.
Harvey, Daniel, recommends
Mr. Hyde to Arch Biihop
LaudpA^.
Haflerig, Sir Arthur, p. 41.
Herbert, Sir Edward, Attorney
General, advifes the King to
declare the Parliament difTol-
ved p. 87. his Charafter p.
8^. periuades the Duke of
iork to leave his Mother p.
123. his Credit with the
Duke of Tork p . 1 25 .
Hertford, Earl of, reconciled to
Arch Bifhop Laud by Mr.
Hyde p. 31, Marquis of, Go-
vcrnour to the Prince p. 53,
carries the Prince to Green-
tffichp.^^.
Holland, Earl pf, p. 31. furpri-
fes Mr. Hyde with the King
p. 5 5. his Journey to Beverley
p. 67. the King^s Reception
of him p.68.
Hopton, Lord, p. 30. his Refi-

dence at Jerfey p.ioi.
HuJJjf, Sir James, carries the

Plague to Oxford p,4,
Hyde, Edward, Time of his
Birth p. 4. Education ibid.
fent to the Univerfity of Oat-
ford ibid, difappointed at
Magdalen College in Oxford
ibid, entered in the Middle
temple ibid, takes the Degree
of Bachelor of Arts ibid,
leave!

To THE LIFE.

leaves the Univcrfity ibid, is
feized with an Ague p. 5. i^
fent to Pirtgn ibid, returns to
London ibid, rides the Norfolk
Circuit ibid, is taken ill at
Cambridge of the Small Pox
ibid, removes to Pirton p. 6.
returns to his Studies at the
Simple ibid, marries the
Daughter of Sir G.Jyliffe p.
7. who dies within half a
Year iat Reading ibid, intro-
duced to the Marquis of Ha-
milton ibid, marries a fecond
Time p. 8. lofcs his Father
p. 10. is introduced to Arch
Biihop Laud p. 1 3. acquires
great Reputation by his Prac-
tice p. 14. his Companions p.
1 6. his more intimate Friends
p. 19. He reconciles Arch
Biihop Laud to the Earl of
Hertford p. 3 1 . his free Ex-
poftulation with Arch Biihop
Laud p. 32. devotes himfelf
to his Profeflion p. 34. his
Family ibid, his Character p.

35. chofen Member of Par-
liament for WottonBaJfet p.

36. his firfl Speech in the
Houfe of Commons p. 37.
endeavours to prevail on
Arch Bifhop Laud to oppofe
the Di£blution of the firft
Parliament of 1 640. ibid, is
chofen to ferve in the fecond
Parliament of 1649. p. 38*
He procures the Suppreilion
of the EariMarJhats Court
ibid, receives the Thanks of
the Earl of Arundel for his
Behaviour on that Occaiion
p. 39. He lays aiide his
Gownj and gives himfelf to
publick Bufinefs ibid. He is
in the Chair of the Commit-

tee agamil (he Court of Torlt
ibid, in the Committee a->
gainll the Judges ibid, in that
concerning the Lord Prefi-
dent and Council of the
Marches of Wales p. 40. in
the Chair of a Committee
upon an Indofare ibid, the
Enmity contracted on that
Occaiion againil him by 0//«
ver Cromwell p. 40, 41. He
is much courted by the dif-
contented Party p.41. isfirft
fent for by King Charles I.
p. 42. the King's Diicourfe
to him ibid, undertakes the
Prefervation of Epifcopacy
till the King goes to Scotland
ibid, receives the King's
Thanks by Secretary Nich'*
^jibid. drawsupanAnfwer
to the Parliament's Remon-
ibrance p.44. ihews it to Lord
Digby ibidl but refufes to
communicate it to the King
ibid, is prevailed on to fuffer
it to be printed p. 45. de-
clines the Office of Solicitor
General ibid, refufes another
Pott p. 46. is entruiled with
the Conduct of the King's
Afiairs in Parliament ibid.
Account of his Temper and
Principles p. 49. He is fent
on a Meifage to the ELing at
Canterbury p. 53. prevails
with the King to alter his
Anfwer to the Parliament p.
54. is dire6led by the King
to prepare Anfwers for him
to the Parliament's Declara-
tions and Meiiagesp.55. He
is furprifed with the King at
Greenwich by the Earls of
Effex and Holland ibid, in
Danger of being ftnt to. the
Tofver

IN D E X

Tg{9er p. 58. is iciit for by
the King to Tork p. 59: pre-
vails on Lord Keeper Z/////-
iw to fend the Greal Seal,
and go himfelf to the King
i^id. begins hi* Journey to
Tcri ibid, flops at Dittbley
p,6o. arrives at iVip^tf/p.6 1,
wrkes from thence to the
Ring in Favour of the Lord
Keeper p. 62. goes to Titrk
p.63. He reconciles the King
to the Lord Keeper /^V. He
IS required by the Commit-
tee from the Parliament to
attend the Houfe p. 64. his
Anfwer ibid. He is exempt-
cd from Pardon by a Vote of
tlie Houfes p. 68. declines
the Office of Secretary of
Statep.71. made Chancellor
of the Exchequer, fwom of
the Privy Council and knight-
ed p.73. attends the King to
Brifioi p. 83. declines the
Office of Secretary of State a
fecond Time p. 85. He is
made one of the Junto ibid.
He diffiaades the Kmg from
diifolving the Parliament p.
S6. He is commanded by
the King to attend the Prince
into the JVeft p. 90. forms a
Friendfliip with the Duke of
Richmond p. 93. whom He
, endeavours in vain to recon-
cile to the King p. 94. his
Promife to the King at part^
ing p.97. fets out from 0^«
ford, and arrives at Bat b ibid.
He has there the firft Fit of
the Go\xtidid, arrives at Bri/--
to/ ibid, goes to Sciify p, 98.
and from thence to Jer/ey
p. 99. receives the Princess
Permiffion to remain Uicre p<

roc, lives there with Sir
George Carteret p. 102. and
builds a Lodging ibid, begins
the Hiftory of the Troubles
p. 103. the King's Encou-
ngemenf atad Affiftance to
him therem ibid. He writes
an AttlWer to the Parliameiit's
Declaration of the 15th of
February 1647. ibid, goes
from Ditppe to Dunkirk p.
105 . and embarks from thence
for the Prince's Fleet ibid.
but is taken by fome Frigates
tAOJiend, plundered and car-
ried into that Port p. 106.
fet at Liberty, and promifed
SatisfadUon ibid, but cannot
obtam it p. 107. He goes to
FluJbingihidL. embarks to at-
tend the Prince in the River
oi Thames, but is driven back
p. 109. arrives at the H/iP^tf^
ibid." his Content on being
declared Ambafladour to
Spain p. 1 1 1 1 fettles his Wife
and Children ztAntttferp ibid,
has a Box provided for him
to fee the Toros p. 113, is
vifited by the other Ambaf-
^dours at Madrid before his
Audience p^ 1 1 5. demands
his Audience p. 1 1 6. his De-
iign of appearing in Mourn-
ing ibid, changed at the Re-
queft of Don Lewis de Haro
p. 117. applies himfelf to
learning Spanijh p. 1 1 8. be-
gins his Devotions upon the
Pfalms ibid, begins his Jour-
ney from ilfi?^r/(/, and arrives
at Paris p, 1 19. his Recep-
tion by the Qaeen Mother
ibid, who deftres him to
bring the Duke of T&k back
to Paris p. 120, his Reprc-
fenucioni

To THB LIFE.

fentations to the C^eea Mo«
thcr on Dr. Cofim^s being
prevented from officiating
ibid. He goes to Brujjeh p.
121. and thence to Antwerp
p. 122. goes to the IXike of
Tork at Brtda ibid, per-
fuades him to return to Fa-
rts p. 126. reiidies at Ant^
• toerp ibid, and then at Faris
p. 130. declines the Offer
made to him by the Princefs
Royal p- i^i. to which He
at length confent^ p« 1 32. an-
fwers CromtotlFs Decliu-atiott

Hyde^ Htnry, Father to the
Chancellor pi i. his Profef-
fion Pi 2. TiaveJs Hid. Re-
turn p. 3. Marriage ibid, lives
at Dinnn ibid, ferves in Par-
liament ibid. Character i^id.
Age ibid. Family ibid, re-
moves to Satijbury p.9. Sick-
nefs ibid. Death and Charac-
ter p. 10.

— — Henry^ Elder Brother to
the Chancellor p. 3. his Death
p. 4.

— Laurence^ Grandfather to
the Chancellor p. i . his Mar-
riage p. 2. his Children, viz.
Rohert , Laurence , Henry ^
NicMas^ Joanna^ Alice ^
Anne^ Sufanna p. 2. his Death
ibid.

——Sir Laurence^ Attorney
General to Queen Anne p.
2. Uncle to the Chancellor
ibid.

—— Sir Nicholas^ Uncle to the
Chancellor p. 2. Chief Juftice
of the King's Bench ibid.
Death and Charadler p. 6.

^..-^^ Robert, Great Grandfa*
thcr. to the Chancellor p. i.

James I. King, recommttida
Mr. Ed. Hyde to Dr, Lang*
ton p. 4. his Death ibid.

Jobn/on, Ben. his Chasader p^
16. ^

Italy, its Factions p. 36.

K.

Killigrew, Mr. AmbafTadonr to
Venice, his Behaviour there
p. 1 1 6.

■■ Mrs. her Death p. i jo^

Lane, Mr. Attorney to thtf
Prince of Wales, Chief Baron
of the Exchequer, and Keep-
er of the Great Seal p. 30*

Lang ford, Edward, p. 3.

■ * Mary, Mother to the
Chancellor p. 3.

Langton, Dr. President of Mag-
dalen College Oxford p. 4.

Laud, Arch Bifhop, made Cotn -
miffioner of the Treafury p.

10. his Diligence in the
Execution of that Office p.

11. Mr. Hyde^s Introduc-
tion to him p. 13. his free
Expoilulation with him p.
32. his Reverence for his
Memory ibid. Opinion of
him p. 33.

Littleton, Lord Keeper, fends
the Great^eal to the King p.

59. goes himfelf to Tork p.

60. is reconciled to the King
and comforted by Mr. Hyde
p. 63, 64.

Lorraine,D\xkc of, hisCharafler
p. 123. his Reception of the
Duke of Ti^ri p. 125.

Lucas,

INDEX

Lueas^ Sir Jobn^ purchafes a
Title by Means of Mr. JJb^
burnbam p. 95-

LugaTy Mr. converted to Popery
by Mr. CbilUngtoortb p; 29.

Lumiey, Lord, P- 35*

M.

Magdalen College, Oxford^ Mr.
Hyde recommended to be a
Demy there p^ 4.

■ ■ • Hall, Mr. Hyde ad-
mitted there p. 4.

Mandevil, Lord, his Conteft
with Oliver Cromwell p. 40.

' Manly, Six Ricbard, P-4*«

Martin, Sir Harry, dTerts the
Legality of the Earl Mar*
JbalPs Court p. 39.

.~— — - Harry, declares himfcif
a Republican p. 41 •

Mafquerade, Defcription of it in
Spain ^,\\i.

May, Tbomas, his Character and
Writings p. 16,

M»ntague, Walter, his Charac-
ter p. 1 20.

Montrofe, Marquis of, grows
cold in his Friendlhip to*
wards the Chancellor p.i 10.

Morley, Dr. his Chara6terp.26.
acquaints Mr. Hyde with the
Defign of Impeaching him p.
60. reiides with the Chan-
cellor's Family during his
Baniihment p.i32»

N.

Newcaftle, Marquis of, refides

with his Wife at Antwerp

p. 1^6.
Nicholas, Secretary, thanks Mr,

Hyde in the King's Name p.

42. is willing to accept the

Mafterihip of the Wards ^^

72. dilTuaded by Mr. Hy(^^

ibid.
Norbury, the Eftate of the Hycs^^

Family p. i.
Nor tbumber land. Earl of, Y%3s

Propofition to the King p,

76. the King's Sentiments

of him p. 78,

Oliver, Jobn, Tutor to Mr.
Hyde p. 4.

ONeile, Daniel, his Friend-
fhip with the Chancellor p.
130. propofes to him to
place his Daughter in die
Family of the Princefs Roy*
al p. 1 30.

Orange, Prince of, dies of the
Small Pox p. 1 20.

— — Princefs of, her Kind*
nefs to the Family of the
Chancellor p. 130. whofe
Daughter She makes one of
her Maids of Honour p. 1 32,

133-

OJlend, fome Account of the
Free hooters there p. 106. an
Obfervation relating to them
p. 108.

0;if/<>r^Treaty,the fecretTranf-
• actions therein p. 77. bro-
ken off p. 78.

P.

? aimer, Geoffry, Attorney Ge-
neral p. 30.

Parliament, the firll of 1640,.
Mr. Hyde's Opinion of it p.
38. endeavours to prevent its
DiiFolution p,37, itisdiflbl-
Ycd p. 38.

ParhV

To THE LIFE.

Parliament the iiecQnd of 1640,

its Temper p. 38. it^ Num.

bcr p. 66,
Peardf Mr. his Speech ggainft

}At.Hydeip.6i.
Teircy^ Mr* conduda Mr< Hyde

to ^he King p. 42.
Pembroke^ Earl of, his Difpute

with Lord Brooke p. 70.
Philips^ Father, ConfeiTor to the

Quecup. 121.
Pierrepoint^ Mr, his Prppofition

at the Treaty of Oxford p.

76.

Pirenees^ the Chancellor's Faf-
£i£e QV(;r them hy Mules p.
119.

P/>/w», ^hc Hpaf^ of Mr. Hyde's
Father p. 5.

Portland^ 5arl of. Lord High
Treafurer, hb Pcath p. 10.
Comphints ag^ii^fi: him by
Mr Harvey p. ix. Arch Ji-
fhop Latif: Enmity {o him

p. 11,

Q^

Queen, endeav.wrs to perfuadc
Mr. Hyde to accept the Of-
^Ce of Solicitor G^i^eral p.
45. prevails on the Kipg to
pafs the Bill. a^sMnjfl the Si-
(hops p.51. her Journey to-
wards D^f^r in Order to leave
the Kingdom ibid. Lands in
the North p. 80. her Defign
of drawing the Prince into
France ^.()2, is -^ifpleafed at
the Chancellor's going into
Spain p.m. her Tcflimony
of his Sincerity p. 1 12. her
Complaints to him of the
Duke of Tork p. 119. her
Frugality p. 122. her Beha-
viour to the Duke of Tork
Vol. I.

p. 1 23, endeavours to attach
the Chancellor to her Inte-
rcfts p. 128. her Behaviour
to him p. 1 29.

R.

RantzaWy Marlhal, Governour
of Dunkirk, his Char^6ler p.
109,

Ratcliffe^ Sit George, his Cha.
radlcr p. 123. pcrfuades the
Duke of Tork to go to Bru/-
fels ibid, accompanies him
thither p. 1 24.

Richmond^ Dui^e of, p. r^\, the
Beginning of his Friendfliip
with the Chancellor p. 93.
hUCh^raderp.94. hisCold^
nefs towards the King ibid,
the Caufc 0/ it p. 95.

Ro/pigliojiy JuliOy the Pope's
Nuutio at Madrid^ hi§ Cha*
rafter p. 1 1 5 .

^aville^ Sir Harry ^ Warden ef

Merton College, Oxford p.

27. Prpvpft of Eton ^oncgc

ibid.
Sfotijb Qomnjiffioners defire the

Abolition of Epifcoptcy. p,

80. return to London p. 82.
Selden, John, his Charadler p. "

16.^
Sbaftejbury^ Mr. Hyde chofen

for that Borough p 36.
Sheldon, Dr. Warden of M

Soul's College, Oxford, his

Charadlerp. 25.
Sixtus ^intus, his Perfonai

Animofity to Qj^ Elizabeth

p. 2.
Steward, Dr. his Character p.

124.
S St. John

I N D

St, Jahn^ Mr. Solicitor General
p. 45. Mr. f/j/Zif'j Charafter
of him to the King p. 46,

T.

^rjj^ Houfe of Lord Falkland
p- 22.

nynne^ ,S\r Job fi, p. i.

^cros, Defcription of one in
Spain p. 113. forbidden by
pope PiuiY^ P->*5'

E % r &c.

Wenman^ Sir Francis , his Cha-
ndler p. 23.

JVbitlock, Bttlflrode, his Cha-
radbcr p. 30, 3 1 .

William/on^ Dm Henrique^ the
Refident of Denmark at Af^-
i^r/V, his Character p. 1 16.

JGmeneSy Cardinal, his Build*
ings at Alcala p. 1 1 9.

y.

Varney, Sir Edmund j his remark-
able Declaration to Mr. Hyde
p. 68. his Death p. 69.

Vaughan^ John, his Charadlcr

P-«7v

W.

Wales^ Prince of, fcnt by the
King into the Weft p. 97.
fends for the Chancellor to the
Fleet p. 109. goes to the
Hague '"^xA, ittCharlesW,

■»■ .i the Court of its Marches

p.4o-
Waller^ Edmund, his Charaftcr

p. 24, 25.
Warwick, Earl of, proclaimed

% Traitor p. 68,

York, the Court of, fuppreffed
p. 40.

City of. King's Refidence

there p. 58.

— Duke of, left at Richmond
p/58. fent for by the King
iUd. his Education negledled
p. 1 23. leaves Paris againft
the Advice of the Queen p.
1 24. arrives at Brujfels ibid,
returns to Farts p. 1 26.

Younge, Edward, p. 2.

Zefted, Hannibal, Ambafladour
from the Court of Denmark
^t Madrid f. 116,

N

S.

V

i

J

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